The aim of this research is to achieve a high-quality and long-lasting laser marking of ammunitio... more The aim of this research is to achieve a high-quality and long-lasting laser marking of ammunition, which is of interest to the defense industry. The study is about the effects of speed, raster pitch and power on the roughness and microhardness of the marked areas of copper samples. The experiments were carried out with a fiber laser and a copper bromide laser—modern lasers widely used in industrial production. Laser power, scan speed and raster step were varied to determine their effects on the resulting microhardness and surface roughness. The lasers operate in different wavelength ranges, with the optical laser operating at 1064 nm in the near-infrared region and the copper bromide laser at 511 nm and 578 nm in the visible region, allowing the influence of wavelengths on the process to be investigated. The roughness and microhardness velocity dependence for three powers and two pulse durations for the fiber laser were obtained from the experimental data. The dependence of roughne...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The development of marking technologies for telecommunications connectors requires increasingly d... more The development of marking technologies for telecommunications connectors requires increasingly detailed information about their applications. One solution is to use QR codes that contain sufficient information about the connectors' applications. Accurate marking of connectors requires a precise marking system, such as a laser marking system. In this study, a Rofin PowerLine F20 Varia fiber laser was used to mark four different types of ABS plastic connectors in various colors. To achieve optimal marking for all four colors, three experiments were conducted to achieve contrasting marking and high roughness. Easy QR code reading was achieved with an average marking power of 3 W to 4.2 W, a laser marking speed of 300 mm/s to 500 mm/s, and a scanning frequency of 50 kHz to 70 kHz at a constant pulse duration of 8 ns and raster spacing of 50 µm. The microstructural changes and change in roughness were determined using a laser scanning microscope (Olympus OLS5000), which revealed str...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
This study examines the effect of pre-heat treatment on laser engraving of aspen thermowood. We u... more This study examines the effect of pre-heat treatment on laser engraving of aspen thermowood. We used an infrared CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10640 nm to engrave aspen thermowood samples with different pre-treatment temperatures, including one non-treated sample (base). The samples had a similar moisture content of about 6 - 8%, but exhibited different shades of brown depending on the pre-treatment temperature. The engraving depth and width were measured for each sample, and 8 graphs were constructed to analyze the results. Our findings show that pre-treatment temperature has a significant effect on the efficiency of laser engraving, with higher pre-treatment temperatures resulting in deeper engraving lines. The study provides valuable insights into the optimization of laser engraving parameters for aspen thermowood, and demonstrates the potential of pre-heat treatment to improve the quality of laser-engraved wooden products.
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The role of basic quantities influencing the process of laser raster marking of AISI 304 stainles... more The role of basic quantities influencing the process of laser raster marking of AISI 304 stainless steel products using a fiber laser was investigated. Some dependencies were found when changing the contrast of the marking when changing the parameters in wide intervals. As the raster step increases, a non-linear decrease in contrast occurs as the rate of contrast decrease. Regarding the influence of the speed on the contrast, it was found that as the speed increases, the contrast of the marking decreases non-linearly, and as the step increases, the speed of the contrast decrease also increases. Above 20 kHz, the frequency has relatively little influence on the contrast, as with increasing frequency the contrast slowly increases and the dependence is almost linear. The effective energy is strongly influenced by the contrast. At effective energy values below 18 kJ/cm2 the contrast of the marking is insufficient for visual perception of a good quality marking, but in the interval from ...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The paper presents results from studying the possibilities of digital layering technologies (DLP ... more The paper presents results from studying the possibilities of digital layering technologies (DLP SLA - Digital Light Projector Stereolithography) for construction of biomedical orthodontics devices (aligners). Experimental data on the mechanical and aesthetical properties (transparency) of the materials used has been studied in comparison with the conventional technologies for producing the aligners - Vacuum Forming (VF). The paper discuss the influence of the design of the devices (e.g. thickness) and technological parameters (e.g. stirring time) of the processes on the mechanical properties and orthodontics functionality of the materials as well as the quality and accuracy of the devices (models and functional prototypes for dental applications).
