View source for 後

{{also|后}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==
{{stroke order|strokes=9}}

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=60|rad=彳|as=06|sn=9|four=22247|canj=HOVIE|ids=⿰彳⿱幺夊}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[䵈]], [[𠷴]], [[𢖕]]/[[𢖖]]}}

====References====
* {{Han ref|kx=0366.180|dkj=10098|dj=0688.010|hdz=20822.030|uh=5F8C|ud=24460|bh=ABE1|bd=44001}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|s=后}}
{{zh-wp|zh:後姓|nan:Hō͘ (chhek-pêng)}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
In oracle bone script, {{Han compound|ls=ic|幺|夊|t1=thread|t2=foot|nocap=yes}} – a foot bound by a rope, thus lagging behind. The component {{zh-l|*彳}} was added afterwards to emphasize this action.

Note that the simplified form {{och-l|*后}} is also a traditional character on its own, with a different meaning.

===Etymology===
From {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*hwak||below}} (STEDT). Cognate with {{cog|bo|འོག||below}}, {{cog|my|အောက်||under; below}}, {{cog|my|နောက်||behind}} (from {{cog|tbq-lob-pro|*ʔok|t=lower side; below}}).

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=hòu
|m-s=hou4/hou3
|dg=ху3
|c=hau6
|c-t=heu5,heu3
|c-t_note=heu3 - only in {{zh-l|*後生}}
|g=heu5
|h=pfs=hêu/heu;gd=hêu1/hêu4
|h_note=Sixian: hêu - vernacular; heu - literary
Meixian: hêu1 - vernacular; hêu4 - literary
|j=hou3
|mb=hē
|md=âu/hâu/hâiu
|md_note=âu - vernacular; hâu - vernacular (only in {{zh-l|*後生}}); hâiu - literary
|mn=xm,zz,zp,tp,kh,tn,tc,hc,lk,sx,yl,km,mg:āu/qz,jj,lk,ph:ǎu/xm,zz,zp,tp,kh,tn,tc,hc,sx,yl,km,mg:hāu/qz,lk,ph:hǎu/xm,zz,tw:hō͘/qz,jj,ph:hiǒ/tw:hiō
|mn_note=āu/ǎu - vernacular; hāu/hǎu - vernacular (only in {{zh-l|*後生}}, {{zh-l|*後的}}); hō͘/hiǒ/hiō - literary
|mn-t=ao6/hao6
|mn-t_note=ao6 - vernacular; hao6 - literary
|mn-l=ao6
|px=pt,xy:ao5/pt,xy:hao5/pt,xy:hieo5
|px_note=ao5 - vernacular; hao5 - vernacular (only in {{zh-l|*後生}}); hieo5 - literary
|w=sh:6gheu
|x=hou6/hou5
|x_note=hou6 - vernacular; hou5 - literary
|ma=y
|mc=y
|oc=y
|cat=n,adv
}}

===Definitions===
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[behind]]; [[rear]]; [[back]]
#: {{zh-x|後院|backyard}}
#: {{zh-x|背後|behind}}
#: {{ant|zh|前}}
# [[later]]; [[after]]; [[afterwards]]
#: {{zh-x|以後|after}}
#: {{zh-x|然後|after, afterwards}}
#: {{zh-x|畢業 後|after graduation}}
#: {{zh-x|三 天 後|after three days}}
# [[last]]
#: {{zh-x|後 五 名|the last five}}
# [[descendant]]s; [[offspring]]s
#: {{zh-x|無後|to lack male offspring}}
# [[post-]]
# {{lb|zh|literary}} [[anus]]
#: {{zh-x|寧為雞口&#65292;無為牛後|Better be the beak of a chicken than the '''anus''' of an ox (proverb)}}
# {{surname|zh}}

