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{{Infobox President
{{Infobox President
| name =Ivan Gašparovič
|name = Ivan Gašparovič
| image =Ivan Gašparovič.jpg
|image = Ivan Gašparovič.jpg
| order =[[Presiden Slowakia]] Ke-3
|order = [[Presiden Slowakia]] Ke-3
| term_start =[[15 Juni]] [[2004]]
|term_start = [[15 Juni]] [[2004]]
| term_end=Sekarang
|term_end = [[15 Juni]] [[2014]]
|primeminister= [[Mikuláš Dzurinda]]<br>[[Robert Fico]]<br>[[Iveta Radičová]]<br>[[Robert Fico]]
| prime_minister=
| predecessor =[[Rudolf Schuster]]
|predecessor = [[Rudolf Schuster]]
| successor =Sedang Menjabat
|successor = [[Andrej Kiska]]
| birth_date ={{birth date and age|1941|3|27}}
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1941|3|27}}
| birth_place =[[Poltár]], [[Cekoslowakia]] {{br}} Kemudian menjadi [[Slowakia]]
|birth_place = [[Poltár]], [[Cekoslowakia]] <br /> Kemudian menjadi [[Slowakia]]
| spouse =[[Silvia Gašparovičová|Silvia Beníková]]
|spouse = [[Silvia Gašparovičová|Silvia Beníková]]
| party =[[Movement for Democracy (Slovakia)|Movement for Democracy]]
|party = [[Gerakan untuk Demokrasi (Slowakia)|Gerakan untuk Demokrasi]]
}}
}}
'''Ivan Gašparovič''' ({{lahirmati|[[Poltár]], [[Cekoslowakia]] (kini wilayah [[Slowakia]])|27|3|1941}}) adalah politisi dan profesor hukum [[Slowakia]] serta [[Presiden Slowakia]] periode [[2004]]-[[2014]].


Gašparovič lahir di [[Poltár]], dekat [[Lucenec]] dan [[Banska Bystrica]] di selatan pusat [[Slowakia]]. Ayahnya (Vladimir Gašparović), bermigrasi ke Slowakia dari [[Kroasia]] saat berakhirnya [[Perang Dunia I]] dan menjadi guru di sebuah sekolah di [[Bratislava]] kemudian menjadi kepala sekolahnya.
'''Ivan Gašparovič''' ({{lahirmati||27|3|1941}}) adalah politisi dan profesor hukum [[Slowakia]] serta [[Presiden Slowakia]] sejak [[15 Juni]] [[2004]].


Gašparovič mengikuti pendidikan di [[fakultas hukum]] [[Universitas Comenius]] di Bratislava, yang merupakan universitas pusat di [[Slowakia]], dari [[1959]] hingga [[1964]]. Kemudian ia bekerja di kantor jaksa distrik di distrik [[Martin, Slowakia|Martin]] ([[1965]]-[[1966]]), dan menjadi [[jaksa]] di kantor jaksa daerah Bratislava ([[1966]]-[[1968]]). Pada [[1968]], ia bergabung dengan [[Partai Komunis Slowakia]] untuk mendukung gerakan reformasi pimpinan [[Alexander Dubček]], tetapi kemudian meninggalkan partai sehubungan dengan invasi [[Pakta Warsawa]] ke [[Cekoslowakia]] pada Agustus [[1968]].<!-- Harap disembunyikan bagian yang belum akan diterjemahkan. Terima kasih.
Gašparovič lahir di [[Poltár]], dekat [[Lucenec]] dan [[Banska Bystrica]] di selatan pusat Slowakia. Ayahnya (Vladimir Gašparović), bermigrasi ke Slowakia dari [[Kroasia]] saat berakhirnya [[Perang Dunia I]] dan menjadi guru di sebuah sekolah di [[Bratislava]] kemudian menjadi kepala sekolahnya.


