Edit filter log

'{{More citations needed|date=August 2010}} {{Infobox settlement | name = West Champaran district | settlement_type = [[List of districts of Bihar|District of Bihar]] | total_type = Total | native_name = | image_map = Bihar district location map West Champaran.svg | map_caption = Location of West Champaran district in Bihar | coordinates = {{coord|26|48|N|84|30|E|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = Bettiah | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[India]] | subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Tirhut division|Tirhut]] | established_title = Established | established_date = | seat_type = Headquarters | seat = [[Bettiah]] | parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]] | parts_style = para | p1 = 18 | area_total_km2 = 5228 | area_rank = 1 (in bihar) | area_footnotes = | population_as_of = 2011 | population_total = 3,935,042 | population_footnotes = | population_urban = | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = Demographics | demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]] | demographics1_info1 = 58.06 per cent | demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio | demographics1_info2 = 906 | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]] | leader_name1 = [[Paschim Champaran Lok Sabha constituency|Paschim Champaran]], [[Valmiki Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Valmiki Nagar]] | leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]] | leader_name2 = [[Valmiki Nagar Assembly constituency|Valmiki Nagar]], [[Ramnagar, Paschim Champaran Assembly constituency|Ramnagar]], [[Narkatiaganj Assembly constituency|Narkatiaganj]], [[Bagaha Assembly constituency|Bagaha]], [[Lauriya Assembly constituency|Lauriya]], [[Nautan Assembly constituency|Nautan]], [[Chanpatia Assembly constituency|Chanpatia]], [[Bettiah Assembly constituency|Bettiah]], [[Sikta Assembly constituency|Sikta]] | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +05:30 | registration_plate = | blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]] | blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 28B (India)|NH 28B]] | blank_name_sec2 = | blank_info_sec2 = | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN Code]] | postal_code = [https://indiapincodes.net/Bihar/Pashchim-champaran/ 8454XX] | website = http://westchamparan.bih.nic.in/ | official_name = | image_skyline = The Gandak River from Indian side.jpg | image_caption = [[Gandaki River]] near [[Valmikinagar]] | image_seal = Bihar Government Banner.png }} '''West Champaran''' is an administrative [[district]] in the [[Indian state|state]] of [[Bihar]] in [[India]], located just {{Convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Birgunj]]. It is the largest district in bihar with an area of 5,228&nbsp;km²(2,019sq mi). It is a part of [[Tirhut Division]].<ref>http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316011819/http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/ |date=2015-03-16 }}</ref> The district headquarters are located in [[Bettiah]]. The district is known for its open border with [[Nepal]]. One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for [[Steel Authority of India|SAIL]] Special Processing Unit and [[Bhitiharwa Ashram railway station|Bhitiharwa]] where [[Mahatma Gandhi]] started [[Satyagraha|Satyagrah]] Aandolan. ==Geography== West Champaran district occupies an area of {{convert|5228|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Canada]]'s [[Amund Ringnes Island]].<ref name="Islands">{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 1998-02-18 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Amund Ringnes Island 5,255km2 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://archive.today/20151201081219/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | archive-date = 2015-12-01 }}</ref> ===Flora and fauna=== In 1989 West Champaran district became home to [[Valmiki National Park]], which has an area of {{convert|336|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}. It is also home to two [[Wildlife Sanctuaries in India|wildlife sanctuaries]]: Valmiki (adjacent to its namesake national park) and [[Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary]].<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment|title=Protected areas: Bihar|url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|access-date=September 25, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|archive-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> [[Fauna]] include the [[Bengal tiger]].<ref name="Jhalaetal2008">{{citation |title=Status of the Tigers, Co-predators, and Prey in India |editor1=[[Yadvendradev Vikramsinh Jhala|Jhala, Y. V.]] |editor2=Gopal, R. |editor3=Qureshi, Q. |publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi; Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun |year=2008 |series=TR 08/001 |url=http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status_of_tigers_in_india_2008.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602124630/http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status_of_tigers_in_india_2008.pdf |archive-date=2 June 2013 |df=dmy}}</ref><ref name="Jhaletal2011">[[Yadvendradev Vikramsinh Jhala|Jhala, Y. V.]], Qureshi, Q., Sinha, P. R. (Eds.) (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120120232451/http://www.projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/Tiger_Status_oct_2010.pdf ''Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India, 2010.''] National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. TR 2011/003 pp-302</ref> ==Sub-Divisions== West Champaran district comprises the following Sub-Divisions: [[Bettiah]], [[Bagaha]], and [[Narkatiaganj]]. Blocks: Bettiah, Sikta, Mainatand, Chanpattia, Bairia, Lauria, Bagaha - 1, Bagaha - 2, Madhubani, Gaunaha, Narkatiaganj, Manjhaulia, [[Nautan Assembly constituency|Nautan]], [[Jogapatti]], Ramnagar, Thakraha, Bhitaha, Piprasi The district is well connected by roads and railways to all major cities. ==Politics== [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]] in the district are [[Paschim Champaran Lok Sabha constituency|Paschim Champaran]], [[Valmiki Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Valmiki Nagar]]. [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]] in the district are [[Valmiki Nagar Assembly constituency|Valmiki Nagar]], [[Ramnagar, Paschim Champaran Assembly constituency|Ramnagar]], [[Narkatiaganj