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Snow Leopard Commando Unit

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Snow Leopard Commando Unit
雪豹突击队 (Chinese)
The arm patch formerly used by SWCU operators
The arm patch formerly used by SWCU operators
ActiveDecember 2002 (existence only revealed on 29 August 2006)[1] – present
Country China
AgencyPeople's Armed Police
TypePolice tactical unit
Role
Part ofBeijing General Corps[2]
HeadquartersGuangzhou, Guangdong Province
AbbreviationSLCU
Structure
Officers400
Notables
Significant operation(s)

The Snow Leopard Commando Unit (SLCU, Simplified Chinese: 雪豹突击队), formerly known as the Snow Wolf Commando Unit (SWCU, Simplified Chinese: 雪狼突击队), is a People's Armed Police (PAP) tactical unit in the People's Republic of China.[1] Its tasks include counterterrorism, hostage rescue, riot control, serving high-risk arrest and search warrants, anti-hijacking, anti-WMD terrorism, bomb disposal, counterinsurgency, crowd control, law enforcement tactics against crime, VBSS, and VIP protection. The SLCU, along with Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau's SWAT unit (under the Ministry of Public Security (MPS)), was tasked with many of the security responsibilities of the 2008 Summer Olympics.[3]

Officially, the SLCU is the 3rd Group, 13th Detachment, People's Armed Police Beijing General Corps.[2]

The former "Snow Wolf" name was inspired by the ability of the Arctic wolf to survive and thrive under harsh conditions.[4]

History

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The SWCU was secretly established in December 2002 and trained in secret for five years.[5] The SWCU and the Beijing SWAT unit were unveiled in a demonstration at the Beijing Police Academy on 27 April 2006[6] as part of a public relations effort to illustrate the capabilities of the PAP to deal with terrorism, the protection of delegates, and to enforce law and order in the 2008 Beijing Olympics.[1] The SWCU had participated in an anti-terrorist exercises with Russia on 4 September 2007 known as "Cooperation-2007."[7] On 13 November 2007, SWCU operators were involved in anti-terrorist exercise before foreign military VIPs.[8] SWCU operators have been deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq to protect Chinese diplomatic personnel.[2]

The unit's name was changed in 2008 to the Snow Leopard Commando Unit.[4] According to Qu Liangfeng, a senior PAP officer in charge of the daily operations of SWCU, the name change was "inspired by the story of a brave and cunning snow leopard, which escaped an ambush by a hunter and his eight hunting dogs."[4]

In 2011, the SLCU deployed to Xinjiang to support counter-terror police operations[9] and provide security for the China-Eurasian Expo convention.[10]

In 2013 and 2014, the SLCU participated in the Annual Warrior Competition.[11][12]

Training and selection

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SLCU applicants must have one to two years of PAP service and undergo interviews, physical and psychological tests.[1] In 2006, the average age of SLCU officers was 22 years, with most entering at 18; the SLCU was among the youngest in the Chinese counter-terrorism community.[13]

Candidates undergo physical training, driving lessons for various vehicles, and weapons training.[14][15] Physical training includes 200 push-ups, 200 sit-ups, 100 squats, lifting barbells 200 times and carrying a 35 kg load for a 10 km cross-country run.[1] Afterward, they are assigned to the Beijing General Corps' 13th Detachment, where the SLCU is based.[2][16]

Organisation

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The SLCU consists of four squadrons assigned with very specific responsibilities:[16]

Squadron Duty
9th and 10th Squadrons Counter-Terrorism
11th Squadron Obstacle Removal, Bomb Disposal, Anti-WMD Terrorism
12th Squadron Snipers

Weapons and equipment

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The SLCU was shown in the demonstrations armed with the QBZ-95B-1 and QSZ-92,[17] but they will most likely also be armed with a wide variety of submachine guns and other firearms.[18] The SLCU is armed with the JS9, the CS/LM6, the QBS06, QBZ09, the PF-89 and the QLU-11.[17][19] The unit also uses the Norinco CQ-A.[20]