In spite of the communist party expulsion Gašparovič was able to continue his legal carrer and from [[1968]] to July [[1990]] Gašparovič was a teacher at the Department of Criminal Law, Criminology and Criminological Practice at the Law Faculty of the Comenius University in Bratislava. In February [[1990]] he became the prorector (vice-chancellor) of Comenius University.
Gašparovič mengikuti pendidikan di fakultas hukum [[Universitas Comenius]] di Bratislava, yang merupakan universitas pusat di Slowakia, dari [[1959]] hingga [[1964]]. Kemudian ia bekerja di kantor jaksa distrik di distrik [[Martin, Slowakia|Martin]] ([[1965]]-[[1966]]), dan menjadi [[jaksa]] di kantor jaksa daerah Bratislava ([[1966]]-[[1968]]). Pada [[1968]], ia bergabung dengan [[Partai Komunis Slowakia]] untuk mendukung gerakan reformasi pimpinan [[Alexander Dubček]], tetapi kemudian meninggalkan partai sehubungan dengan invasi [[Pakta Warsawa]] ke [[Cekoslowakia]] pada Agustus [[1968]].


After the fall of the Communist regime through the [[Velvet Revolution]] he was chosen by [[Václav Havel]] to become prosecutor-general of [[Czechoslovakia]] based in [[Prague]], from July [[1990]] to March [[1992]], which was a period of political tensions of Czechoslovakia. After March [[1992]], he was briefly Vice-President of the Legislative Council of [[Czechoslovakia]], before Czechoslovakia ceased to exist in January [[1993]]. He was also temporarily again a teacher at the Comenius University Law Faculty. He was a member of the Scientific Council of the Comenius University and of the Scientific Council of the Law Faculty of that university. In late [[1992]], he was one of the authors of the [[Constitution of Slowakia]].
<!-- Harap disembunyikan bagian yang belum akan diterjemahkan. Terima kasih.


In [[1992]] Gašparovič joined the party [[Movement for a Democratic Slowakia]] (HZDS), led by the controversial [[Vladimír Mečiar]]. Gašparovič was one of the central figures of the prime minister Mečiar's administration that was perceived as authoritarian and involved in missmanaged privatization of numerous state-held companies by its opponents. The HZDS was in permanent conflict with the president since 1993, but especially after 1995, because it considered the president one of the initiators of the deposition of Vladimír Mečiar in March 1994 (he was reelected in the automn elections in the same year). The then government/secret service was also accused of having kidnapped the son of the then president Michal Kováč and brought him in front of a police station in Austria (the son was accused of financial crimes in Germany). One of Gašaparovič's most famous comments from about that period was his reference to president Kováč: Not knowing that the micros are still on, he seems to have referred to him "starý chuj" (old pick), but another phonetical interpretation, claimed by himself, can be "starý ujo" (old Mister/uncle). The West generally perceived the then regime as untrustworthy and the country was excluded from the EU and NATO expansion talks that went on at the time at the neighbouring central European countries.
In spite of the communist party expulsion Gašparovič was able to continue his legal carrer and from [[1968]] to July [[1990]] Gašparovič was a teacher at the Department of Criminal Law, Criminology and Criminological Practice at the Law Faculty of the Comenius University in Bratislava. In February [[1990]] he became the prorector (vice-chancellor) of Comenius University.

After the fall of the Communist regime through the [[Velvet Revolution]] he was chosen by [[Václav Havel]] to become prosecutor-general of [[Czechoslovakia]] based in [[Prague]], from July [[1990]] to March [[1992]], which was a period of political tensions of Czechoslovakia. After March [[1992]], he was briefly Vice-President of the Legislative Council of [[Czechoslovakia]], before Czechoslovakia ceased to exist in January [[1993]]. He was also temporarily again a teacher at the Comenius University Law Faculty. He was a member of the Scientific Council of the Comenius University and of the Scientific Council of the Law Faculty of that university. In late [[1992]], he was one of the authors of the [[Constitution of Slovakia]].

In [[1992]] Gašparovič joined the party [[Movement for a Democratic Slovakia]] (HZDS), led by the controversial [[Vladimír Mečiar]]. Gašparovič was one of the central figures of the prime minister Mečiar's administration that was perceived as authoritarian and involved in missmanaged privatization of numerous state-held companies by its opponents. The HZDS was in permanent conflict with the president since 1993, but especially after 1995, because it considered the president one of the initiators of the deposition of Vladimír Mečiar in March 1994 (he was reelected in the automn elections in the same year). The then government/secret service was also accused of having kidnapped the son of the then president Michal Kováč and brought him in front of a police station in Austria (the son was accused of financial crimes in Germany). One of Gašaparovič's most famous comments from about that period was his reference to president Kováč: Not knowing that the micros are still on, he seems to have referred to him "starý chuj" (old pick), but another phonetical interpretation, claimed by himself, can be "starý ujo" (old Mister/uncle). The West generally perceived the then regime as untrustworthy and the country was excluded from the EU and NATO expansion talks that went on at the time at the neighbouring central European countries.