Assembly constituency|Narkatiaganj]], [[Bagaha Assembly constituency|Bagaha]], [[Lauriya Assembly constituency|Lauriya]], [[Nautan Assembly constituency|Nautan]], [[Chanpatia Assembly constituency|Chanpatia]], [[Bettiah Assembly constituency|Bettiah]], [[Sikta Assembly constituency|Sikta]] {{transcluded section|source=17th Bihar Assembly}} {{#section:17th Bihar Assembly|MLA Header}} {{#section:17th Bihar Assembly|West Champaran district}} |} ==Demographics== {{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,62,628|13=1911|14=8,12,855|15=1921|16=8,26,679|17=1931|18=9,13,931|19=1941|20=10,21,217|21=1951|22=10,71,382|23=1961|24=13,25,122|25=1971|26=15,87,019|27=1981|28=19,72,610|29=1991|30=23,33,666|31=2001|32=30,43,466|33=2011|34=39,35,042|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}{{bar box |title=Religions in West Champaran District<ref>{{cite web|title=Pashchim Champaran Religion-wise Data 2011|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/55-pashchim-champaran.html|publisher=Census 2011|access-date=13 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313155023/https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/55-pashchim-champaran.html|archive-date=13 March 2018}}</ref> |titlebar=#Fcd116 |left1=Religion |right1=Percent |float=right |bars= {{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|77.44}} {{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|21.98}} {{bar percent|Not Stated|black|0.24}} {{bar percent|Christian|blue|0.22}} {{bar percent|Others|grey|0.05}} {{bar percent|Buddhist|yellow|0.03}} {{bar percent|Sikh|olive|0.02}} {{bar percent|Jain|brown|0.01}} }} According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] West Champaran district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,935,042,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110611224943/http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | archive-date = 2011-06-11 }}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Liberia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est. | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-date = 27 September 2011 }}</ref> or the US state of [[Oregon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=2011-09-30|quote=Oregon 3,831,074|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|archive-date=2013-10-19}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 63rd in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 750 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.89%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Pashchim Champaran has a [[sex ratio]] of 906 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 58.06%. Scheduled Castes and Tribes made up 14.1% and 6.4% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/> ==Languages== {{Pie chart| thumb = right| caption = Languages in West Champaran (2011)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html |title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=26 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815035759/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html |archive-date=15 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> |label1=[[Bhojpuri Language|Bhojpuri]] |value1=91.86 |color1=Yellow |label2=[[Hindi]] |value2=3.32 |color2=Orange |label3=[[Urdu]] |value3=2.97 |color3=Green |label4=[[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value4=0.98 |color4=Red |label5=Others |value5=0.87 |color5=Pink }} At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 91.86% of the population in the district spoke [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 3.32% [[Hindi Language|Hindi]] and 2.97% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref> Languages include [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], a tongue in the [[Bihari language]] group with almost 51,000,000 speakers, written in both the [[Devanagari]] and [[Kaithi]] scripts.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bhojpuri: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bho | access-date = 2011-09-30 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111006002323/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bho | archive-date = 2011-10-06 }}</ref> ==Culture== The city is the birthplace of poet [[Gopal Singh Nepali]]. [[Mahatma Gandhi]] started the [[Champaran Satyagraha]] movement from here in 1917 along with nationalists [[Rajendra Prasad]], [[Anugrah Narayan Sinha]] and [[Brajkishore Prasad]]. ===Notable people=== <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> * [[Manoj Bajpayee]], Film actor. * [[Vinay Bihari]], Actor, Lyricist. * [[Mahatma Gandhi]], Freedom fighter who started the [[Champaran Satyagraha]] [[Satyagraha|movement]] here. * [[Sanjay Jaiswal]], Politician * [[Prakash Jha]], Film director. * [[Manish Jha]], Film director and theatre actor. * [[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]], Politician, Member of Parliament. * [[Krishna Kumar Mishra]], Politician. * [[Vikas Mishra (economist)]] * [[Gopal Singh Nepali]], Hindi poet. * [[Gauri Shankar Pandey]], Politician. * [[Kedar Pandey]], Former Chief Minister of Bihar * [[Raghaw Sharan Pandey]], IAS (Retd), Former Union Petroleum Secretary, Politician * [[Damodar Raao]], Film Music Director, Actor & Singer * [[Valmiki|Valmiki Rishi]], an ascetic who wrote Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] here. [Sunil Kumar], Member of Parliament <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> == See also == *[[East Champaran district]] == References == {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{EB1911 poster|Champaran}} * [https://westchamparan.nic.in/ West Champaran Official website] {{Geographic location |Centre = West Champaran district |North = {{NEP|Nepal}} |Northeast = |East = |Southeast = [[East Champaran district]] |South = [[Gopalganj District, India|Gopalganj district]] |Southwest = |West = [[Kushinagar district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] |Northwest = [[Maharajganj district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] }} {{Districts of Bihar}} {{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}} {{Tirhut Division}} {{Tirhut Division topics}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:West Champaran District}} [[Category:West Champaran district| ]] [[Category:Tirhut division]] [[Category:Districts of Bihar]] [[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]] [[Category:1972 establishments in Bihar]]'