View source for 歷

{{also|歴|历}}
{{character info}}
{{character info|0xf98c}}
==Translingual==
{{Han simplified forms|歷|歴|历}}

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=77|rad=止|as=12|sn=16|four=71211|canj=MHDM,MDYLM|ids=⿸厤止}}

====Derived characters====
* [[儮]] [[嚦]] [[壢]] [[㠣]] [[攊]] [[瀝]] [[㺡]] [[櫪]] [[㱹]] [[爏]] [[瓑]] [[㿨]] [[礰]] [[𧞿]] [[䍽]] [[讈]] [[䟐]] [[𨊛]] [[轣]] [[䥶]] [[𣦰]] [[𠫏]] [[藶]] [[䍥]] [[靂]] [[癧]]

====Related characters====
* [[曆]], [[磿]]

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=0577.140|dkj=16340|dj=0968.090|hdz=21445.090|uh=6B77|ud=27511|bh=BEFA|bd=48890}}
{{Han ref|uh=F98C}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|s=历|alt=歴,厯,𢟍}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|厤|止|c1=p|c2=s|ls=psc}}.

===Etymology===
{{zh-ref|Schuessler (2007)}} considered this word to be of {{der|zh|sit}} origin and a cognate to {{cog|my|ရေ||to count}}, {{cog|kfk|ri||to count}}, {{cog|bo|རྩི||to count; to calculate}}, and {{m|bo|རྩིས་པ|t=astronomer}}; however, STEDT derives {{cog|my|ရေ}} & {{cog|bo|རྩི}} from {{cog|sit-pro|*r-tsjəj||to count}} and does not compare them to Chinese [[歷]].
:One derivative is {{och-l|曆|tr=*rêk}}, meaning "calendrical calculations" ({{w|Book of Documents|Shu}}) → "calendar";
:Another derivative is [[exopassive]] {{och-l|麗|tr=*rê(k)h}}, meaning "what is calculated → number" ({{w|Classic of Poetry|Shi}}), whose possible [[allofam]] is {{och-l|麗|tr=*rêh}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=lì
|m-s=
|c=lik6
|c-t=let5
|g=
|h=pfs=li̍t;gd=lid6
|j=
|mb=lĭ
|md=lĭk
|mn=xm,zz,tw:le̍k/qz:lia̍k
|mn-t=lêh8
|mn-l=
|w=sh:8liq
|x=
|mc=y
|oc=y
|ma=y
|cat=v,n,a,adv,pn
}}

===Definitions===
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# to [[experience]]; to [[go through]]; to [[undergo]]
# [[experience]]; [[history]]; [[record]]
# to [[surpass]]; to [[exceed]]; to [[overstep]]
# to [[offend]]; to [[go]] [[against]]; to [[undermine]]
#* {{zh-x|民 有 不-事 農-桑、任-氣 遊-俠、犯-歷 法-禁、不從 吏-教 者，傷 王 之 化。|When the people are not engaged in agriculture and sericulture but instead give rein to their tempers and travel about as bravados, outstepping and '''transgressing''' the laws and prohibitions, not following the instructions of the officials, it harms the king's transforming influence.|ref=Liutao}}
# to [[travel]] through; to [[go]] [[travelling]]
# [[extensively]]; [[all over]]; [[completely]]
# [[many]] [[times]]; [[repeatedly]]
# [[one by one]]; [[one at a time]]
# [[all]] of the [[previous]] ([[occurrence]]s); [[all]] [[past]]
# to [[take charge]] of; to [[assume]] (''a role'')
# to [[choose]]; to [[select]] (''a date'')
# to [[examine]]; to [[scrutinise]]; to [[observe]]; to [[calculate]]
# [[clear]]; [[distinct]]; [[lucid]]
# [[few]] and [[far]] [[between]]; [[sporadic]]
# {{surname|zh}}

===Compounds===
{{col3|zh|歷朝|歷程|歷次|歷代|歷訪|歷屆|歷盡|歷經|歷久|歷來|歷歷|歷練|歷年|歷任|歷時|歷史|歷史觀|歷史唯物主義|歷史唯心主義|歷史性|歷數|歷險|口述歷史|意識歷程|心路歷程|嶔崎歷落|大來歷|來歷不明|學歷|履歷|寂歷|履歷表|多歷年代|多歷年所|來歷|歷歷可考|旅歷|歷遍|歷亂|歷久不衰|歷歷可辨|歷沴|歷瀾|歷劫|爰歷篇|歷歷落落|歷齒|歷史語詞|歷盡艱辛|病歷表|歷盡艱險|沒來歷|歷有年所|歷盡滄桑|歷歷在目|的歷|歷經波折|歷下|病歷|歷史學|歷歷可數|蒸漚歷瀾|沒有來歷|涉歷|歷劫歸來|歷落|歷日|歷歷可紀|歷史劇|游歷|歷練老成|歷練之才|歷碌|歷歷如繪|歷歷可見|歷日曠久|歷山|歷審|歷夏經秋|歷史重演|歷史線圖|歷史時代|歷史年表|歷史名詞|欹嶔歷落|歷史小說|捫參歷井|歷史文學|歷正|歷久彌新|經歷|辟歷施鞭|遍歷|綿歷|簿歷|資歷|簡歷|過歷|身歷聲|諳歷|薊訓歷家|閱歷|親歷|親身經歷|遊歷|買物歷|歷覽|歷口|歷溪|凌歷}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

==Japanese==
{{ja-kanji forms|歴|歷}}

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=|rs=止12|shin=歴}}

# [[take place]], [[past]], [[history]]

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|on=れき, りゃく
|kun=へ-る
}}

==Korean==

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja|지내다|지낼|력||역}}

# {{hanja form of|[[력]]/[[역]]|[[go through]]}}
# {{hanja form of|[[력]]/[[역]]|[[experience]]}}
# {{hanja form of|[[력]]/[[역]]|[[undergo]]}}
# {{hanja form of|[[력]]/[[역]]|[[use up]]}}
# {{hanja form of|[[력]]/[[역]]|[[exhaust]]}}

====Compounds====
* {{ko-l|역사|[[history]]|歷史}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=lịch, lếch, lệch, rếch|rs=止12}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=止12}}