From October [[1998]] to 15 July [[2002]], when his HZDS was an opposition party, Gašparovič was a member of the parliamentary Committee for the Supervision of the [[SIS]] (the Slovak equivalent of [[CIA]]). He was also a member of the delegation of the Slovak parliament in the Interparliamentary Union.
From October [[1998]] to 15 July [[2002]], when his HZDS was an opposition party, Gašparovič was a member of the parliamentary Committee for the Supervision of the [[SIS]] (the Slovak equivalent of [[CIA]]). He was also a member of the delegation of the Slovak parliament in the Interparliamentary Union.
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In July 2002 after four years in opposition Gašparovič left the HZDS after Mečiar decided not to include him and some other HZDS members on the ballot for the upcoming elections. Gašparovič along with the other members immediately (on July 12) founded a new party, the HZD, a name bearing a close resemblance to his former HZDS. The reason were internal disputes within the party, or as Gašparovič puts it, a "protest against the undemocratic way the party is led by Vladimír Mečiar." In the September [[2002]] elections his party polled 3.3 percent, not enough to win seats in the parliament. After the elections, Gašparovič returned to the Law Faculty of the Comenius University and wrote several university textbooks as well as working papers and studies on criminal law.
In July 2002 after four years in opposition Gašparovič left the HZDS after Mečiar decided not to include him and some other HZDS members on the ballot for the upcoming elections. Gašparovič along with the other members immediately (on July 12) founded a new party, the HZD, a name bearing a close resemblance to his former HZDS. The reason were internal disputes within the party, or as Gašparovič puts it, a "protest against the undemocratic way the party is led by Vladimír Mečiar." In the September [[2002]] elections his party polled 3.3 percent, not enough to win seats in the parliament. After the elections, Gašparovič returned to the Law Faculty of the Comenius University and wrote several university textbooks as well as working papers and studies on criminal law.


In April [[2004]] Gašparovič decided to run for presidency against Vladimír Mečiar and the then coalition's candidate [[Eduard Kukan]]. In an unexpected turn of events the perceived underdog Gašparovič received the second highest amount of votes and moved on into the second round, once again facing Mečiar. The main factor for the Gašparovič's first round success was the low turnout of the frontrunner's Kukan electorate, as Kukan was generally considered to be a sure bet for the second round. In other words, the majority of the population viewed the first round as a formality, and was saving their effort for the second round to keep Mečiar at bay. Hence for the (potential) Eduard Kukan voters the second round of the presidetial election ultimately posed a shocking and an uneasy choice between two representatives of the past regime. Ultimatelly, Gašparovič, regarded by some Mečiar opponents as the "lesser evil", was elected as the president (see [[Slovakia presidential election, 2004]]).
In April [[2004]] Gašparovič decided to run for presidency against Vladimír Mečiar and the then coalition's candidate [[Eduard Kukan]]. In an unexpected turn of events the perceived underdog Gašparovič received the second highest amount of votes and moved on into the second round, once again facing Mečiar. The main factor for the Gašparovič's first round success was the low turnout of the frontrunner's Kukan electorate, as Kukan was generally considered to be a sure bet for the second round. In other words, the majority of the population viewed the first round as a formality, and was saving their effort for the second round to keep Mečiar at bay. Hence for the (potential) Eduard Kukan voters the second round of the presidetial election ultimately posed a shocking and an uneasy choice between two representatives of the past regime. Ultimatelly, Gašparovič, regarded by some Mečiar opponents as the "lesser evil", was elected as the president (see [[Slowakia presidential election, 2004]]).


