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Serangan oposisi Suriah (2024)

perang saudara yang sedang berlangsung di Suriah
(Dialihkan dari Serangan Suriah Barat Laut (2024))

Pada tanggal 27 November 2024, koalisi kelompok oposisi Suriah yang disebut Komando Operasi Militer[23] yang dipimpin oleh Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) dan kelompok sekutu yang didukung Turki[24][25] di Tentara Nasional Suriah melancarkan serangan terhadap pasukan Tentara Arab Suriah (SAA) yang pro-pemerintah di Kegubernuran Aleppo, Hama dan Idlib di Suriah. Operasi tersebut diberi nama sandi Pencegahan Agresi oleh HTS dan dinyatakan diluncurkan sebagai pembalasan atas meningkatnya penembakan SAA terhadap warga sipil di pedesaan Aleppo Barat.[26] Ini adalah pertama kalinya pasukan oposisi dalam Perang Saudara Suriah melancarkan kampanye ofensif militer sejak gencatan senjata di Idlib pada Maret 2020.[27][28]

Serangan oposisi Suriah (2024)
Bagian dari Perang Saudara Suriah

  Dikendalikan oleh Republik Arab Suriah
  Dikendalikan oleh Oposisi Suriah
  Dikendalikan oleh Pasukan Demokratik Suriah
  Dikendalikan oleh Pasukan Pertahanan Israel
Tanggal27 November 2024 – sekarang
(1 bulan)
LokasiSuriah
Status
  • Kemenangan oposisi
Perubahan
wilayah
Pihak terlibat

Pemerintah Sementara Suriah

Tentara Nasional Suriah

 Suriah

 Rusia[3][4]

 Iran

Rojava[7] (sejak 30 November)

Tokoh dan pemimpin
Abu Mohammad al-Julani

Suriah Mayjen. Suhayl al-Hasan[13]
Iran Brigjen. Kioumars Pourhashemi †[14]

Mazloum Abdi
Korban
 Suriah 220 terbunuh[16], 21 ditangkap[18][19]
25 milisi pro-Iran terbunuh[16]
Iran 1 terbunuh[15][6]
Rusia 1+ terbunuh
3 terbunuh, beberapa ditangkap[20][21]
111 warga sipil terbunuh [a]
280.000 warga sipil mengungsi[22]

Pada tanggal 29 November 2024, HTS dan Pasukan Demokratik Suriah memasuki Aleppo dan merebut sebagian besar kota, di tengah runtuhnya pasukan pro-pemerintah. Keesokan harinya, pasukan oposisi membuat kemajuan pesat, merebut puluhan kota dan desa ketika pasukan pro-pemerintah hancur, dan maju menuju Hama di Suriah tengah, kemudian merebutnya pada tanggal 5 Desember.[8][29]

Pada tanggal 7 Desember 2024, pasukan Front Selatan memasuki Kegubernuran Rif Dimashq dari selatan, dan berada dalam jarak 10 kilometer dari ibu kota Damaskus.[30][31] Belakangan, pasukan oposisi dilaporkan telah memasuki pinggiran ibu kota.[32] Pada tanggal 8 Desember, mereka juga telah merebut Homs, yang secara efektif memotong pasukan Assad dari pantai Suriah.[33]

Pada tanggal 8 Desember 2024, pemberontak merebut ibu kota Damaskus, menggulingkan pemerintahan Bashar al-Assad dan mengakhiri kekuasaan keluarga Assad selama 53 tahun di negara tersebut.[34]

Catatan

sunting
  1. ^ 95 tewas akibat serangan udara dan artileri Rusia dan SAA dan 13 tewas akibat penembakan HTS.[16]