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Titanium Gr 2 is widely used in engineering and medicine due to its excellent mechanical and corr... more Titanium Gr 2 is widely used in engineering and medicine due to its excellent mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties. Laser marking is a crucial process for many applications that require high-contrast, durable markings. In this study, we used a Rofin PowerLine F 20 Varia fiber laser to mark titanium Gr 2 with a 6x6 matrix of 5x5 mm squares. We varied the speed (100-1100 mm/s), power (8-18 W), and frequency (100 and 500 kHz) of the laser marking process to investigate their effects on the surface roughness and contrast of the markings. We analyzed the markings using a laser scanning microscope and Adobe Photoshop software. Our results show that the contrast and roughness of the markings were influenced by the frequency, scanning speed, and power. High marking speeds produced lighter markings, while low marking speeds produced darker markings. We also found that the surface roughness increased with higher frequency and powers. Our findings provide valuable insights into the op...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The requirements for marking in terms of contrast and durability are constantly increasing. In or... more The requirements for marking in terms of contrast and durability are constantly increasing. In order to meet all these challenges, it is necessary to carry out research leading to the optimisation and increase in efficiency of the technological process of laser marking. In the case of aluminium, the contrast and durability of the marking depend on the values of the laser marking parameters. In order to determine the optimal laser marking method, experimental studies have been carried out, controlling the power, speed, frequency, pulse duration and line raster step for a specific anodised aluminium. The studies carried out were analysed and subsequently optimized to obtain a contrast marking. A Rofin PowerLine F 20 Varia fiber laser system and aluminium alloy 1050 with anodised surface were used for the research. The surface changes after the laser treatment were analysed using a laser scanning microscope and contrast determination method. The dependence of contrast and roughness on ...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Laser marking with a nanosecond fiber laser is one of the most common ways to permanently mark va... more Laser marking with a nanosecond fiber laser is one of the most common ways to permanently mark various engineering materials. The roughness of the machined surface and its observation is essential to evaluate the impact on the contrast of the marking as well. Experimental studies of the roughness obtained as a result of the laser marking, were inspected using a 3D measuring laser microscope OLYMPUS LEXT OLS5100. Analysis of the graphical dependence of the roughness function on the four process parameters: laser power, frequency, speed of marking and step.
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Marking of metal products is essential in many industrial processes. It is mandatory for the fini... more Marking of metal products is essential in many industrial processes. It is mandatory for the finished products according to regulations of the European and world legislation. Traditional marking usually creates contrasting symbols that can easily be erased and forged.In recent years, a new method for product identification has appeared - color marking. One of the advantages of this method is that it is difficult to counterfeit. This article aims to present the progress of color marking technology on two types of materials. Three groups of factors have been analyzed: the laser source; the technological process; material properties. Their role in obtaining a specific color marking on Ti and AISI 304 is shown. The results are presented in tables. Each color can be repeated only with strict observance of the three groups of factors.
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
In modern production, each finished product entering the market is identified by a special markin... more In modern production, each finished product entering the market is identified by a special marking. Each mark must meet requirements such as good coding, easy to see, easy to read by certain readers, stable over time, etc. In the present casting, laser marking of the C75 steel was carried out with a fiber laser with an average power of P = 30 W and a wavelength of λ = 1064 nm. For semi-contrast marking, marking speeds from 100 mm/s to 700 mm/s, average power from 10 to 30 W, raster pitch from 20 µm to 60 µm, scanning frequency from 20 kHz to 150 kHz were investigated as constant parameters are the pulse duration τ =100 ns, number of repetitions N = 1 and defocus Δ f = 0 mm. The influence of the changing parameters on the contrast was established, and experimental dependences were constructed. The achieved research results show that to obtain a high contrast mark, the average power should be above 20 W, the scanning speed up to 300 mm/s, the scanning frequency up to 50 kHz and the ra...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
In this scientific study, the ability to modify the surface using nanosecond 1064 nm fiber laser ... more In this scientific study, the ability to modify the surface using nanosecond 1064 nm fiber laser by controlling the speed and scanning line step in the marking process was demonstrated. An experimental matrix for laser marking was developed, consisting of 8 columns for marking line step and 5 rows for marking speed. The laser marked surfaces were measured using a laser scanning microscope and compared with the surface as supplied. From the obtained deviations of roughness Ra, Rz and Rq as a function of marking speed and marking line step, graphical dependencies were constructed for comparative analysis. The modified roughness is also compared with the roughness as supplied. Within this research the effect of laser treatment on the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the surface was studied as well. Plots of dependences of the contact angle CA, the marking line step Δx and the overlap coefficient Ksoc are plotted.
