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m replace <* {{audio|he|LL-Q9288 (heb)-YaronSh-פסח.wav|Audio}}> with <* {{audio|he|LL-Q9288 (heb)-YaronSh-פסח.wav}}> (clean up audio captions)
 
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{{also|פּסח}}
{{also|פּסח}}
==Hebrew==
==Hebrew==
{{was fwotd|2014|August|27|lang=he}}
{{was fwotd|he|2014|August|27}}
{{HE root|פסח}}

===Etymology===
===Etymology===
Compare {{cog|akk|tr=passahu|t=soothe, make soft}} and {{cog|ar|فَسَخَ|tr=fasaḵa|t=to annull}}
From the [[:category:Hebrew roots|root]] {{term|פ־ס־ח|tr=p-s-ḥ|lang=he}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|{{lang|he|פֶּסַח}}}} {{a|IL}} {{IPA|/ˈpe.saχ/|lang=he}}
* {{sense|{{lang|he|פֶּסַח}}}} {{IPA|he|/ˈpe.saχ/|a=IL}}
* {{sense|{{lang|he|פָּסַח}}}} {{a|IL}} {{IPA|/paˈsaχ/|lang=he}}
* {{sense|{{lang|he|פָּסַח}}}} {{IPA|he|/paˈsaχ/|a=IL}}
* {{audio|he|LL-Q9288 (heb)-YaronSh-פסח.wav}}
* {{sense|{{lang|he|פִּסֵּחַ}}}} {{a|IL}} {{IPA|/piˈseaχ/|lang=he}}


===Verb===
===Verb===
{{he-verb|tr=pasách|pa|wv=פָּסַח}}
{{he-verb|tr=pasákh|pa|wv=פָּסַח}}


# (He/it) [[pass]]ed [[over]], [[skip]]ped.
# To [[pass]] [[over]], [[skip]].
#* [[Exodus]] 12:23, with translation of the [[King James Version]]:
#* [[Exodus]] 12:23, with translation of the [[King James Version]]:
#*: {{usex|וְרָאָה אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְעַל שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת '''וּפָסַח''' יהוה עַל הַפֶּתַח וְלֹא יִתֵּן הַמַּשְׁחִית לָבֹא אֶל בָּתֵּיכֶם לִנְגֹּף|tr=v'raá et hadám al hamashkóf v'al sh'te ham'zuzót '''ufasách''' YHVH al hapétach v'lo yitén hamashchít lavó el batechém lingóf|t=and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD '''will pass''' over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|וְרָאָה אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְעַל שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת '''וּפָסַח''' יהוה עַל הַפֶּתַח וְלֹא יִתֵּן הַמַּשְׁחִית לָבֹא אֶל בָּתֵּיכֶם לִנְגֹּף|tr=vera’á et hadám ‘al hamashkóf ve‘al shtéi hamezuzót '''ufasách''' YHWH ‘al hapétach veló yitén hamashchít lavó el batéichem lingóf|t=and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the {{smallcaps|Lord}} '''will pass''' over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you}}
#* [[1 Kings]] 18:21, with translation of the [[w:New International Version|New International Version]]:
#* [[1 Kings]] 18:21, with translation of the [[w:New International Version|New International Version]]:
#*: {{usex|עַד מָתַי אַתֶּם '''פֹּסְחִים''' עַל שְׁתֵּי הַסְּעִפִּים אִם יהוה הָאֱלֹהִים לְכוּ אַחֲרָיו וְאִם הַבַּעַל לְכוּ אַחֲרָיו|tr=ad matáy atém '''pos'chím''' al sh'ne has'ifím im YHVH haelohím l'chu acharáv v'im habáal l'chu acahráv|t=How long '''will''' you '''waver''' between two opinions? If the LORD is God, follow him; but if Baal is God, follow him.|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|עַד מָתַי אַתֶּם '''פֹּסְחִים''' עַל שְׁתֵּי הַסְּעִפִּים אִם יהוה הָאֱלֹהִים לְכוּ אַחֲרָיו וְאִם הַבַּעַל לְכוּ אַחֲרָיו|tr=‘ad matáy atém '''poschím''' ‘al shnéi has‘ipím im YHWH ha’elohím lechú acharáv ve’im Habá‘al lechú acharáv|t=How long '''will''' you '''waver''' between two opinions? If the {{smallcaps|Lord}} is God, follow him; but if Baal is God, follow him.}}
#* [[Isaiah]] 31:5, with [[w:Young's Literal Translation|Young's Literal Translation]]:
#* [[Isaiah]] 31:5, with [[w:Young's Literal Translation|Young's Literal Translation]]:
#*: {{usex|יָגֵן יהוה צְבָאוֹת עַל יְרוּשָׁלָ‍ִם גָּנוֹן וְהִצִּיל '''פָּסֹחַ''' וְהִמְלִיט|tr=yagén YHVH ts'vaót al y'rushaláyim ganón v'hitsíl '''pasóach''' v'himlít|t=doth Jehovah of Hosts Cover over Jerusalem, covering and delivering, '''Passing over''', and causing to escape|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|יָגֵן יהוה צְבָאוֹת עַל יְרוּשָׁלָ‍ִם גָּנוֹן וְהִצִּיל '''פָּסֹחַ''' וְהִמְלִיט|tr=yagén YHWH tseva’ót ‘al Yerushaláyim ganón vehitsíl '''pasóach''' vehimlít|t=doth Jehovah of Hosts Cover over Jerusalem, covering and delivering, '''Passing over''', and causing to escape}}


