γλαυκός
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See also: Γλαῦκος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Uncertain origin. Barber reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *gleh₂w-ko-, noting that the root only appears in Greek (Homer, Aeschylus),[1] but Beekes finds an Indo-European origin unlikely.[2]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡlau̯.kós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɡlaʍˈkos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɣlaɸˈkos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ɣlafˈkos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ɣlafˈkos/
Adjective
γλαυκός • (glaukós) m (feminine γλαυκή, neuter γλαυκόν); first/second declension
- gleaming, bright
- blue-green or blue-gray
- 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 700–701:
- Χορός ... ὃ τᾷδε θάλλει μέγιστα χώρᾳ,
γλαυκᾶς παιδοτρόφου φύλλον ἐλαίας- Khorós ... hò tâide thállei mégista khṓrāi,
glaukâs paidotróphou phúllon elaías - Chorus: [a plant] that flourishes greatly in this land,
the leaf of the child-nourishing gray olive tree
- Khorós ... hò tâide thállei mégista khṓrāi,
- Χορός ... ὃ τᾷδε θάλλει μέγιστα χώρᾳ,
- (of an eye color) light blue or gray
Inflection
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | γλαυκός glaukós |
γλαυκή glaukḗ |
γλαυκόν glaukón |
γλαυκώ glaukṓ |
γλαυκᾱ́ glaukā́ |
γλαυκώ glaukṓ |
γλαυκοί glaukoí |
γλαυκαί glaukaí |
γλαυκᾰ́ glauká | |||||
Genitive | γλαυκοῦ glaukoû |
γλαυκῆς glaukês |
γλαυκοῦ glaukoû |
γλαυκοῖν glaukoîn |
γλαυκαῖν glaukaîn |
γλαυκοῖν glaukoîn |
γλαυκῶν glaukôn |
γλαυκῶν glaukôn |
γλαυκῶν glaukôn | |||||
Dative | γλαυκῷ glaukôi |
γλαυκῇ glaukêi |
γλαυκῷ glaukôi |
γλαυκοῖν glaukoîn |
γλαυκαῖν glaukaîn |
γλαυκοῖν glaukoîn |
γλαυκοῖς glaukoîs |
γλαυκαῖς glaukaîs |
γλαυκοῖς glaukoîs | |||||
Accusative | γλαυκόν glaukón |
γλαυκήν glaukḗn |
γλαυκόν glaukón |
γλαυκώ glaukṓ |
γλαυκᾱ́ glaukā́ |
γλαυκώ glaukṓ |
γλαυκούς glaukoús |
γλαυκᾱ́ς glaukā́s |
γλαυκᾰ́ glauká | |||||
Vocative | γλαυκέ glauké |
γλαυκή glaukḗ |
γλαυκόν glaukón |
γλαυκώ glaukṓ |
γλαυκᾱ́ glaukā́ |
γλαυκώ glaukṓ |
γλαυκοί glaukoí |
γλαυκαί glaukaí |
γλαυκᾰ́ glauká | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
γλαυκῶς glaukôs |
γλαυκότερος glaukóteros |
γλαυκότᾰτος glaukótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Antonyms
Derived terms
- Γλαυκή (Glaukḗ)
- γλαύκινος (glaúkinos)
- γλαύκιον (glaúkion)
- Γλαῦκος (Glaûkos)
- γλαύκωμα (glaúkōma)
- ὑπόγλαυκος (hupóglaukos)
- Γλαυκίππη (Glaukíppē)
Descendants
- Latin: glaucus
See also
λευκός (leukós) | γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (killós), πολῐός (poliós), φαιός (phaiós), χαροπός (kharopós) | ᾰ̓μαυρός (amaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās) |
ἐρῠθρός (eruthrós); κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (karū́kinos), κόκκῐνος (kókkinos), φοινός (phoinós) | πυρρός (purrhós); ὄρφνῐνος (órphninos) | μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xanthós); ὠχρός (ōkhrós) |
πρᾰ́σῐνος (prásinos) | χλωρός (khlōrós) | χλωρός (khlōrós); χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās) |
κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos); γλαυκός (glaukós), κᾰλάϊνος (kaláïnos) | κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos) | κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huakínthinos) |
ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos), οἶνοψ (oînops) | φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos) | ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis) |
References
- ^ Barber, Sievers' Law and the History of Semivowel Syllabicity in Indo-European and Ancient Greek
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 274-275
Further reading
- “γλαυκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “γλαυκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “γλαυκός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- γλαυκός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- γλαυκός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- γλαυκός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “γλαυκός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.