The unit has spent about CNY 2 million (approximately US$ 258,000) in domestically manufactured armored personnel carriers for riot control and has also imported CNY 4 million worth of American-manufactured vehicles and equipment.[18]

Each SLCU operator is estimated to be outfitted with CNY 300,000 (approximately US$48,000) worth of equipment, including their body armor and communications equipment.[21][22] The SLCU is the first unit in the PAP to be equipped with the W-15 helmet, an improved version of the QGF11, in 2015.[23][24]

Uniform

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The SLCU is known to wear the Type 05 digital camouflage uniform issued by the PAP, although they are now using the Type 07 digital camouflage uniform.[25] In overseas operations, they have velcro patches with the Chinese flag and 'CHINA' on the patch, usually with the language of the region where they operate in.[25]

See also

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Equivalents

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e 装备堪比欧美：中国雪狼突击队揭开神秘面纱 (in Chinese). Sina. 13 September 2006. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d "People's Armed Police Beijing General Corps". Archived from the original on 10 April 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  3. ^ "People's Armed Police Special Police Units". Archived from the original on 19 November 2007. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  4. ^ a b c "Beijing's Answer to Bond". Beijing Review. 17 January 2008. Archived from the original on 21 November 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  5. ^ MacLeod, Calum (17 July 2008). "Missiles, 100K police on China's Olympic team". USA Today. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  6. ^ 图文：雪狼突击队员手持95式自动步枪射击 (in Chinese). Sina.com. 13 September 2006. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  7. ^ "Sino-Russian Anti-terror Exercise Kicks Off". Xinhua News Agency. 4 September 2007. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  8. ^ "'Snow Leopard' ready for combat". china.org.cn. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  9. ^ "China sentences four to death for violence in Xinjiang | DW | 15.09.2011". Deutsche Welle.
  10. ^ "Chinese commandos in campaign against Xinjiang's Islamist 'rebels'". Independent.co.uk. 8 November 2011.
  11. ^ "雪豹突击队，前身为"雪狼突击队"". 12 June 2019. Archived from the original on 30 May 2020.
  12. ^ "解放军特种部队的帅气别名 ——国防部网站". www.mod.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 30 May 2020. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  13. ^ 直击北京奥运反恐训练：雪狼突击队秘密集训3年 (in Chinese). Sina.com. 10 August 2006. Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  14. ^ "Snow Leopards, Blue Swords ready to keep Games safe". China.org. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  15. ^ "Snow Leopard Commando Ready for Combat". CRI English. 20 June 2008. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  16. ^ a b "People's Armed Police Special Police Units". Archived from the original on 14 September 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  17. ^ a b "精锐"反恐精英"，雪豹突击队重装化，不仅有突击步枪更有火箭筒_手枪". Sohu. Archived from the original on 30 May 2020.
  18. ^ a b 奥运安保进入实战演练 反恐精英雪狼突击队(图) (in Chinese). Sohu.com. 6 January 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2008.
  19. ^ "Chinese CS/LS06 'Chang Feng' sub-machine gun - Armament Research Services (ARES)". 28 August 2019.
  20. ^ "Chinese Counter-Terrorism Unit using M4 Clone (Norinco CQ-A) -". 9 June 2013.
  21. ^ "Anti-terrorism force in action ahead of Olympics". China.org.cn. 18 June 2008. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  22. ^ 奥运雪狼：北京奥运反恐训练直击 (in Chinese). Sina.com. 10 August 2006. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
  23. ^ "从Gk80到W15：军校学员浅谈我军军用头盔发展史 - 中国军视网" (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 19 December 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  24. ^ "从老式80钢盔到15特战盔，中国自主防弹钢盔发展简史_头盔". Sohu.
  25. ^ a b Lai (2012), p. 58.

Bibliography

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