idiom
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]idiom (plural idioms or idiomata) (sometimes used uncountably)
- A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.
- In English, idiom requires the indefinite article in a phrase such as "she's an engineer", whereas in Spanish, idiom forbids it.
- Some of the usage prescriptions improved clarity and were kept; others that yielded discordant violations of idiom were eventually revised.
- Synonyms: idiomaticness, idiomaticity
- (programming) A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language.
- 2005, Magnus Lie Hetland, Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional, →ISBN, page 100:
- I have to use the same assignment and call to raw_input in two places. How can I avoid that? I can use the while True/break idiom: […]
- A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.
- In the idiom of the day, they were sutlers, although today they'd probably be called vendors.
- 2010 January 13, Christopher Hitchens, “The Other L-Word”, in Vanity Fair:
- Many parents and teachers have become irritated to the point of distraction at the way the weed-style growth of "like" has spread through the idiom of the young.
- An established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words.
- She often spoke in idioms, pining for salad days and complaining about pots calling the kettle black.
- 2008, Patricia Hampl, “You’re History”, in Patricia Hampl, Elaine Tyler May, editors, Tell Me True: Memoir, History, and Writing a Life, Minnesota Historical Society, →ISBN, page 134:
- You’re history, we say […] . Surely it is an American idiom. Impossible to imagine a postwar European saying, “You’re history. . . . That’s history,” meaning fuhgeddaboudit, pal.
- An artistic style (for example, in art, architecture, or music); an instance of such a style.
- the idiom of the expressionists
Synonyms
[edit]- (language variety): dialect (loosely), language (loosely), languoid, lect, vernacular (loosely)
- (phrase): expression (loosely), form of words (loosely), idiotism, locution (loosely), phrase (loosely)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
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See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]idiom on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- “idiom”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “idiom”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “idiom”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- Eugene E. Loos [et al.], editors (2003), “idiom”, in Glossary of Linguistic Terms, Dallas, Tex.: SIL International.
Anagrams
[edit]Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]idiom m inan
- idiom (established expression whose meaning is not deducible from the literal meanings of its component words)
- 1972, Nový orient:
- Před běžným „Nashledanou", které Peršané vyjadřují slovy „nechť je Bůh vaším opatrovníkem", dáme přednost idiomu „vaše laskavost nebo pozornost je (byla) nesmírná" nebo „nechť se vysoká laskavost nezmenší" ...
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1985, Studie a práce linguistické:
- Stejně málo významné byly pro IF pokusy přiblížit význam idiomů ve vágních pojmech přenesenosti, obraznosti, průhlednosti apod.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1996, Časopis pro moderní filologii:
- Trochu konzervativní český uživatel Schemannova slovníku bude možná zpočátku postrádat u některých idiomů jejich vysvětlení, jak byl zvyklý kupříkladu z dosud (do r. 1993) nejobsažnějšího slovníku tohoto typu ...
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2005, Zdeněk Stříbrný, Proud času:
- Vyjádřil to pěkným anglickým idiomem „They have added insult to your injury“.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2014, František Čermák, Jazyk a slovník. Vybrané lingvistické studie:
- U idiomů pak můžeme postulovat existenci především početných sekundárních symbolů (otevřená hlava), popř. ikonů (kamenný obličej), méně často však už sekundárních indexů (co do, kór když).
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “idiom”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “idiom”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- idiom in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
- idiom in Nový encyklopedický slovník češtiny, czechency.org
- Česká frazeologie, Naše řeč (1984)
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English idiom, from Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]idiom
- idiom
- an established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words
- an artistic style (for example, in art, architecture, or music); an instance of such a style
- (rare outside formal context) a manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people
- Synonym: logat
Further reading
[edit]- “idiom” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Internationalism; compare English idiom, French idiome, German Idiom, ultimately from Late Latin idiōma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]idiom m inan (diminutive idiomek)
- (lexicography, rhetoric) idiom, phraseme, phraseological unit, phraseologism, set expression, set phrase, turn of phrase
- Synonyms: frazeologizm, idiomat, idiomatyzm, związek frazeologiczny
- idiom (artistic style)
- Synonyms: idiomat, idiomatyka
- (dated, linguistics, rare) idiom (language or language variety)
- Synonym: idiomatyzm
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- idiom in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- idiom in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]idiom n (plural idiomuri)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) idiom | idiomul | (niște) idiomuri | idiomurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) idiom | idiomului | (unor) idiomuri | idiomurilor |
vocative | idiomule | idiomurilor |
Further reading
[edit]- idiom in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]idìōm m (Cyrillic spelling идѝо̄м)
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (linguistics) idiom (language or language variety)
Declension
[edit]- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɪdi.əm
- Rhymes:English/ɪdi.əm/3 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with usage examples
- en:Programming
- English terms with quotations
- en:Figures of speech
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech terms with quotations
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- Indonesian terms borrowed from English
- Indonesian terms derived from English
- Indonesian terms derived from Middle French
- Indonesian terms derived from Late Latin
- Indonesian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɔm
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɔm/3 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian terms with rare senses
- Indonesian formal terms
- Polish internationalisms
- Polish terms derived from Late Latin
- Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/idjɔm
- Rhymes:Polish/idjɔm/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Lexicography
- pl:Figures of speech
- Polish dated terms
- pl:Linguistics
- Polish terms with rare senses
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Linguistics