戌

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See also: 戊, 戍, and 戉
戌 U+620C, 戌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-620C
← 戋
[U+620B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 戍 →
[U+620D]

Translingual

Han character

戌 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹一 (IHM), four-corner 53200, composition ⿵戊一(GHTJK) or ⿹戈⿰丿一(V))

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 411, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11535
  • Dae Jaweon: page 752, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1398, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+620C

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 戌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 戌
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (戌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
滅 *med
搣 *med
烕 *hmed
戌 *smid
珬 *smid
銊 *smid

Pictogram (象形) of an axe of halberd, almost identical to 戊 and similar to 戈.

Etymology 1

Smith (2011) proposes that 戌 (OC *smid), graphically depicting an ax or halberd, is a nominal derivative of the verb 滅 (OC *med) "to annihilate" "by the multivalent prefix *s- (‘annihilate’ > ‘annihilator’ and thus ‘axe’)", and it was used to name the late, broad waxing crescent moon.

Association with the dog was possibly arbitrary; just as how 辰 was associated arbitarily with the dragon (see Ferlus, 2013).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 戌
Mandarin Beijing /ɕy⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕy⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕy⁵³/
Jinan /ɕy²¹³/
Qingdao /sy⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /sy²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕy²¹/
Xining /ɕy⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕy¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕy¹³/
Ürümqi /ɕy⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕy²¹³/ 新
/ɕi²¹³/ 舊
Chengdu /ɕyo³¹/
/ɕy⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕiu²¹/
Kunming /ɕiu³¹/
Nanjing /syʔ⁵/
Hefei /ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕyəʔ²/
Pingyao /ɕyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /ɕyəʔ⁴⁴³⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɕiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /siəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ɕy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ɕyʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ɕy¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /si²⁴/
Xiangtan /si²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ɕyʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sut̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /søt̚⁵/
Nanning /ɬɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /søt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sut̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /souʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /sy²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /suk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tut̚⁵/
Rime
Character 戌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 術 (52)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 辛聿切
Baxter swit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/siuɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/sʷit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sjuet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/swit̚/
Li
Rong 		/siuĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/sĭuĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/si̯uĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		seot1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 戌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ swit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s.mi[t]/
English 11th earthly branch

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 戌
Reading # 1/1
No. 13945
Phonetic
component 		戌
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		卹
Old
Chinese 		/*smid/

Definitions

戌

  1. eleventh of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
  2. Dog (狗) of Chinese zodiac
Coordinate terms

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

戌

  1. Only used in 屈戌 (“metal fastening”).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 戌 – see 恤 (“(Cantonese) latch”).
(This character is a variant form of 恤).

Japanese

Kanji

戌

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: しゅち (shuchi)
  • Kan-on: しゅつ (shutsu)
  • Kan’yō-on: じゅつ (jutsu)
  • Kun: いぬ (inu, 戌)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
戌
いぬ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

From 犬 (inu, “dog”).

Pronunciation

Proper noun

戌(いぬ) • (Inu) 

  1. the Dog, the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches
    Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

Noun

戌(いぬ) • (inu) 

  1. the hour of the dog; a historical dual-hour equivalent to 7PM - 9PM
    • c. 935,: Tosa Nikki (page 3)
      それの年の十二月の二十日あまり一日の日の戌の刻に、門出す。
      I departed on the twenty and one day of the twelfth month of that year at the hour of the dog.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
戌
じゅつ
Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 戌 (swit).

Proper noun

戌(じゅつ) • (Jutsu) 

  1. the Dog, the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches
    Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

References

  • Hasegawa, Masaharu with Yūichirō Imanishi, Hiroshi Itō, Hiroshi Yoshioka (1989) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 24: Tosa Nikki, Kagerō Nikki, Murasaki Shikibu Nikki, Sarashina Nikki, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

戌 (eum 술 (sul))

  1. 11th terrestrial branch

Vietnamese

Han character

戌: Hán Nôm readings: tuất

  1. chữ Hán form of Tuất (“eleventh of the twelve earthly branches”).
    Hypernyms: 地支, 十二支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

Compounds

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