etc.: difference between revisions

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t+mhr:т. м. (Assisted)
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Usage notes: “And so on” is not a calque of “et cetera.”
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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|/ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|/ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|/ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|q3=see usage notes}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|/ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-etc.ogg|a=US}}
** {{audio|en|en-us-etc.ogg|a=US}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|/ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/|q1=[[Appendix:Glossary#nonstandard|nonstandard]], see [[#Usage notes|usage notes]]}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-et cetera.wav|a=UK}}


===Phrase===
===Phrase===
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====Usage notes====
====Usage notes====
* "Etc." is typically read out as the full Latin phrase ''{{l|en|et cetera}}'' rather than as letters (as with "[[i.e.]]") or as a contraction (as with "[[et seq.]]"). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English [[calque]] ''{{l|en|and so on}}'' (as with "[[e.g.]]").
* "Etc." is typically read out as the full Latin phrase ''{{l|en|et cetera}}'' rather than as letters (as with "[[i.e.]]") or as a contraction (as with "[[et seq.]]"). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English version ''{{l|en|and so on}}'' (as with "[[e.g.]]").
* In Latin, {{m|la|et cetera}} refers solely to other ''things''. It is therefore properly avoided in lists of ''people'', where "[[et al.]]" (that is, {{m|la|et alii}}) is used instead. "Et al." is thus sometimes sharply distinguished from "etc." in English, although the same abbreviation can also stand for the Latin {{m|la|et alia}}, which is a synonym of "etc."
* In Latin, {{m|la|et cetera}} refers solely to other ''things''. It is therefore properly avoided in lists of ''people'', where "[[et al.]]" (that is, {{m|la|et alii}}) is used instead. "Et al." is thus sometimes sharply distinguished from "etc." in English, although the same abbreviation can also stand for the Latin {{m|la|et alia}}, which is a synonym of "etc."
* Because "etc." effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is properly avoided when using other abbreviations (such as "[[e.g.]]" and "[[viz.]]") that offer partial examples. If the "etc." is desired, "[[i.e.]]" may be used in their places.
* Because "etc." effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is properly avoided when using other abbreviations (such as "[[e.g.]]" and "[[viz.]]") that offer partial examples. If the "etc." is desired, "[[i.e.]]" may be used in their places.
* Some speakers use a {{IPAchar|/k/|lang=en}} sound in place of the {{IPAchar|/t/|lang=en}} in the first word. This is usually [[proscribe]]d and somewhat stigmatized. It is represented in [[eye dialect]] as "[[excetera#English|excetera]]", "[[exetera#English|exetera]]", or "[[ekcetera#English|ekcetera]]".
* Some speakers use a {{IPAchar|/k/}} sound in place of the {{IPAchar|/t/}} in the first word. This is usually [[proscribe]]d and somewhat stigmatized. It is represented in [[eye dialect]] as "[[excetera#English|excetera]]", "[[exetera#English|exetera]]", or "[[ekcetera#English|ekcetera]]".


====Synonyms====
====Synonyms====
{{col3|en
{{col3|en
|[[…]] {{qualifier|[[ellipsis]]}}
|...
|and so forth
|and so forth
|and so on
|and so on
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* Spanish: {{t+|es|etc.}}, {{t|es|&.}}, {{t|es|y otras}}, {{t+|es|etcétera|m}}, {{t|es|y más}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|etc.}}, {{t|es|&.}}, {{t|es|y otras}}, {{t+|es|etcétera|m}}, {{t|es|y más}}
* Swahili: {{t|sw|n.k.}}
* Swahili: {{t|sw|n.k.}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|et cetera}}, {{t+|sv|etc.}}, {{t+|sv|etcetera}}, {{t+|sv|etc}}, {{t|sv|et c.}}, {{t+|sv|osv.}}, {{t+|sv|och så vidare}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|et cetera}}, {{t+|sv|etc.}}, {{t+|sv|etcetera}}, {{t+|sv|etc}}, {{t|sv|et c.}}, {{t+|sv|osv.}}, {{t+|sv|och så vidare}}, {{t+|sv|o.dyl.}}, {{t+|sv|o.d.}}, {{t|sv|o.l.}}, {{t|sv|o.likn.}}
* Tagalog: {{t+|tl|atbp.}}, {{t|tl|at iba pa}}
* Tagalog: {{t+|tl|atbp.}}, {{t|tl|at iba pa}}
* Tajik: {{t|tg|ва ғайра}}, {{t|tg|ва ғ.}}
* Tajik: {{t|tg|ва ғайра}}, {{t|tg|ва ғ.}}
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===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=cet|'Tec|'tec|CET|CTE|ECT|TCE|TEC|tce}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=cet|ect.|'Tec|tce|ECT|CTE|CET|TEC|'tec|TCE}}