===Verb===
====Conjugation====
{{he-conj|pa|פסח}}
⚫
{{he-verb|tr=piséach|pi|wv=פִּסֵּחַ}}

# (He/it) [[jump]]ed, [[skip]]ped, [[leap]]t.
#* [[1 Kings]] 18:26, with translation of the [[King James Version]]:
#*: {{usex|'''וַיְפַסְּחוּ''' עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ|tr='''vay'fas'chú''' al hamizbéach|t='''And they leaped''' upon the altar|lang=he}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{he-noun|tr=pésach|cons=פסח|pl=פסחים|g=m|wv=פֶּסַח|conswv=פֶּסַח|plwv=פְּסָחִים|plconswv=פִּסְחֵי|plcons=פסחי|
{{he-noun|tr=pésakh|g=m|wv=פֶּסַח|cons=פֶּסַח|pl=פְּסָחִים|plcons=פִּסְחֵי|pausal=פָּסַח|pat=קֶטֶל}}
pausalwv=פָּסַח|pausaltr=pásach}}


# The [[paschal]] [[sacrificial]] [[offering]].
# The [[paschal]] [[sacrificial]] [[offering]].
#* [[Exodus]] 12:21, with translation of the [[King James Version]]:
#* [[Exodus]] 12:21, with translation of the [[King James Version]]:
#*: {{usex|מִשְׁכוּ וּקְחוּ לָכֶם צֹאן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתֵיכֶם וְשַׁחֲטוּ '''הַפָּסַח'''|tr=mishchú ukchú lachém tson v'shachatú '''hapásach'''|t=Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill '''the passover'''|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|מִשְׁכוּ וּקְחוּ לָכֶם צֹאן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתֵיכֶם וְשַׁחֲטוּ '''הַפָּסַח'''|tr=mishchú ukchú lachém tson v'shachatú '''hapásach'''|t=Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill '''the passover'''}}
#* '''1880''', {{lang|he|אריה ליב ברודא}},&lrm; {{lang|he|שאלות ותשובות מצפה אריה}}/''Mizpe Arje'', [[w:Lemberg|Lemberg]], number 38, page 38b&nbsp;[http://google.com/books?id=tKUvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT82&dq=פסח]:
#* '''1880''', {{lang|he|אריה ליב ברודא}},&lrm; {{lang|he|שאלות ותשובות מצפה אריה}}/''Mizpe Arje'', [[w:Lemberg|Lemberg]], number 38, page 38b&nbsp;[http://google.com/books?id=tKUvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT82&dq=פסח]:
#*: {{usex|{{...}}וימנו עלי׳ גם אחרים שלא עשו '''פסח''' והחבורה שנחערבו '''פסחיהם''' לא יאכלו הימנו רק האחרים יאכלו דהא אכילת '''פסחים''' לא מעכבי{{...}}|tr={{...}}v'yimanú aléha gam acherím sheló asú '''fésach''' v'hachaburá shenit'ar'vú '''pischehém''' lo yoch'lú heménu rak haacherím yoch'lú d'ha achilát '''p'sachím''' lo m'ak'vé{{...}}|t={{...}}and others who had not made '''a paschal offering''' should be listed on it, and the group that '''their paschal offerings''' had gotten mixed up should not eat from it, only the others should eat, for eating '''paschal offerings''' does not prevent{{...}}|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|{{...}}וימנו עלי׳ גם אחרים שלא עשו '''פסח''' והחבורה שנחערבו '''פסחיהם''' לא יאכלו הימנו רק האחרים יאכלו דהא אכילת '''פסחים''' לא מעכבי{{...}}|tr={{...}}v'yimanú aléha gam acherím sheló asú '''fésach''' v'hachaburá shenit'ar'vú '''pischehém''' lo yoch'lú heménu rak haacherím yoch'lú d'ha achilát '''p'sachím''' lo m'ak'vé{{...}}|t={{...}}and others who had not made '''a paschal offering''' should be listed on it, and the group that '''their paschal offerings''' had gotten mixed up should not eat from it, only the others should eat, for eating '''paschal offerings''' does not prevent{{...}}}}


