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Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (AP Sunnis)

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Not to be confused with Samastha Kerala Jam-iyyathul Ulama or All India Sunni Jamiyyathul Ulama.

Samastha Kerala Jam-iyyathul Ulama (AP Sunnis)
Formation1986[1]
FounderKanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar
TypeSunni-Shafi'i scholarly council
General Secretary
Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar
President
E. Sulaiman Musliyar
Treasurer
Kottur Kunjammu Musliyar[2]
Secretaries
Vice Presidents
  • Sayyid Ali Bafaqi Thangal[2]
  • P. A. Aidrus Musliyar Kollam[2]
  • K. S. Attakoya Thangal Kumbol[2]
Websitesamastha.in
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Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (AP Sunnis) of A. P. Sunnis, also known as Samastha (AP Faction)[3][4][5][6][7] and AP Samastha,[3] is a Sunni-Shafi'i Muslim scholarly body in Kerala.[8][9][10][11] The council administers Shafi'ite mosques, institutes of higher religious learning (the equivalent of north Indian madrasas) and madrasas (institutions where children receive basic Islamic education) in India.[8] There are two organisations known as Samastha, one named after E. K. Aboobacker Musliyar and the other after Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar, both of which emerged in 1989, due to organisational disagreement in Samastha.[12][13]

EK Sunnis have had supported IUML whereas AP Sunnis have had supported LDF and CPM.[14] There have been talks for rapprochement between these two Sunni groups.[15] As of 26 June 2023 there are around 10435 madrasas[clarification needed] in India under Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (AP faction).[16]

Similar to EK Sunnis, a forty-member council also known as the 'mushawara' functions a high command body of AP Sunnis.[15][17] As of December 2023 the council includes general secretary Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar; president E. Sulaiman Musliar; vice president Syed Attakoya Thangal; treasurer Kottur Kunjammu Musliyar;[2] secretaries Sayyid Ibraheem Khaleel Al Bukhari, Ponmala Abdul Khadir Musliar and Perod Abdurahman Saqafi;[18] vice presidents Syyid Ali Bafaqi Thangal, P. A. Aidrus Muslyar Kollam and K. S. Attakoya Thangal Kumbol.[2]

Formation of Samastha

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Samastha was founded with an aim to fight "deviant sects", including Wahhabis and Salafis, in 1926 by people including Varakkal Mullakoya Thangal, Pangil Ahmed Kutty Musliyar and Muhammad Abdul Bari Musliyar at a meeting in Kozhikode Town Hall. Later in 1934 Samastha got registered. Sunni scholars formed the organisation in response to—the reformist movement began in the 1920s that formed Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangam (1922–1934) driven by Vakkom Moulavi, Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (established 1924) and KNM (founded 1950). Mujahids derived from the Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangam.[14] Since the 1920s though several organisations have participated in debates, Sunnis and Mujahids have had most frequent debates between them.[19][20]

Population makeup

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Traditionally Muslims of Kerala are Sunnis, predominantly Shafi'is where around two-thirds of the Muslim population is AP and EK Sunnis, respective Samasthas of which emerged in 1989 due to disagreement in Samastha. The reformist Mujahids, belonging to the Salafi movement, make up around 10 percent of the total Muslim population of Kerala. Though there is presence of groups like Tabligi Jamaat and Jamaate Islami, by far biggest groupings are Sunnis and Mujahids.[8][11][13]

Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (AP faction), Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (EK faction), Dakshina Kerala Jamiyyathul Ulama and Kerala Samsthna Jem-iyyathul Ulama are different factions of Sunnis in Kerala, while Dakshina Kerala Je-iyyathul Ulama is the dominant group in the southern part of the state.[21]

Ideological difference

[edit]

Samastha began in 1926 to counter the Vakkom Moulavi's Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangam[14]—the precursor of KNM and the wider Mujahid movement. Only traditionalist Sunnis are called Sunnis in Kerala in contrast to the reformist ones. The four different factions of Sunnis in Kerala have "almost the same ideology and beliefs". Haris Madani, a young scholar belonging to AP Sunnis, in 2022, said the difference between AP and EK Sunnis is purely organisational whereas Husain Madavoor, a Mujahid leader, considers fiqh to be irrelevant.[8][11][13][21]