===Compounds===
{{col3|zh|後戲<t:[[afterplay]]>|不敢後人|不甘後人|不落人後|不顧前後|丟在腦後|之後|事後|人前人後|今後|以後|以觀後效|佛前佛後|倒前倒後|做後門|先人後己|先來後到|先公後私|先後|先後倒置|先憂後樂|先斬後奏|先斬後聞|先盛後衰|先禮後兵|先缺後空|先聲後實|先花後果|先行後聞|先難後獲|光前絕後|光前耀後|光前裕後|其後|最後|最後通牒|別後寒溫|前仆後繼|前仆後起|前仰後合|前俯後仰|前倨後卑|前倨後恭|前出後空|前前後後|前合後仰|前合後偃|前呼後應|前呼後擁|前因後果|前婚後嫁|前家後繼|前後|前後腳兒|前思後想|前推後擁|前歌後舞|前街後巷|前親晚後|前赴後繼|前遮後擁|前長後短|劈腦後|劫後餘燼|劫後餘生|午後|卯後酒|卻後|厥後|去後|參前落後|吃後悔藥|合後|名垂後世|名門之後|向後|售後服務|善後|嗣後|垂裕後昆|堂後官|外後日|大後天|大後年|大後方|奉轂後車|守先待後|小子後生|小後生|左右前後|巴前算後|幕後|延後|往後|後七子|後不為例|後世|後主|後事|後人|後代|後仰前合|後任|後來|後來之秀|後來居上|後備|後備軍人|後像|後元音|後先輝映|後兒|後凋|後加成分|後勁|後勤|後半世|後半夜|後半天|後半晌|後合前仰|後周|後命|後哨|後唐|後嗣|後園|後圖|後堂|後堯婆|後塵|後壁|後天|後夫|後妻|後娘|後婚兒|後媽|後嫁|後學|後學兒|後宮|後實先聲|後尾|後尾兒|後巷前街|後市|後年|後座|後座力|後庭|後庭花|後影|後心|後怕|後恭前倨|後悔|後悔不來|後悔不及|後悔何及|後悔無及|後悔莫及|後悔藥兒|後患|後患無窮|後慮|後房|後手|後手不上|後手不接|後手兒|後手錢|後掠翼|後援|後援會|後擁前呼|後擁前推|後擁前遮|後擁前驅|後效|後方|後日|後昆|後晉|後晌|後景|後會可期|後會有期|後會難期|後期|後果|後果前因|後果堪虞|後梁|後槽|後步|後段班|後母|後涼|後滾翻|後漢|後漢書|後漢紀|後燕|後父|後爹|後王|後生|後生可畏|後生小子|後生小輩|後生晚學|後發先至|後發制人|後盾|後知後覺|後視鏡|後福|後秦|後程|後綴|後繼|後繼乏人|後繼乏力|後繼有人|後繼無人|後繼無力|後續|後罩房|後肢|後背|後腦|後腦杓|後腰|後腳|後腿|後臉兒|後臺|後臺老闆|後葉|後藏|後蜀|後街|後衛|後裔|後襟|後覺|後言|後記|後話|後賬|後赤壁賦|後起|後起之秀|後起字|後趙|後跟|後路|後身|後車之戒|後輩|後退|後退色|後送|後進|後遺症|後邊|後醫系|後重|後門|後院|後面|後項|後頭|後顧|後顧之患|後顧之慮|後顧之憂|後顧之虞|後首|後魏|後龍鎮|從今以後|德垂後裔|忖前思後|思前想後|思前算後|恐後爭先|恥居王後|想前顧後|意前筆後|懲前毖後|打靠後|扯後腿|承先啟後|承前啟後|抽後腿|拉後腿|拋在腦後|拖後腿|掣後腿|揚名後世|攔前斷後|放馬後砲|敵後|敵後伏擊|敵後作戰|斃而後已|斷後|日後|明後|晚生後學|曙後星孤|書後|有後|末後|李後主|杜絕後患|松柏後凋|次後|歇後語|正後像|此後|步人後塵|步後塵|死而後已|死而後止|殿後|沒後|沒後跟|流芳後世|無後|然後|照後鏡|爭先恐後|爾後|牙後慧|牛後|產後檢查|甸後|留後手|留後步|留後路|百年之後|百歲之後|目前目後|看淡後市|瞠乎其後|瞠乎後矣|瞻前忽後|瞻前顧後|短後|秋後算帳|稍後|空前絕後|窮而後工|絕後|絕後光前|絕後患|絕後計|繪事後素|續後|續後漢書|置之腦後|羞以牛後|而今而後|而後|耕前耡後|肘後方|背前背後|背後|腦後|腳後跟|自後|舌尖後音|舌面後音|茶餘酒後|茶餘飯後|落後|落後國家|裡急後重|褪前擦後|誘掖後進|課後輔導|謀定後動|謀而後動|讀後感|負後像|貼後|走後門|超前絕後|趨前退後|跋前疐後|跋前躓後|身後|身後事|身後蕭條|退前縮後|退居幕後|退後|退有後言|過後|遠遠落後|遮前掩後|開後門|陰山背後|陳後主|隨後|雞口牛後|雨後春筍|靴後跟|預後|顧前顧後|顧後瞻前|飯後鐘|香煙後代|馬後炮|馬後砲|驢前馬後|黃花後生|70後|80後|90後|後姓|後頭灣|後崗|後龍|後壠//|後厝|後寮|nan:了後<tr:liáu-āu>|nan:後擺<tr:āu-pái>|考後}}

===Descendants===
{{CJKV||こう|j2=ご|후|hậu}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}
* {{thcwd|4914}}
* {{R:nan:Douglas|後|140}}

{{cat|cmn|Beginning Mandarin}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=2|rs=彳06}}