===Proper noun===
===Proper noun===
{{head|he|proper noun|tr=pésach|plural|פְּסָחִים|g=m|head=פֶּסַח|sc=Hebr}}<!-- {{he-proper noun}} does not allow for a plural-->
{{he-proper noun|tr=pésakh|g=m|wv=פֶּסַח|pl=פְּסָחִים|pat=קֶטֶל}}


# {{label|he|singulare tantum|rarely|_|countable}} [[Passover]] {{gloss|Jewish holiday}}
# {{lb|he|singulare tantum|rarely|_|countable}} [[Passover]] ([[Jewish]] [[feast]] / [[festival]] / [[holiday]])
⚫
#* {{RQ:Mishnah|2|3|10|1|passage=ערבי '''פסחים''' {{...}} לא יאכל אדם עד שתחשך|translation='''Passover''' eves {{...}} a man shall not eat until it darkens}}
#* {{RQ:Mishnah|2|3|10|1}}
⚫
#*: {{usex|ערבי '''פסחים''' {{...}} לא יאכל אדם עד שתחשך|t='''Passover''' eves {{...}} a man shall not eat until it darkens|lang=he}}
#* '''1980''', "&lrm;{{lang|he|חמץ}}&lrm;", in, {{lang|he|שלמה יוסף זֶוין<!--That's how it's given on the title page.-->}}&lrm;/Shlomo Josef Zevin, editor, {{lang|he|אנציקלופדיה תלמודית}}&lrm;/''Talmudic Encyclopedia'', volume 16, 1994 sixth edition, page 71:
#* '''1980''', "&lrm;{{lang|he|חמץ}}&lrm;", in, {{lang|he|שלמה יוסף זֶוין<!--That's how it's given on the title page.-->}}&lrm;/Shlomo Josef Zevin, editor, {{lang|he|אנציקלופדיה תלמודית}}&lrm;/''Talmudic Encyclopedia'', volume 16, 1994 sixth edition, page 71:
#*: {{usex|איסור אכילת חמץ '''בפסח''' נאמר אף בחמץ של גוי.&rlm;|t=The prohibition on eating chametz '''on Passover''' was stated even about the chametz of a gentile.|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|איסור אכילת חמץ '''בפסח''' נאמר אף בחמץ של גוי.&rlm;|t=The prohibition on eating chametz '''on Passover''' was stated even about the chametz of a gentile.}}
# {{label|he|singulare tantum}} {{given name|male|lang=he}}
# {{lb|he|singulare tantum}} {{given name|he|male|xlit=Pesach|xlit2=Pesah|eq=Pascal}}
#* '''1944''', {{lang|he|[[w:Tzvi Pesach Frank|צבי פסח פראנק]]}},&lrm; {{lang|he|דבר לישראל ולעמים}}, title page&nbsp;[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/37160]:
#* '''1944''', {{lang|he|[[w:Tzvi Pesach Frank|צבי פסח פראנק]]}},&lrm; {{lang|he|דבר לישראל ולעמים}}, title page&nbsp;[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/37160]:
#*: {{usex|מאת ‫רבנו הגאון אדמו״ר מרן צבי '''פסח''' פראנק‬ ‫שליט״א‬|lang=he}}
#*: {{quote|he|מאת ‫רבנו הגאון אדמו״ר מרן צבי '''פסח''' פראנק‬ ‫שליט״א‬}}


