あ
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Japanese
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Etymology 1
[edit]Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 安 in the cursive sōsho style.
Pronunciation
[edit]Syllable
[edit]- The hiragana syllable あ (a). Its equivalent in katakana is ア (a). It is the first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is あ行あ段 (a-gyō a-dan, “row a, section a”).
See also
[edit]- (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こ𛄲 (𛄲)ご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, 𛀆, ゆゅ, 𛀁, よょ, らら゚, りり゚, るる゚, れれ゚, ろろ゚, わゎわ゙, ゐ𛅐 (𛅐)ゐ゙, 𛄟 (𛄟), ゑ𛅑 (𛅑)ゑ゙, を𛅒 (𛅒)を゙, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ
Etymology 2
[edit]Common exclamatory sound made by people of various cultures around the world.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]- expresses surprise: Ah! Oh!
- Synonym: あっ (a')
- used to get someone's attention
- used as a response to someone's call
- Synonym: はい (hai)
Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of あ – see the following entries. | ||
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(This term, あ (a), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as あ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as あ.) |
Etymology 4
[edit]Alternative spellings |
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吾 我 |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *a. The short form of あれ (are).
Fell into disuse in roughly the Heian period,[2][1] when it was replaced by わ (wa).
Pronoun
[edit]- (obsolete) first-person personal pronoun: I, me
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Yūgao)
- あが君、生き出で給へ。いと、いみじき目な見せ給ひそ
- A ga kimi, iki ide tamahe. Ito, imi jiki me namisetamahiso
- Ye, return to life. Show not such sad eyes
- あが君、生き出で給へ。いと、いみじき目な見せ給ひそ
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Yūgao)
See also
[edit]a-/wa- “I, we” (first person) |
na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person) |
k- “this” (close to speaker) |
s- “that” (close to listener) |
a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both) |
i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative) |
ono- “oneself” (reflexive) | |
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Person | あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro) |
な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) |
こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) |
おの (ono) おのれ (onore) |
Thing | こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
いづれ (izure) なに (nani) |
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Location | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) |
いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) |
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Direction | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) |
そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) |
あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) |
いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) |
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Manner | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) |
さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika) |
いか (ika) | ||||
Time | いつ (itsu) |
Etymology 5
[edit]Alternative spelling |
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彼 |
/ka/ → /a/
Shift in pronunciation from か (ka). Appears from the Heian period.[2]
Pronoun
[edit]- distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]a-/wa- “I, we” (first person) |
na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person) |
k- “this” (close to speaker) |
s- “that” (close to listener) |
a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both) |
i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative) |
ono- “oneself” (reflexive) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro) |
な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) |
こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) |
おの (ono) おのれ (onore) |
Thing | こ (ko) これ (kore) |
そ (so) それ (sore) |
あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) |
いづれ (izure) なに (nani) |
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Location | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) |
いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) |
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Direction | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) |
そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) |
あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) |
いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) |
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Manner | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) |
さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika) |
いか (ika) | ||||
Time | いつ (itsu) |
Etymology 6
[edit]
Alternative spelling |
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足 |
Noun
[edit]Etymology 7
[edit]Alternative spellings |
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畔 畦 |
Noun
[edit]Etymology 8
[edit]Alternative spellings |
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有 在 |
Alternative spelling of あん (an), the onbin form of あり (ari) or ある (aru), with the ん (n) omitted in writing
Verb
[edit]- (Classical Japanese) to be, to exist
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari
References
[edit]- Satake, Akihiro with Hideo Yamada, Rikio Kudō, Masao Ōtani, and Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.
- Yamagishi, Tokuhei (1958) [c. 1001-1014] Koten Bungaku Taikei 14: Genji Monogatari 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
Okinawan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Ryukyuan *a, from Proto-Japonic *a.
Noun
[edit]あ (a)
- (Old Okinawan) I; first-person pronoun
- 1531-1623, Omoro Sōshi
- Konkō Kenshū
- わん 又あか 我れなり
- wan, MATA a ga. WAre nari
- Wan. Also a ga. Me.
- 1531-1623, Omoro Sōshi
References
[edit]- Okinawa Kogo Daijiten Henshū I'inkai (沖縄古語大辞典編集委員会) (1995) 沖縄古語大辞典 [Dictionary of Archaic Okinawan], Tokyo (東京都): Kadokawa Shoten (角川書店), →ISBN, page 1
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