This research examines an approach for finding the optimal modes of laser treatment with CO2 lase... more This research examines an approach for finding the optimal modes of laser treatment with CO2 laser on advertisement boards made of aluminium composite panels. To achieve the optimal area of the processing mode, an experimental methodology has been developed and an experiment has been planned for finding the limits at the given parameters of the speed and power to obtain an optimisation model. The optimal results are obtained at speeds from 100 to 200 mm/s along the x and y operative axes, as well as the power limits from 5 to 7.5 W to obtain a clear and well-defined image. The defined theoretical mode, obtained because of multicriteria optimisation, is implemented in practice. It is defined as having the relatively best quality image obtained in the shortest time.
The present research summarises the influence of technological modes based on experimental studie... more The present research summarises the influence of technological modes based on experimental studies of steels BH11 and BH21 (BS 4659) for hot work in ion nitriding. The peculiarity is that one or several precisely defined modes are not fixed, but a group of parameters from the action of the considered technology in a planned experiment is studied. As a result, the technological modes of ion-nitrided steels are determined, corresponding to the minimal and maximal penetration of the counter-body in the nitrided layer. The obtained results are based on additional research related to microhardness and relative wear resistance. In this way a finished idea of the tribological properties of ion nitrided steels with a specialised purpose is obtained. The tools by which the problem is solved are design of experiments (DOE), modelling and single-criteria optimisation of controlled quantities. The main contribution of the paper is a formalised determination of the influence of the technological...
The paper contains results for wear in conditions of impact between a standard welded and tested ... more The paper contains results for wear in conditions of impact between a standard welded and tested specimen realized in the presence of a layer of abrasive particles trailing in the contact zone. It gives an idea about the specifics of this type of wear depending on the impact force and the particle size of the abrasive at various hardness achieved by hard-facing with alloys with different carbon equivalent and a degree of hardening of the layer after the test. Based on an experimental research it was proved that the impact-abrasive wear has its specific features expressed via respective graphical relations. The research was funded
The paper presents the characteristics of a modern software system for modeling and optimization ... more The paper presents the characteristics of a modern software system for modeling and optimization of technological processes MOTP_VTU. It outlines the possibilities also to use the system at the design stage. A comparative analysis is performed of three characteristics to apply the new software system MOTP_VTU related to a similar existing one – DSAT-16. via similar systems it is possible to expand the basis of constructions and of functional materials in low technological level during exploration of the set of properties of these materials. This process of realization of scientific and technical ideas is a process to search via multi criteria support of decision making between the project task and the actual possibility, determined by the chemical composition and the processing-mode parameters.
2021 Sixth Junior Conference on Lighting (Lighting), 2021
Nowadays, traceability, combined with stable and constant identification of industrial parts, is ... more Nowadays, traceability, combined with stable and constant identification of industrial parts, is becoming a crucial element of production processes. Laser marking of metal parts is a technology that shows many advantages compared to labeling, inkjet, or dot marking. The advantages include no consumables, faster cycle time, reliability and repeatability of the process, and stability of the markings. In this article, we aim to study the physics associated with the process of laser colour marking on stainless steel X5CrNi18-10 In a certain range of changes in the technological parameters of 20 W fiber laser. Different color characteristics of the surface are also discussed with regard to the laser parameters. The influence of the raster step, the relative speed of the laser beam, as well as the laser pulses frequency on the color marking process were studied. Test fields consisting of matrices of squares have been created. The laser marking is realized with different parameters for each square. Photographic material of the samples in the processing area is presented. A high-resolution metallographic microscope was used. A universal methodology was used to determine the saturation of the studied colors. Experimental studies were conducted several times in order to verify the repeatability of the results. The influence of the parameters of the laser process on the obtained concrete colour is analyzed and the results are summarized. Intervals of the parameters of processing under laser influence for obtaining a specific colour on this steel are also determined.