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
* {{sense|holiday}} {{l|he|ע״פ}}
* {{sense|holiday}} {{l|he|ע״פ}}
* {{l|he|קַעֲרַת פֶּסַח|tr=ka'arát pésakh}}


====Descendants====
====Descendants====
* Yiddish: {{l|yi|פּסח|tr=peysekh}}
* {{desc|bor=1|arc|פסחא|tr=paskha}}
** {{desc|bor=1|grc|πάσχα}} {{see desc}}
* {{desc|bor=1|yi|פּסח|tr=peysekh}}


===Proper noun===
===Verb===
⚫
{{he-verb|tr=piséakh|pi|wv=פִּסֵּחַ}}
{{he-proper noun|wv=פָּסֵחַ|tr=paséach|g=m}}


# {{label|he|biblical}} {{given name|male|lang=he}}
# {{he-defective spelling of|פיסח|nocap=1}}


===Adjective===
===Adjective===
{{he-adj|mpwv=פִּסְחִים|mp=פסחים|wv=פִסֵּחַ|tr=piséach}}
{{he-adj-auto|wv=פִסֵּחַ|tr=piséakh|stemwv=פִּסְּח}}


# {{he-defective spelling of|פיסח|nocap=1}}
# [[lame]] {{gloss|unable to walk properly because of a problem with one's feet or legs}}
#* [[Leviticus]] 21:18, with translation of the [[King James Version]]:
#*: {{usex|כִּי כָל אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ מוּם לֹא יִקְרָב אִישׁ עִוֵּר אוֹ '''פִסֵּחַ''' אוֹ חָרֻם אוֹ שָׂרוּעַ|tr=ki chol ish ashér bo mum lo yikráv ish ivér o '''piséach''' o charúm o sarúa|t=For whatsoever man he be that hath a blemish, he shall not approach: a blind man, or a '''lame''', or he that hath a flat nose, or any thing superfluous|lang=he}}
#* [[2 Samuel]] 5:6, with translation of the King James Version:
#*: {{usex|לֹא תָבוֹא הֵנָּה כִּי אִם הֱסִירְךָ הַעִוְרִים '''וְהַפִּסְחִים'''|tr=lo tavó héna ki im hesir'chá haivrím '''v'hapischím'''|t=Except thou take away the blind '''and the lame''', thou shalt not come in hither|lang=he}}


===References===
===References===
* {{R:Strong's|H|6452}}
* {{R:Strong's|H|6452}}
* Prosic, Tamara (2004). The Development and Symbolism of Passover. A&C Black, p. 32


{{topics|he|Judaism|Holidays}}
[[he:פסח]]

Latest revision as of 10:55, 2 June 2024

See also: פּסח

Hebrew

[edit]
FWOTD – 27 August 2014
Root
פ־ס־ח (p-s-kh)

Etymology

[edit]

Compare Akkadian [script needed] (passahu, “soothe, make soft”) and Arabic فَسَخَ (fasaḵa, “to annull”)

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

פָּסַח • (pasákh) (pa'al construction)

  1. To pass over, skip.
    • Exodus 12:23, with translation of the King James Version:
      וְרָאָה אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְעַל שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת וּפָסַח יהוה עַל הַפֶּתַח וְלֹא יִתֵּן הַמַּשְׁחִית לָבֹא אֶל בָּתֵּיכֶם לִנְגֹּף
      vera’á et hadám ‘al hamashkóf ve‘al shtéi hamezuzót ufasách YHWH ‘al hapétach veló yitén hamashchít lavó el batéichem lingóf
      and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the Lord will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you
    • 1 Kings 18:21, with translation of the New International Version:
      עַד מָתַי אַתֶּם פֹּסְחִים עַל שְׁתֵּי הַסְּעִפִּים אִם יהוה הָאֱלֹהִים לְכוּ אַחֲרָיו וְאִם הַבַּעַל לְכוּ אַחֲרָיו
      ‘ad matáy atém poschím ‘al shnéi has‘ipím im YHWH ha’elohím lechú acharáv ve’im Habá‘al lechú acharáv
      How long will you waver between two opinions? If the Lord is God, follow him; but if Baal is God, follow him.
    • Isaiah 31:5, with Young's Literal Translation:
      יָגֵן יהוה צְבָאוֹת עַל יְרוּשָׁלָ‍ִם גָּנוֹן וְהִצִּיל פָּסֹחַ וְהִמְלִיט
      yagén YHWH tseva’ót ‘al Yerushaláyim ganón vehitsíl pasóach vehimlít
      doth Jehovah of Hosts Cover over Jerusalem, covering and delivering, Passing over, and causing to escape

