Fontem paginae Species (taxinomia) inspicere

[[Fasciculus:Categoriae taxonomicae la.png|thumb|upright=0.5|Categoriae taxinomicae.]]
[[Fasciculus:Linnaeus Systema Naturae 1748.jpg|thumb|Classificatio [[animal]]ium quadrupedum, e [[liber|libro]] [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaei]] qui [[Systema Naturae]] inscribitur (ed. sexta, [[1748]]) deprompta.]]
'''Species''' {{victio|species|ei|f}} in [[biologia]] est [[categoria]] [[taxinomia|taxinomica]] quae tamquam principium investigationis totius mundi [[vita|vivi]] saepe habetur.

Speciei definitionem enuntiare difficile est. Etenim categoria taxinomica speciei variis "[[ens|entibus]] primariis" diversitatis mundi vivi respondet.<ref>Dubois, Alanus (2007) [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068311000030 Species and “strange species” in zoology: Do we need a “unified concept of species”?] ''Comptes Rendus Palevol'' '''10''' (2/3): 77-94.</ref> Iuxta saepe citatam definitionem ab [[Ernestus Mayr|Ernesto Mayr]] datam, duo [[animalia]] quae ad eandem speciem pertinent, cum pullos habeant, hi vicissim pullos parĕre possunt.<ref>Mayr, Ernestus (1963) ''Animal species and evolution.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettensium: Harvard University Press.</ref> Definitio haec tamen ad [[organismus|organismos]] [[reproductio sexualis|reproductionis sexualis]] facultate carentium minime adhiberi potest; item, in [[palaeontologia]] definitio haec inutilis vanaque est. Ideoque nomina accuratiora diversarum categoriarum taxinomicarum, etiamsi omnes ad unum eumdemque gradum speciei pertineant, nonnumquam adhibentur, ut [[Linnaeon|linnaeones]], [[Iordanon|iordanones]], [[Species collectiva|species collectivae]], [[microspecies]], et similia.

Speciei qualiscumque nomen in scientia biologica est [[binomen]] Latinum, e nominibus [[genus (taxinomia)|generis]] specieique constans, de more litteris obliquis scribendum. Quae consuetudo, a [[Carolus Linnaeus|Carolo Linnaeo]] introducta, usque ad presentem diem ab omnibus servatur. Nomina specierum aliorumque [[Taxon|taxorum]] leges certas sequi debent, in codicibus nomenclaturae (zoologico, botanico aliisque) perscriptas.<ref>Kuntze, Otto (1893) [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2977#page/233/mode/1up Codex nomenclaturae botanicae emendatus.] In: Kuntze, O. ''Revisio generum plantarum:vascularium omnium atque cellularium multarum secundum leges nomenclaturae internationales cum enumeratione plantarum exoticarum in itinere mundi collectarum, vol. 3.'' Lipsiae–Londini–Mediolani–Neo-Eboraci–Parisiis.</ref> Exempli gratia speciei nostrae nomen est ''[[Homo sapiens]]''. 

Species ad [[genus (taxinomia)|genera]] pertinent, genera ad [[familia (taxinomia)|familias]], et ita deinceps iuxta ordinem categoriarum taxinomicarum, ut puta ''[[Felis silvestris]]'' una est e speciebus generis ''[[Felis (genus)|Felis]]'', ad quod etiam pertinent aliae species, ut ''Felis manul''. ''Felis'' ad [[Familia (taxinomia)|familiam]] [[Felidae|Felidarum]] pertinet, Felidae ad [[Ordo (taxinomia)|ordinem]] [[Carnivora (mammalia)|Carnivororum]], Carnivora ad [[Classis (taxinomia)|classem]] [[Mammalia|Mammalium]], Mammalia ad [[Phylum (taxinomia)|phylum]] [[Chordata|Chordatorum]], Chordata ad [[Regnum (taxinomia)|regnum]] [[Animalia|animale]].

{{NexInt}}
{{div col|2}}
* [[Cladus]]
* [[Cultivarietas]]
* [[Distributio geographica]]
* [[Holotypus]]
* [[Species introducta]]
* [[Species periclitatae]]
* [[Specismus]]
* [[Status conservationis]]
* [[Subspecies]]
* [[Systema taxinomicum Linnaeanum]]
* [[Systematica]]
* [[Taxinomia]]
* [[Typus]]
* [[Typus generis]]
{{div col end}}

== Notae ==
<references/>

== Nexus externi ==
* ''[https://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants]'' (2018)
* ''[https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature/the-code-online/ International Code of Zoological Nomenclature]'' (1999/2012)
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/species "Species"] apud  (''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'')
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120717054258/http://www.barcodinglife.org/ "Barcoding of species."]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061211145046/http://www.finitesite.com/dandelion/Linnaeus.HTML "European Species Names in Linnaean, Czech, English, German and French,"]
* [http://www.catalogueoflife.org/ Catalogus Vitae,]
* [http://visualtaxa.redgolpe.com/ Species.]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160613040040/http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/S/Speciation.html Speciatio,]
;Commentarii interretiales:
*[http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VA2OtherSpeciesConcept.shtml "Other Species Concepts."] (''U. C. Berkeley'') {{Ling|Anglice}}
*[http://www.motherjones.com/news/feature/2007/05/gone.html "Gone", ''Mother Jones'', Maio/Iunio 2007,] {{Ling|Anglice}}
*[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2003/12/031231082553.htm "Working On The 'Porsche Of Its Time': New Model For Species Determination Offered," 31 Decembris 2003.] {{Ling|Anglice}}
*[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2003/08/030808081854.htm "Cross-Species Mating May Be Evolutionarily Important and Lead to Rapid Change," 8 Augusti 2003.] {{Ling|Anglice}}
*[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/01/040109064407.htm "Mayo Researchers Observe Genetic Fusion of Human, Animal Cells; May Help Explain Origin of AIDS," 9 Ianuarii 2004.] {{Ling|Anglice}}
*[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/09/000913211733.htm "Scientists Unravel Ancient Evolutionary History of Photosynthesis," 18 Septembris.] {{Ling|Anglice}}

{{Gradus taxinomici}}

[[Categoria:Species (taxinomia)|!]]
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