The aim of this research is to achieve a high-quality and long-lasting laser marking of ammunitio... more The aim of this research is to achieve a high-quality and long-lasting laser marking of ammunition, which is of interest to the defense industry. The study is about the effects of speed, raster pitch and power on the roughness and microhardness of the marked areas of copper samples. The experiments were carried out with a fiber laser and a copper bromide laser—modern lasers widely used in industrial production. Laser power, scan speed and raster step were varied to determine their effects on the resulting microhardness and surface roughness. The lasers operate in different wavelength ranges, with the optical laser operating at 1064 nm in the near-infrared region and the copper bromide laser at 511 nm and 578 nm in the visible region, allowing the influence of wavelengths on the process to be investigated. The roughness and microhardness velocity dependence for three powers and two pulse durations for the fiber laser were obtained from the experimental data. The dependence of roughne...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The development of marking technologies for telecommunications connectors requires increasingly d... more The development of marking technologies for telecommunications connectors requires increasingly detailed information about their applications. One solution is to use QR codes that contain sufficient information about the connectors' applications. Accurate marking of connectors requires a precise marking system, such as a laser marking system. In this study, a Rofin PowerLine F20 Varia fiber laser was used to mark four different types of ABS plastic connectors in various colors. To achieve optimal marking for all four colors, three experiments were conducted to achieve contrasting marking and high roughness. Easy QR code reading was achieved with an average marking power of 3 W to 4.2 W, a laser marking speed of 300 mm/s to 500 mm/s, and a scanning frequency of 50 kHz to 70 kHz at a constant pulse duration of 8 ns and raster spacing of 50 µm. The microstructural changes and change in roughness were determined using a laser scanning microscope (Olympus OLS5000), which revealed str...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
This study examines the effect of pre-heat treatment on laser engraving of aspen thermowood. We u... more This study examines the effect of pre-heat treatment on laser engraving of aspen thermowood. We used an infrared CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10640 nm to engrave aspen thermowood samples with different pre-treatment temperatures, including one non-treated sample (base). The samples had a similar moisture content of about 6 - 8%, but exhibited different shades of brown depending on the pre-treatment temperature. The engraving depth and width were measured for each sample, and 8 graphs were constructed to analyze the results. Our findings show that pre-treatment temperature has a significant effect on the efficiency of laser engraving, with higher pre-treatment temperatures resulting in deeper engraving lines. The study provides valuable insights into the optimization of laser engraving parameters for aspen thermowood, and demonstrates the potential of pre-heat treatment to improve the quality of laser-engraved wooden products.
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The role of basic quantities influencing the process of laser raster marking of AISI 304 stainles... more The role of basic quantities influencing the process of laser raster marking of AISI 304 stainless steel products using a fiber laser was investigated. Some dependencies were found when changing the contrast of the marking when changing the parameters in wide intervals. As the raster step increases, a non-linear decrease in contrast occurs as the rate of contrast decrease. Regarding the influence of the speed on the contrast, it was found that as the speed increases, the contrast of the marking decreases non-linearly, and as the step increases, the speed of the contrast decrease also increases. Above 20 kHz, the frequency has relatively little influence on the contrast, as with increasing frequency the contrast slowly increases and the dependence is almost linear. The effective energy is strongly influenced by the contrast. At effective energy values below 18 kJ/cm2 the contrast of the marking is insufficient for visual perception of a good quality marking, but in the interval from ...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The paper presents results from studying the possibilities of digital layering technologies (DLP ... more The paper presents results from studying the possibilities of digital layering technologies (DLP SLA - Digital Light Projector Stereolithography) for construction of biomedical orthodontics devices (aligners). Experimental data on the mechanical and aesthetical properties (transparency) of the materials used has been studied in comparison with the conventional technologies for producing the aligners - Vacuum Forming (VF). The paper discuss the influence of the design of the devices (e.g. thickness) and technological parameters (e.g. stirring time) of the processes on the mechanical properties and orthodontics functionality of the materials as well as the quality and accuracy of the devices (models and functional prototypes for dental applications).