Referensi

sunting
  1. ^ a b c "In parallel with the continuation of the "Deterrence of Aggression" operation: More than 30 airstrikes and the killing of about 100 members of the regime forces, the Authority and the factions in the Aleppo countryside" (dalam bahasa Arabic). Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 27 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 27 November 2024. 
  2. ^ a b "What is behind the new rebel offensive in northwest Syria?". 
  3. ^ "Weeks after the Syrian Observatory published the preparations... "Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham" attacks the Aleppo countryside in the "Response to Aggression" operation" (dalam bahasa Arabic). Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 27 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 27 November 2024. 
  4. ^ "Coinciding with the Authority's attack on the regime forces' positions in the Aleppo countryside... a squadron of Russian aircraft flies in the "Putin-Erdogan" airspace" (dalam bahasa Arabic). Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 27 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 27 November 2024. 
  5. ^ "Russian elite forces suffer losses in Syrian rebel attack". defence-blog.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). 27 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 28 November 2024. 
  6. ^ a b "IRGC commander killed by rebels in Aleppo amid clashes". Rudaw. 28 November 2024. 
  7. ^ "On the fourth day of the "Deterrence of Aggression" operation: Regime forces collapse and are stationed in 3 cities south of Idlib and centers in areas east and south of Aleppo city" (dalam bahasa Arabic). SOHR. 30 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2024. 
  8. ^ a b ""The Authority" controls Aleppo International Airport and many cities and towns in the northern Hama countryside amid a complete collapse of the regime forces" (dalam bahasa Arabic). SOHR. 30 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2024. 
  9. ^ Fassihi, Farnaz (6 December 2024). "Iran Begins to Evacuate Military Officials and Personnel From Syria". The New York Times. 
  10. ^ "Russia is evacuating its military fleet from Syria following an offensive by rebels". The Odessa Journal. 3 December 2024. 
  11. ^ "Regime forces withdraw from Maarat al-Numan city... and "Deterrence of Aggression" forces impose their control over about 50 villages and towns during the day". SOHR. 30 November 2024. hlm. Arabic. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2024. 
  12. ^ "Jihadists, Allies Seize Over 50 Towns And Villages From Syria Government: Monitor". Barron's. AFP. 
  13. ^ "Ejército de Siria inicia contraofensiva contra terroristas - Noticias Prensa Latina". 29 November 2024. 
  14. ^ "IRGC commander killed by rebels in Aleppo amid clashes". Rudaw Media Network. 28 November 2024. 
  15. ^ a b "The death toll continues to rise day after day, in light of the continued violent escalation of clashes and air and ground bombardment, a week after the launch of the "Deterrence of Aggression" operation, launched by Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham and its allied factions against the regime forces, where the death toll of soldiers and civilians in the operation reached 571, and the operation was launched at dawn on the 27th of last November". SOHR. hlm. Arabic. Diakses tanggal 3 December 2024. 
  16. ^ a b c d e "Amid rebels' failure to advance into the city | Fierce clashes continue on frontlines around Hama city and regime forces restore town in eastern countryside". SOHR. 5 December 2024. 
  17. ^ Chehayeb, Kareem. "Syria launches counterattacks in an attempt to halt insurgency, as Iran's top diplomat meets Assad". Associated Press. Diakses tanggal 1 December 2024. 
  18. ^ "Operation "Deterrence of Aggression" on its second day: 231 people killed and martyred, including 20 civilians" (dalam bahasa Arabic). SOHR. 30 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2024. 
  19. ^ "Amid Turkish bombardment | Clashes escalate between Kurdish forces and "National Army" factions in northern Aleppo countryside - The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights". 1 December 2024. 
  20. ^ "3 SDF fighters martyred in response to attacks by Turkish occupation mercenaries". Hawar News Agency (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-12-01. Diakses tanggal 2024-12-03. 
  21. ^ "YPJ: We will hold the Turkish state and its mercenaries accountable on the frontlines of resistance". Firat News Agency. 2 December 2024. Diakses tanggal 2 December 2024. 
  22. ^ "Syria rebels capture major city of Hama after military withdraws". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-12-05. Diakses tanggal 2024-12-05. 
  23. ^ "Syrian rebels enter Aleppo for first time in eight years during shock offensive". CNN (dalam bahasa Inggris). 29 November 2024. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2024. 
  24. ^ "Syrian rebels sweep into Aleppo, Russia conducts strikes in support of Assad". Reuters. With Assad backed by Russia and Iran, and Turkey supporting some of the rebels in the northwest where it maintains troops, the offensive has brought into focus the conflict's knotted geopolitics. 
  25. ^ "Aleppo: Rebels 'take control' of airport as thousands of fighters seize most of Syria's second-biggest city". Sky. The insurgents, led by the Islamist militant group Hayat Tahrir al Sham and including Turkey-backed fighters, also claim to be in control of all of Idlib province after launching their offensive on Wednesday. 
  26. ^ Kourdi, Eyad; Edwards, Christian (27 November 2024). "Syrian rebels launch major attack on regime forces in Aleppo province". AOL.com. Diakses tanggal 3 December 2024. 
  27. ^ "Syrian rebels launch surprise offensive in northwest as regime retaliates with airstrikes". The New Arab. 27 November 2024. 
  28. ^ Kourdi, Eyad; Edwards, Christian (27 November 2024). "Syrian rebels launch major attack on regime forces in Aleppo province". CNN (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 27 November 2024. 
  29. ^ "Syrian rebels capture second major city as army withdraws from Hama". CNN. 5 December 2024. Diakses tanggal 5 December 2024. 
  30. ^ "10 km from the capital Damascus.. The regime is withdrawing rapidly in southern Syria and the factions are advancing" (dalam bahasa Arabic). SOHR. 7 December 2024. Diakses tanggal 7 December 2024. 
  31. ^ "Successive withdrawals from the Damascus countryside to secure the capital.. Reconciliation factions are a few kilometers away from the capital Damascus" (dalam bahasa Arabic). SOHR. 7 December 2024. Diakses tanggal 7 December 2024. 
  32. ^ "Rebel forces 'reach Damascus suburbs' as protesters topple statue on outskirts". Sky News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 7 December 2024. 
  33. ^ Al-Khalidi, Suleimi; Azhari, Timour (7 December 2024). "Syria rebels celebrate in captured Homs, set sights on Damascus". Reuters. Diakses tanggal 7 December 2024. 
  34. ^ "Syrian rebels topple President Assad, prime minister calls for free elections". Reuters. 8 December 2024. Diakses tanggal 8 December 2024. 
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