Conjugation

[edit]
Conjugation of פָּסַח (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first פָּסַחְתִּי פָּסַחְנוּ
second פָּסַחְתָּ פָּסַחְתְּ פְּסַחְתֶּם1 פְּסַחְתֶּן1
third פָּסַח פָּסְחָה פָּסְחוּ
present פּוֹסֵחַ פּוֹסַחַת פּוֹסְחִים פּוֹסְחוֹת
future first אֶפְסַח נִפְסַח
second תִּפְסַח תִּפְסְחִי תִּפְסְחוּ תִּפְסַחְנָה2
third יִפְסַח תִּפְסַח יִפְסְחוּ תִּפְסַחְנָה2
imperative פְּסַח פִּסְחִי פִּסְחוּ פְּסַחְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced פָּסַחְתֶּם and פָּסַחְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

[edit]

פֶּסַח • (pésakh) m (plural indefinite פְּסָחִים, singular construct פֶּסַח־, plural construct פִּסְחֵי־, Biblical Hebrew pausal form פָּסַח) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

  1. The paschal sacrificial offering.
    • Exodus 12:21, with translation of the King James Version:
      מִשְׁכוּ וּקְחוּ לָכֶם צֹאן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתֵיכֶם וְשַׁחֲטוּ הַפָּסַח
      mishchú ukchú lachém tson v'shachatú hapásach
      Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the passover
    • 1880, אריה ליב ברודא,‎ שאלות ותשובות מצפה אריה/Mizpe Arje, Lemberg, number 38, page 38b [1]:
      […] וימנו עלי׳ גם אחרים שלא עשו פסח והחבורה שנחערבו פסחיהם לא יאכלו הימנו רק האחרים יאכלו דהא אכילת פסחים לא מעכבי […]
      […] v'yimanú aléha gam acherím sheló asú fésach v'hachaburá shenit'ar'vú pischehém lo yoch'lú heménu rak haacherím yoch'lú d'ha achilát p'sachím lo m'ak'vé […]
      […] and others who had not made a paschal offering should be listed on it, and the group that their paschal offerings had gotten mixed up should not eat from it, only the others should eat, for eating paschal offerings does not prevent […]

Proper noun

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פֶּסַח • (pésakh) m (plural indefinite פְּסָחִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

  1. (singular only, rarely countable) Passover (Jewish feast / festival / holiday)
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Pesachim 10:1:
      ערבי פסחים […] לא יאכל אדם עד שתחשך
      Passover eves […] a man shall not eat until it darkens
    • 1980, "‎חמץ‎", in, שלמה יוסף זֶוין‎/Shlomo Josef Zevin, editor, אנציקלופדיה תלמודית‎/Talmudic Encyclopedia, volume 16, 1994 sixth edition, page 71:
      איסור אכילת חמץ בפסח נאמר אף בחמץ של גוי.‏
      The prohibition on eating chametz on Passover was stated even about the chametz of a gentile.
  2. (singular only) a male given name, Pesach or Pesah, equivalent to English Pascal

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Aramaic: פסחא (paskha)
    • → Ancient Greek: πάσχα (páskha) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Yiddish: פּסח (peysekh)

Verb

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פִּסֵּחַ • (piséakh) (pi'el construction)

  1. defective spelling of פיסח

Adjective

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פִסֵּחַ • (piséakh) (feminine פִּסְּחָה, masculine plural פִּסְּחִים, feminine plural פִּסְּחוֹת)

  1. defective spelling of פיסח

References

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