Джалалуддин әс-Суюти бетінің кодын көру

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''' Джалалуддин ас-Суюти''' ({{lang-ar|جلال الدين السيوطي}}) (c. 1445–1505) [[Мысыр]]лық мұсылман ғалымы.
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also known as Ibn al-Kutub (son of books) was an [[Egyptians|Egyptian]] writer, religious scholar, juristic expert and teacher whose works deal with a wide variety of subjects in [[Islam]]ic theology. He was precocious and was already a teacher in 1462. In 1486, he was appointed to a chair in the mosque of [[Baibars|Baybars]] in [[Cairo]]. He adhered to the [[Shafi'i]] Madhab and is one of the latter-day authorities of the Shafi'i School, considered to be one of the Ashabun-Nazzar (Assessors) whose degree of ''[[Ijtihad]]'' is agreed upon.

==Biography==
===Name, lineage and birth===
His full name was Abu al-Fadl 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr, Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti. Al-Suyuti is an ascription to a town in Upper [[Egypt]] called [[Asyut]]. One of his grandfathers built a school there and donated money to it. His father, Al-Kamaal, was born there in Asyut, so that is why Jalàl al-Din ascribes himself to that town. Both his grandfathers were men of leadership and prestige and his father was a Jurist of the [[Shafi'i]] [[Madhhab]], as Al-Suyuti stated in ''Husn-ul-Muhaadarah''. When his father died, Al-Kamaal Ibn Al-Hamaam, a [[Hanafi]] jurist, was one of the people that his father left Al-Suyuti entrusted to.

He was born in the [[month]] of [[Rajab]] 849H [1445 AD] in [[Cairo]] ([[Egypt]]), and was raised as an [[orphan]] after his father died while he was only 5 years old. He [[Hafiz (Quran)|memorized the entire Qur'an]] when he was barely eight. Then he went on to memorize [[Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi|''Al-Umdah'']] and ''Minhaaj Al-Fiqh wal-Usool'' and ''Alfiyyah Ibn Malik''. He began to engross himself in religious knowledge starting from 864H, at the age of 15.
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===Білімі===
Араб ғалымдарынан [[Фиқһ]] және [[Араб тілі емлесі]]н үйренді.
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 from a large number of teachers. He studied the laws of [[inheritance]] at the hands of the great scholar, who was the most knowledgeable in this subject during his time, Shaikh Shihaab-ud-Deen Al-Shaar Masaahee, who lived to a very old age. He studied his explanation of ''Al-Majmoo'' under him.I

He accompanied 'Ilm al-Din al-Balqini  studying [[Fiqh]] under him until he died. Ilm-ud-Deen Al-Balqeenee, authorized him to teach and give [[fatwa]] in 876H. Likewise, he accompanied Shaikh Sharaf-ud-Deen Al-Manaawee and benefited from him in the fields of [[Fiqh]] and [[Tafsir]].

Al-Suyuti moved on to study under Al-Manawee after the death of Ilm-ud-Deen Al-Balqeenee in 878H. Ironically, Sharaf Al-Deen Al-Manaawee was the grandfather of Abdur-Ra'oof Al-Manaawee, the scholar who wrote the work ''Faid-ul-Qadeer'', which was an explanation of As-Suyuti's ''Al-Jaami'-us-Sagheer''.

He studied the sciences of [[Hadith]] and the [[Arabic language]] under the Imam, Taqee-ud-Deen Al-Shumnee Al-Hanafi, who wrote some eulogies for him. He also attended the gatherings of the great scholar, Al-Kaafeejee, for the length of fourteen years and learned from him the subjects of [[Tafsir]], [[Usul al-fiqh]], and ''Ma'aanee''. And he received [[ijazah]], religious authorization, from him. He also benefited from the classes of Saif-ud-Deen Al-[[Hanafi]] on [[Tafsir]] and ''Balaghah'', eloquence.

The number of teachers from whom he received [[ijazah]], religious authorization, studied under and heard from reaches one hundred and fifty [[shaykhs]], as has been compiled by both himself and his student after him, Al-Dawudi, who arranged them in alphabetical order.

In his book ''Husn-ul-Muhaadarah'', Al-Suyuti gives the number of teachers who narrated to him from those he heard from and those who gave him the [[ijazah]], saying: "As for my teachers who narrated to me, whom I heard from and who gave me the religious authorization, [[ijazah]], then they are many. I have mentioned them in the lexicon I have compiled about them, and I counted them to number about 150."

As-Suyuti traveled to [[Sham]], [[Hijaz]], [[Yemen]], [[India]] and [[Morocco]], and settled down towards the end of his life in his homeland of [[Egypt]].

===Death===
Al-Suyuti withdrew from the people and remained in his house, busying himself with knowledge, research and writing until he caught a sickness that lasted for seven days, ending in his death. This happened in [[Jumada al-awwal]], 911 AH.

==Career==
Al-Suyuti held various positions in his lifetime such as that of teacher of the [[Arabic language]] in 866H, he was authorized to give [[fatwa]] in 876H and he taught and dictated [[hadith]] at the [[University]] of Ibn Tuloon.