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Titanium Gr 2 is widely used in engineering and medicine due to its excellent mechanical and corr... more Titanium Gr 2 is widely used in engineering and medicine due to its excellent mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties. Laser marking is a crucial process for many applications that require high-contrast, durable markings. In this study, we used a Rofin PowerLine F 20 Varia fiber laser to mark titanium Gr 2 with a 6x6 matrix of 5x5 mm squares. We varied the speed (100-1100 mm/s), power (8-18 W), and frequency (100 and 500 kHz) of the laser marking process to investigate their effects on the surface roughness and contrast of the markings. We analyzed the markings using a laser scanning microscope and Adobe Photoshop software. Our results show that the contrast and roughness of the markings were influenced by the frequency, scanning speed, and power. High marking speeds produced lighter markings, while low marking speeds produced darker markings. We also found that the surface roughness increased with higher frequency and powers. Our findings provide valuable insights into the op...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The requirements for marking in terms of contrast and durability are constantly increasing. In or... more The requirements for marking in terms of contrast and durability are constantly increasing. In order to meet all these challenges, it is necessary to carry out research leading to the optimisation and increase in efficiency of the technological process of laser marking. In the case of aluminium, the contrast and durability of the marking depend on the values of the laser marking parameters. In order to determine the optimal laser marking method, experimental studies have been carried out, controlling the power, speed, frequency, pulse duration and line raster step for a specific anodised aluminium. The studies carried out were analysed and subsequently optimized to obtain a contrast marking. A Rofin PowerLine F 20 Varia fiber laser system and aluminium alloy 1050 with anodised surface were used for the research. The surface changes after the laser treatment were analysed using a laser scanning microscope and contrast determination method. The dependence of contrast and roughness on ...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Laser marking with a nanosecond fiber laser is one of the most common ways to permanently mark va... more Laser marking with a nanosecond fiber laser is one of the most common ways to permanently mark various engineering materials. The roughness of the machined surface and its observation is essential to evaluate the impact on the contrast of the marking as well. Experimental studies of the roughness obtained as a result of the laser marking, were inspected using a 3D measuring laser microscope OLYMPUS LEXT OLS5100. Analysis of the graphical dependence of the roughness function on the four process parameters: laser power, frequency, speed of marking and step.
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
Marking of metal products is essential in many industrial processes. It is mandatory for the fini... more Marking of metal products is essential in many industrial processes. It is mandatory for the finished products according to regulations of the European and world legislation. Traditional marking usually creates contrasting symbols that can easily be erased and forged.In recent years, a new method for product identification has appeared - color marking. One of the advantages of this method is that it is difficult to counterfeit. This article aims to present the progress of color marking technology on two types of materials. Three groups of factors have been analyzed: the laser source; the technological process; material properties. Their role in obtaining a specific color marking on Ti and AISI 304 is shown. The results are presented in tables. Each color can be repeated only with strict observance of the three groups of factors.
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
In modern production, each finished product entering the market is identified by a special markin... more In modern production, each finished product entering the market is identified by a special marking. Each mark must meet requirements such as good coding, easy to see, easy to read by certain readers, stable over time, etc. In the present casting, laser marking of the C75 steel was carried out with a fiber laser with an average power of P = 30 W and a wavelength of λ = 1064 nm. For semi-contrast marking, marking speeds from 100 mm/s to 700 mm/s, average power from 10 to 30 W, raster pitch from 20 µm to 60 µm, scanning frequency from 20 kHz to 150 kHz were investigated as constant parameters are the pulse duration τ =100 ns, number of repetitions N = 1 and defocus Δ f = 0 mm. The influence of the changing parameters on the contrast was established, and experimental dependences were constructed. The achieved research results show that to obtain a high contrast mark, the average power should be above 20 W, the scanning speed up to 300 mm/s, the scanning frequency up to 50 kHz and the ra...
ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
In this scientific study, the ability to modify the surface using nanosecond 1064 nm fiber laser ... more In this scientific study, the ability to modify the surface using nanosecond 1064 nm fiber laser by controlling the speed and scanning line step in the marking process was demonstrated. An experimental matrix for laser marking was developed, consisting of 8 columns for marking line step and 5 rows for marking speed. The laser marked surfaces were measured using a laser scanning microscope and compared with the surface as supplied. From the obtained deviations of roughness Ra, Rz and Rq as a function of marking speed and marking line step, graphical dependencies were constructed for comparative analysis. The modified roughness is also compared with the roughness as supplied. Within this research the effect of laser treatment on the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the surface was studied as well. Plots of dependences of the contact angle CA, the marking line step Δx and the overlap coefficient Ksoc are plotted.