# [[behind]], [[after]]

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=ぐ
|kanon=こう
|toon=ご
|kun=あと-, うし-ろ, おくれ-, おく-れ, おく-れる, しり-, しり-え, のち-, ゆり-, うわ-
|nanori=こし, し, しい
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
* {{ja-r|後戯|こうぎ|[[afterplay]]}}
* {{ja-r|午後|ごご|[[afternoon]]}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 1===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|あと}}

Originally an extension of {{ja-r|跡|あと|footprint; leftover}}, itself a compound of {{ja-r|足|あ|foot}} + {{ja-r|所|と|place}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref><ref name="DJS">{{R:Daijisen}}</ref>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|あと|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR,SMK5}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|あと}}

# {{qualifier|[[spatially]]}} the [[back]], the [[rear]], [[behind]]
#: {{syn|ja|後ろ|後方}}
#: {{ja-x|子%犬が'''後'''からついてくる。|こ%いぬ が '''あと''' から ついて くる。|The puppy will follow behind.|lit=The puppy will follow from the '''back'''.}}
# {{qualifier|[[temporally]]}} [[later]] time, [[afterwards]], some [[time]] [[after]] the [[present]]
#: {{syn|ja|以後}}
#: {{ja-usex|'''後'''で[[連%絡]]します。|'''あと''' で れん%らく します。|I'll contact you '''later'''.}}
#: {{ja-usex-inline|[[会%議]]の'''後'''|かい%ぎ の '''あと'''|after the meeting}}
## [[time]] after [[death]]
##: {{syn|ja|死後}}
# {{q|in [[order]]}} the [[next]] [[person]] or [[thing]]
#: {{ant|ja|先|tr=saki}}
#: {{ja-usex-inline|名%簿の'''後'''の方|めい%ぼ の '''あと''' の かた|the '''next''' one on the roster}}
## [[instead]], [[in place of]]
##: {{ja-x|'''お後'''は何にしますか。|'''お-あと''' は なに に します か。|What are you going to do '''instead'''?}}
## [[successor]]
##: {{syn|ja|後継者|後任}}
## [[descendant]]s, [[offspring]]
##: {{syn|ja|子孫|後胤}}
## [[wife]] of [[remarriage]]
##: {{syn|ja|後妻}}
# the [[rest]]; certain [[part]], [[space]] or [[thing]] [[left]]
#: {{ja-usex|'''あと'''は[[頼む|頼ん]]だぞ。|'''あと''' は たのんだ ぞ。|I leave '''the rest''' to you.}}
## [[memory]] of the [[deceased]]; one's [[virtue]] that [[remain]]s after [[death]]
##: {{syn|ja|名残}}
##: {{ja-x|祖%父の'''後'''をしのぶ|^そ%ふ の '''あと''' を しのぶ|be in memory of Grandfather}}

====Adverb====
{{ja-pos|adv|あと}}

# [[later]], [[after]], [[from now on]]
#: {{ja-x|'''後''' 三%分で終%了します。|'''あと''' さん%-ぷん で しゅう%りょう します。|It will end in three minutes.|lit=It will end three minutes '''later'''.}}

====Conjunction====
{{ja-pos|conjunction|あと}}

# [[afterwards]], [[then]]
#: {{syn|ja|それから}}
#: {{ja-x|'''後'''、気%付いたことはありませんか。|'''あと'''、き%づいた こと は ありません か。|Have you ever noticed '''after that'''?}}

===Etymology 2===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|うしろ|alt=後ろ:common}}
{{ja-see|後ろ}}
{{-}}

===Etymology 3===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|おくれ}}

The {{m|ja|連用形|tr=ren'yōkei||continuative or stem form}} of verb {{m|ja|遅れる|tr=okureru||to be late; to be delayed; to come after something else}}. Examples appear from at least the 1300s.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>

More commonly spelled with the [[okurigana]].

====Definitions====
{{ja-see|遅れ}}

===Etymology 4===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|しり}}

Uncommon alternative spelling.

====Definitions====
{{ja-see|尻}}

===Etymology 5===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|しりえ|alt=後方}}

From {{inh|ja|ojp|sort=しりえ|-}}. Found in the ''{{w|Nihon Shoki}}'' of 720, and phonetically as {{m|ja||志利弊|tr=siripe<sub>1</sub>}} in the ''{{w|Man'yōshū}}'' of 759.<ref name="KDJ2-shirie>{{R:Nihon Kokugo Daijiten 2|後方・後}}</ref>

Compound of {{compound|ja|sort=しりえ|尻|tr1=shiri|t1=butt, tail, rear|方|tr2=e|t2=side, facing, way, direction}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|しりえ|acc=3|acc_ref=DJR|acc2=0|acc2_ref=DJR,SMK5}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|しりえ}}