Gašparovič's toned down and non-confrontational approach to presidency has increased his popularity with many voters, and he is a generally popular president now.-->
Gašparovič's toned down and non-confrontational approach to presidency has increased his popularity with many voters, and he is a generally popular president now.-->
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== Pranala luar ==
== Pranala luar ==
* {{en}} [http://www.prezident.sk/?introduction Situs kepresidenan]
* {{en}} [http://www.prezident.sk/?introduction Situs kepresidenan]
* {{sk}} [http://www.gasparovic.sk/cv.html Situs kampanye]
* {{sk}} [http://www.gasparovic.sk/cv.html Situs kampanye] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040405184607/http://www.gasparovic.sk/cv.html |date=2004-04-05 }}


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{{succession box|title=[[Presiden Slowakia]]|before=[[Rudolf Schuster]]|after=masih menjabat|years=2004-}}
{{succession box|title=[[Daftar Presiden Slowakia|Presiden Slowakia]]|before=[[Rudolf Schuster]]|after=[[Andrej Kiska]]|years=2004—2014}}
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{{Presiden Slowakia}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Gasparovic, Ivan}}
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[[Kategori:Presiden Slowakia]]
[[Kategori:Presiden Slowakia]]



[[ar:إيفان غاشباروفيتش]]
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[[ba:Иван Гашпарович]]
[[bs:Ivan Gašparovič]]
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[[el:Ιβάν Γκασπάροβιτς]]
[[en:Ivan Gašparovič]]
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[[fa:ایوان گاشپاروویچ]]
[[fi:Ivan Gašparovič]]
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[[ja:イヴァン・ガシュパロヴィッチ]]
[[ka:ივან გაშპაროვიჩი]]
[[ko:이반 가슈파로비치]]
[[lb:Ivan Gašparovič]]
[[mr:इव्हान गास्पारोविच]]
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[[no:Ivan Gašparovič]]
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[[pt:Ivan Gašparovič]]
[[ru:Гашпарович, Иван]]
[[sh:Ivan Gašparovič]]
[[sk:Ivan Gašparovič]]
[[sr:Иван Гашпарович]]
[[sv:Ivan Gašparovič]]
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[[uk:Іван Гашпарович]]
[[vi:Ivan Gašparovič]]
[[yo:Ivan Gašparovič]]
[[zh:伊万·加什帕罗维奇]]

Revisi terkini sejak 30 November 2022 06.58

Ivan Gašparovič
Presiden Slowakia Ke-3
Masa jabatan
15 Juni 2004 – 15 Juni 2014
Perdana MenteriMikuláš Dzurinda
Robert Fico
Iveta Radičová
Robert Fico
Sebelum
Pengganti
Andrej Kiska
Sebelum
Informasi pribadi
Lahir27 Maret 1941 (umur 83)
Poltár, Cekoslowakia
Kemudian menjadi Slowakia
Partai politikGerakan untuk Demokrasi
Suami/istriSilvia Beníková
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • L • B
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini

Ivan Gašparovič (lahir 27 Maret 1941) adalah politisi dan profesor hukum Slowakia serta Presiden Slowakia periode 2004-2014.

Gašparovič lahir di Poltár, dekat Lucenec dan Banska Bystrica di selatan pusat Slowakia. Ayahnya (Vladimir Gašparović), bermigrasi ke Slowakia dari Kroasia saat berakhirnya Perang Dunia I dan menjadi guru di sebuah sekolah di Bratislava kemudian menjadi kepala sekolahnya.

Gašparovič mengikuti pendidikan di fakultas hukum Universitas Comenius di Bratislava, yang merupakan universitas pusat di Slowakia, dari 1959 hingga 1964. Kemudian ia bekerja di kantor jaksa distrik di distrik Martin (1965-1966), dan menjadi jaksa di kantor jaksa daerah Bratislava (1966-1968). Pada 1968, ia bergabung dengan Partai Komunis Slowakia untuk mendukung gerakan reformasi pimpinan Alexander Dubček, tetapi kemudian meninggalkan partai sehubungan dengan invasi Pakta Warsawa ke Cekoslowakia pada Agustus 1968.

Kehidupan pribadi

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pada 1964, Gašparovič menikah dengan Silvia Beníková dan dikaruniai dua anak. Dalam kehidupan pribadinya, ia menyukai olahraga balap motor dan hoki es. Ia menjadi salah satu pemimpin klub hoki Slovan ChZJD (kini HC Slovan Bratislava). Ia juga wakil presiden Komisi Internasional Uni Hoki Es Cekoslowakia dan wakil presiden olahraga tim hoki unit Slovan Bratislava.

Lihat pula

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pranala luar

[sunting | sunting sumber]
Jabatan politik
Didahului oleh:
Rudolf Schuster
Presiden Slowakia
2004—2014
Diteruskan oleh:
Andrej Kiska