AP Sunnis' Samastha in their own words

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Change of name

[edit]

Kanthapuram, a leader of AP Sunnis says Sunnis formed an organisation to counter the religious reformists with the name Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama. But the reformist people had registered the same name. So Sunnis had to add the term "Samastha" to the name of the organisation at the conference held at Kozhikode Town Hall on 26 June 1926.[22]

Presently Mujahids have an organisation named Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama founded in 1924.[23][24]

Flag

[edit]

According to AP Sunnis, Samastha for the first time adopted the Samastha's flag on 29 December 1963, at a meeting of Samastha held at the Thalankara Malik Dinar Valiya Jumuath Mosque in Kasaragod. The flag was adopted with minor modification including the removal of the script from the flag that was then in use by the All India Sunni Jem-iyyathul Ulama.[25]

Reorganisation

[edit]

Kanthapuram further says Samastha was reorganised and went ahead with the interests Samastha had at the time of its formation, when there were attempts to join with the reformists and deviate in Samastha around 1989. [22]

Success

[edit]

Kanthapuram explains people unitedly supported Samastha after its formation. He also says after the reorganisation in 1989, the Samastha went ahead with strong force, with all policies and ideologies of Samastha all over India and outside.[22]

Subsidiaries

[edit]

Samastha of AP Sunnis have several subsidiaries.[26][27] They include:

  • Kerala Muslim Jama'ath[28]
  • Sunni Management Association (SMA)
  • Educational board
    • Samastha Kerala Sunni Vidhyabhyasa Board
    • Islamic Educational Board of India (IEBI)
  • Madrasa teachers' association – Samastha Kerala Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen (SKSJM)[29][30] or shortly, Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen (SJM)[31][32]
  • Youth wing – Samastha Kerala Sunni Yuvajana Sangham (SYS)
  • Student wing – Sunni Students Federation (SSF)
  • Jamiathul Hind

Other entities of AP Sunnis

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Organisations

[edit]

Periodicals

[edit]

Notable institutions

[edit]