This research examines an approach for finding the optimal modes of laser treatment with CO2 lase... more This research examines an approach for finding the optimal modes of laser treatment with CO2 laser on advertisement boards made of aluminium composite panels. To achieve the optimal area of the processing mode, an experimental methodology has been developed and an experiment has been planned for finding the limits at the given parameters of the speed and power to obtain an optimisation model. The optimal results are obtained at speeds from 100 to 200 mm/s along the x and y operative axes, as well as the power limits from 5 to 7.5 W to obtain a clear and well-defined image. The defined theoretical mode, obtained because of multicriteria optimisation, is implemented in practice. It is defined as having the relatively best quality image obtained in the shortest time.
The present research summarises the influence of technological modes based on experimental studie... more The present research summarises the influence of technological modes based on experimental studies of steels BH11 and BH21 (BS 4659) for hot work in ion nitriding. The peculiarity is that one or several precisely defined modes are not fixed, but a group of parameters from the action of the considered technology in a planned experiment is studied. As a result, the technological modes of ion-nitrided steels are determined, corresponding to the minimal and maximal penetration of the counter-body in the nitrided layer. The obtained results are based on additional research related to microhardness and relative wear resistance. In this way a finished idea of the tribological properties of ion nitrided steels with a specialised purpose is obtained. The tools by which the problem is solved are design of experiments (DOE), modelling and single-criteria optimisation of controlled quantities. The main contribution of the paper is a formalised determination of the influence of the technological...
The paper contains results for wear in conditions of impact between a standard welded and tested ... more The paper contains results for wear in conditions of impact between a standard welded and tested specimen realized in the presence of a layer of abrasive particles trailing in the contact zone. It gives an idea about the specifics of this type of wear depending on the impact force and the particle size of the abrasive at various hardness achieved by hard-facing with alloys with different carbon equivalent and a degree of hardening of the layer after the test. Based on an experimental research it was proved that the impact-abrasive wear has its specific features expressed via respective graphical relations. The research was funded
The paper presents the characteristics of a modern software system for modeling and optimization ... more The paper presents the characteristics of a modern software system for modeling and optimization of technological processes MOTP_VTU. It outlines the possibilities also to use the system at the design stage. A comparative analysis is performed of three characteristics to apply the new software system MOTP_VTU related to a similar existing one – DSAT-16. via similar systems it is possible to expand the basis of constructions and of functional materials in low technological level during exploration of the set of properties of these materials. This process of realization of scientific and technical ideas is a process to search via multi criteria support of decision making between the project task and the actual possibility, determined by the chemical composition and the processing-mode parameters.
2021 Sixth Junior Conference on Lighting (Lighting), 2021
Nowadays, traceability, combined with stable and constant identification of industrial parts, is ... more Nowadays, traceability, combined with stable and constant identification of industrial parts, is becoming a crucial element of production processes. Laser marking of metal parts is a technology that shows many advantages compared to labeling, inkjet, or dot marking. The advantages include no consumables, faster cycle time, reliability and repeatability of the process, and stability of the markings. In this article, we aim to study the physics associated with the process of laser colour marking on stainless steel X5CrNi18-10 In a certain range of changes in the technological parameters of 20 W fiber laser. Different color characteristics of the surface are also discussed with regard to the laser parameters. The influence of the raster step, the relative speed of the laser beam, as well as the laser pulses frequency on the color marking process were studied. Test fields consisting of matrices of squares have been created. The laser marking is realized with different parameters for each square. Photographic material of the samples in the processing area is presented. A high-resolution metallographic microscope was used. A universal methodology was used to determine the saturation of the studied colors. Experimental studies were conducted several times in order to verify the repeatability of the results. The influence of the parameters of the laser process on the obtained concrete colour is analyzed and the results are summarized. Intervals of the parameters of processing under laser influence for obtaining a specific colour on this steel are also determined.
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