He was a prolific writer, and a well-known author of the latter times. He has left behind at least a book in every branch of Islamic science that include both short monographs of few pages and tomes spanning volumes. Some of his books are also first of their kind – and standards for those that were written after. Many of his books are published; they are easily and widely available.

The first book he wrote was ''Sharh Al-Isti'aadha wal-Basmalah'' in 866H, when he was seventeen years old.

Ibn Ímād writes: "Most of his works become world famous right in his lifetime. His ability to write was phenomenal. His student Dawudi says: "I was with the Shaykh Suyuti once, and he wrote three volumes on that day. He used to dictate annotations on ĥadīth, and answer my objections at the same time. He was the most knowledgeable scholar in his time of the ĥadīth and associated sciences, knowledge of the narrators including the uncommon ones, the text of the hadith [[matn]], its chain of narrators [[isnad]], the derivation of ruling from [[hadith]]. He has himself told me, that he had memorized  One Hundred Thousand [[hadith]]."[23]

In his lifetime, Suyuti claimed to have reached a level of independent reasoning in the derivation of jurisprudence (mujtahid), which caused much controversy in the scholarly factions in his days. He was criticized and maligned by some scholars of his time because of this claim of his which was misunderstood by most. Among these scholars was [[Al-Sakhawi]] (one of the foremost students of [[Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani]]), who had also been his teacher. It is said that one of the reasons for his spending the last 20 years of his life in seclusion was his sadness over the scholars' reactions to his claims. 
===Students===
The most famous of Al-Suyuti's students and it is possible to say the most outstanding student of As-Suyuti was the Imam, the historian, Al-Dawudi (died 945H) – author of the book [[Tafsir|''Tabaqaat Al-Mufassireen'']] and other works. Then there was his other student, the famous historian, Ibn Iyaas, author of the book ''Badaa'i-uz-Zuhoor'' (died 930H).

Some other of his students were the Imam, the Haafidh Ibn Tuloon Al-[[Hanafi]] (died 935H), author of the three ''Fahaaris'', indexes as well as many other works and the Imam Al-Sha'raanee, author of the book ''Al-Tabaqaat'' (died 973H), Imam Abdul Qadir Shadhili, who listed his books and read their names before him, some months prior to his death, Imam Hussam-ud-din Ali Muttaqi al Hindi, who is the celebrated author of the huge hadith compendium called ''Kanz ul Ummal'' and many others.
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==Еңбектері==

* ''әл-Итқāн фи ‘Улум әл-Құр’ан'' (ағылшын тіліне аудармасы: ''The Perfect Guide to the Sciencs of the Qur'an, ISBN 9781859642412)
*''Тафсир әл-Джалайн'' (Арабша:تفسير الجلالين)
*''әл-Джаами' әл-Кабир'' (Арабша: الجامع الكبير)
*''әл-Джаами' әл-Сағир'' (Арабша: الجامع الصغير)
*''Дур әл-Масур'' (Арабша: درالمنثور) [[тафсир]]ы
*''Әлфияһ әл-Хадис'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/scienceofhadith/asa1.html  |title=USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts |publisher=Web.archive.org |date=2008-01-02 |accessdate=2010-03-18 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080102023930/http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/scienceofhadith/asa1.html |archivedate = 2008-01-02}}</ref>
*''Тафриб әл-Рауи'' (Арабша: تدريب الراوي) [[хадис]] терминологиясы жайында
* Халифтердің тарихы (Арабша:''Тарих әл-Хулафа'')
* Ізгі жолды ұстанған Халифтер (Арабша ''әл-Хулафаһ ар-Рашидун'')
*''Табақат әл-Һуффаз'' [[әл-Заһаби]]дің ''[[Тазкират әл-Һуффаз]]'' еңбегіне қосымша
* Нужат әл-Джуласāʼ фи ашʻāр әл-нисāʼ ({{lang-ar | نزهة الجلساء في أشعار النساء}})
*''Хасааис әл-Кубра'' Мұхаммад сау пайғамбардың мұғжизалары жазылған
*{{lang-ar|المزهر}} - ''әл-Мужир'' (лигвистика).

== Дереккөздер ==
<references/>

== Сыртқы сілтемелер ==
* {{cite encyclopedia | editor = Thomas Hockey et al | last = Dhanani | first = Alnoor | title=Suyūṭī: Abū al‐Faḍl ʿAbd al‐Raḥmān Jalāl al‐Dīn al‐Suyūṭī | encyclopedia = The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers | publisher = Springer | year = 2007 | location = New York | pages = 1112–3 | url=http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Suyuti_BEA.htm | isbn=978-0-387-31022-0}} ([http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Suyuti_BEA.pdf PDF version])
*http://www.freewebs.com/nooralemaan/
*http://www.sunniport.com/masabih/showthread.php?t=1842 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928001428/http://www.sunniport.com/masabih/showthread.php?t=1842 |date=2011-09-28 }}
*[http://www.sunniport.com/books/imam_jalaluddin_suyuti_v1.0.pdf Imam Suyuti Biography and Works at SunniPort] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928001418/http://www.sunniport.com/books/imam_jalaluddin_suyuti_v1.0.pdf |date=2011-09-28 }}

[[Санат:Ислам ғұламалары]]