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2023/Jul/04/by-revisiting-unity-talks-sunni-groups-look-to-bury-differences-2591117.html
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama: Kanthapuram again general secretary; E. Sulaiman Musliyar president". www.thejasnews.com (in Malayalam). 23 February 2024. Archived from the original on 7 March 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Kanthapuram Samastha kicks off centenary celebrations". The Hindu. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  4. ^ "Increase in suicides linked to ignorance, says Kanthapuram". mathrubhumi.com. 12 July 2024. Archived from the original on 13 July 2024. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
  5. ^ "No freedom for Islamic activities in any country like that in India, says Keralite Muslim scholar". ThePrint. 28 January 2023. Archived from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Dubai Grand Mufti praises religious tolerance in India". Arab News. 28 April 2011. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  7. ^ a b "Samastha will develop 10,000 model villages in three years, says Kanthapuram". www.onmanorama.com. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d Osella, Filippo; Osella, Caroline (2008). "Islamism and Social Reform in Kerala, South India" (PDF). Modern Asian Studies. 42 (2–3): 317–346. doi:10.1017/S0026749X07003198. S2CID 143932405. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 March 2024 – via SOAS Research Online.
  9. ^ Santhosh, R.; Visakh, M. S. (2020). "Muslim League in Kerala: Exploring the Question of 'Being Secular'". Economic and Political Weekly. 55 (7): 7–8.
  10. ^ Kooria, Mahmood (2018). "An Ethno-History of Islamic Legal Texts". Oxford Journal of Law and Religion. 7 (2): 313–338. doi:10.1093/ojlr/rwy034. ISSN 2047-0770.
  11. ^ a b c "Kanthapuram Samastha kicks off centenary celebrations". The Hindu. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  12. ^ "Kanthapuram Samastha kicks off centenary celebrations". The Hindu. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  13. ^ a b c "Sunni factions bury their differences". The Hindu. 12 February 2022. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  14. ^ a b c Alingal, Shafeeq (7 January 2018). "Kerala: League of Factions". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020.
  15. ^ a b Naha, Abdul Latheef (18 January 2018). "Sunni factions to bury the hatchet". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  16. ^ a b "Samastha is a model of co-existence: Kanthapuram". Keralakaumudi Daily. Archived from the original on 15 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  17. ^ Alingal, Shafeeq (7 January 2018). "Kerala: League of Factions". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020.
  18. ^ "Kanthapuram Samastha kicks off centenary celebrations". The Hindu. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  19. ^ "By revisiting unity talks, Sunni groups look to bury differences". The New Indian Express. 4 July 2023. Archived from the original on 7 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  20. ^ Menon, Nandagopal R. (2018). "What Do Polemics Do? Religion, Citizenship, and Secularism in South Indian Islam". History of Religions. 58 (2): 128–164. doi:10.2307/26548200. ISSN 0018-2710.
  21. ^ a b "By revisiting unity talks, Sunni groups look to bury differences". The New Indian Express. 4 July 2023. Archived from the original on 7 July 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  22. ^ a b c Musliyar, Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker (26 June 2024). "Samastha: legacy of a century". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 20 July 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  23. ^ Meethal, Amiya (7 December 2016). "Kerala: Islamic State concerns oiled wheels of Mujahid merger". www.deccanchronicle.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  24. ^ Menon, Nandagopal R. (2018). "What Do Polemics Do? Religion, Citizenship, and Secularism in South Indian Islam". History of Religions. 58 (2): 128–164. doi:10.2307/26548200. ISSN 0018-2710.
  25. ^ "Samastha's tricolour flag turns 60 today". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 24 July 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  26. ^ Musliyar, Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker (26 June 2024). "Samastha: legacy of a century". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 20 July 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  27. ^ Thadathil, Hashim (2020). "Constructing Authenticity in Discourse(s): Debates among the Mappila Muslims of Malabar, South India". Asian Journal of Social Science. 48 (5/6): 449–467. ISSN 1568-4849.
  28. ^ Alingal, Shafeeq (7 January 2018). "Kerala: League of Factions". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020.
  29. ^ "Action plan against drugs through madrasas". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  30. ^ "Samastha Kerala Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen". sjmindia.org. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  31. ^ "Samastha Kerala Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen". sjmindia.org. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  32. ^ "Action plan against drugs through madrasas". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  33. ^ "Kanthapuram Samastha kicks off centenary celebrations". The Hindu. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 22 June 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  34. ^ "Kanthapuram A P Muhammad Musliar passes away at 72". The New Indian Express. 21 November 2022. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  35. ^ Ameerudheen, T. A. (23 January 2018). "Big deal: Merger of two factions of a Muslim group could realign political forces in Kerala". Scroll.in. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  36. ^ "Publish community representation data in key posts: Kanthapuram AP Aboobacker Musaliyar". The Times of India. 27 June 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  37. ^ "Kerala's Warring Sunni Groups Now in Tussle Over Appointment of First South Indian as Grand Mufti of Muslims". News18. 6 March 2019. Archived from the original on 22 November 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  38. ^ "Action plan against drugs through madrasas". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  39. ^ Thadathil, Hashim (2020). "Constructing Authenticity in Discourse(s): Debates among the Mappila Muslims of Malabar, South India". Asian Journal of Social Science. 48 (5/6): 449–467. ISSN 1568-4849.
  40. ^ "Risala weekly". Archived from the original on 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  41. ^ "Muslims in India have more religious freedom: Sunni leader". The New Indian Express. 29 January 2023. Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  42. ^ "Sunni Voice campaign activities to begin on sixth". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  43. ^ "About us – SUNNIVOICE". 21 August 2013. Archived from the original on 27 June 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  44. ^ "Samastha Kerala Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen". sjmindia.org. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  45. ^ "Action plan against drugs through madrasas". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  46. ^ "Samastha Kerala Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen". sjmindia.org. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  47. ^ "Action plan against drugs through madrasas". Sirajlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
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