# the [[rear]], [[back]], or [[backside]] of something
# the [[rearward]] or [[backward]] [[direction]]
# the portion of a [[palace]] where a [[queen]] or other [[female]] [[imperial]] [[consort]] lives

===Etymology 6===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|のち}}

From {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=のち}}. Ultimate derivation {{unk|ja|sort=のち|nocap=1}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|のち|acc=2|acc_ref=DJR,SMK5|acc2=0|acc2_ref=DJR,SMK5}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|のち}}

# [[later]], [[afterwards]], some [[time]] [[after]] the [[present]]
#: {{ja-usex|[[晴れ]]'''のち'''[[雨]]|はれ '''のち''' あめ|rains after sunshine}}

===Etymology 7===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|ゆり}}

From {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=ゆり}}. Ultimate derivation {{unk|ja|sort=ゆり|nocap=1}}. May be cognate with {{m|ja|より|tr=yori||from; after}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|ゆり}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|ゆり}}

# {{lb|ja|sort=ゆり|obsolete}} [[later]], [[afterwards]], some [[time]] [[after]] the [[present]]

===Etymology 8===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=toon|ご|alt=后}}

From {{der|ja|ltc|後|sort=こう|tr=huwX, huwH|t=after}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|ご|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR,SMK5}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|ご}}

# [[later]], [[afterwards]], some [[time]] [[after]] the [[present]]
#: {{ja-usex|彼は'''卒業後'''に結婚します。|かれ は '''そつぎょうご''' に けっこんします。|He is going to get married '''after the graduation'''.}}
#: {{ja-usex|彼は'''卒業後'''は大阪の会社に勤めます。|^かれ は '''そつぎょうご''' は ^おおさか の かいしゃ に つとめます。|He is going to work for a company in Osaka '''after the graduation'''.}}
#: {{ja-usex|'''卒業後'''、彼は小学校の先生になった。|'''そつぎょうご'''、かれ は しょうがっこう の せんせい に なった。|'''After the graduation''', he became a teacher at an elementary school.}}

====Suffix====
{{ja-pos|suffix|ご}}

# [[after]]

===Etymology 9===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=kanon|こう}}

From {{der|ja|ltc|sort=こう|後|tr=huwX||after}}. Classified as the ''[[漢音#Japanese|kan'on]]'', so likely a later borrowing. Compare modern {{cog|cmn|-}} reading ''hòu''.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|こう}}

====Prefix====
{{ja-pos|prefix|こう}}

# {{n-g|prefixing element in kanji compounds, adding a meaning of}} [[later]], [[after]], [[following]], [[rearward]]

=====Usage notes=====
Only used in compounds. Never used in isolation.

===References===
<references/>

{{top|ja|Future}}

==Korean==

===Etymology===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=후|-}} {{ltc-l|後|id=1}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-l|ᅘᅮᇢ〯|hhwǔw}}
|m={{okm-l|후〯|hwǔ}}
|mh={{okm-l|[[뒿|뒤〯]]|twǔy}}
|ml=雜語#하34B
}}

===Pronunciation===
{{ko-hanja-pron|후|l=y}}

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|뒤|후}}

# {{hanja form of|후|[[after]]}}
# {{hanja form of|후|[[behind]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|낙후|落後}}
* {{ko-l|노후|老後}}
* {{ko-l|배후|背後}}
* {{ko-l|사후|事後}}
* {{ko-l|사후|死後}}
* {{ko-l|선후|先後}}
* {{ko-l|오후|午後}}
* {{ko-l|이후|以後}}
* {{ko-l|전후|前後}}
* {{ko-l|직후|直後}}
* {{ko-l|차후|此後}}
* {{ko-l|최후|最後}}
* {{ko-l|추후|追後}}
* {{ko-l|향후|向後}}
* {{ko-l|후계|後繼}}
* {{ko-l|후기|後期}}
* {{ko-l|후대|後代}}
* {{ko-l|후면|後面}}
* {{ko-l|후문|後門}}
* {{ko-l|후반|後半}}
* {{ko-l|후방|後方}}
* {{ko-l|후배|後排}}
* {{ko-l|후세|後世}}
* {{ko-l|후속|後續}}
* {{ko-l|후손|後孫}}
* {{ko-l|후예|後裔}}
* {{ko-l|후원|後援}}
* {{ko-l|후자|後者}}
* {{ko-l|후진|後進}}
* {{ko-l|후천|後天}}
* {{ko-l|후퇴|後退}}
* {{ko-l|후회|後悔}}
* {{ko-l|후유증|後遺症}}
* {{ko-l|후식|後食}}
* {{ko-l|후첨|後添}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|3258}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=hậu|rs=彳06}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=彳06}}