[[Category:English coordinates]]
[[Category:English coordinates]]
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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA|etcétéra|qual2=proscribed|excétéra}}
* {{fr-IPA|etcétéra|qual2=proscribed|excétéra}}
* {{a|fr|Quebec}} {{fr-IPA|etcétéra|qual2=informal|etchétéra}}
* {{fr-IPA|etcétéra|qual2=informal|etchétéra|a=Quebec}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-etc..wav}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-etc..wav}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-etc..wav|a=Switzerland}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-etc..wav|a=Switzerland}}
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==Swedish==
==Swedish==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|sv|&c.|q=obsolete}}


===Adverb===
===Adverb===

Revision as of 09:11, 6 September 2024

See also: ETC and etc

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English et cetera, etc., from Latin etc., an abbreviation of et cetera (and the rest [of the things]; and the other things).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • IPA(key): (nonstandard, see usage notes) /ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/

Phrase

etc.

  1. And so on: used to note that the rest of a list or piece of information has been left out on the assumption that it is similar or already known.
    Synonym: asf
    The grocery shop sells cucumbers, lettuce, radishes, etc.
    The plagiarism was painfully obvious: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," etc.

Usage notes

  • "Etc." is typically read out as the full Latin phrase et cetera rather than as letters (as with "i.e.") or as a contraction (as with "et seq."). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English version and so on (as with "e.g.").
  • In Latin, et cetera refers solely to other things. It is therefore properly avoided in lists of people, where "et al." (that is, et alii) is used instead. "Et al." is thus sometimes sharply distinguished from "etc." in English, although the same abbreviation can also stand for the Latin et alia, which is a synonym of "etc."
  • Because "etc." effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is properly avoided when using other abbreviations (such as "e.g." and "viz.") that offer partial examples. If the "etc." is desired, "i.e." may be used in their places.
  • Some speakers use a /k/ sound in place of the /t/ in the first word. This is usually proscribed and somewhat stigmatized. It is represented in eye dialect as "excetera", "exetera", or "ekcetera".

Synonyms

Coordinate terms

Translations

See also

Anagrams

Danish

Etymology

Abbreviation of et cetera.

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc.

Synonyms

Fala

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Spanish etc., itself an abbreviation of Latin et cētera.

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc. (and the rest; and so forth)
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Anexu: Nossa Fala:
      Por siglus, a xienti de capital (rica) i as mismas Instituciós (Iglexiia, Escuelas, Xiusticia, funcionarius, etc.) tiñan a fala cumu algo de ignorantis, atrasaus, vulgariai.
      For centuries, the people from the capital (rich) and the same institutions (Church, Schools, Justice, public servants, etc.) held Fala as something of ignorant people, backward people, vulgarity.

French

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adverb

etc.

  1. et cetera (and so on)

Anagrams

German

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc.
    Synonym: usw.

Hungarian

Etymology

An abbreviation of Hungarian etcetera, from Latin et cetera (and the rest [of the things]; and the other things).

Pronoun

etc.

  1. etc.

Synonyms

Latin

Alternative forms

  • &c (dated, rare outside titles)
  • &c.

Adverb

etc.

  1. et cētera (and so forth)

Middle English

Phrase

etc.

  1. Alternative form of et cetera

Polish

Pronunciation

Template:pl-p

Phrase

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera; etc.

Further reading

  • etc. in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • etc. in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

  • (Brazilian Portuguese) IPA(key): /et(ʃ)(i)ˈsɛteɾɐ/

Phrase

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera.

Spanish

Alternative forms

Adverb

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of etcétera.

Swedish

Alternative forms

Adverb

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera. Abbreviation of etcetera.