Nabha State
Nabha State | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Princely State | |||||||||||
1763–1947 | |||||||||||
![]() Nabha State in a 1911 map of Ludhiana district | |||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||
• 1901 | 2,502 km2 (966 sq mi) | ||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||
• 1901 | 297,949 | ||||||||||
Historical era | New Imperialism | ||||||||||
• Established | 1763 | ||||||||||
• Accession to the Dominion of India | 1947 | ||||||||||
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Today part of | India |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Imperial_India%3B_an_artist%27s_journals_%281879%29_%2814597378638%29.jpg/220px-Imperial_India%3B_an_artist%27s_journals_%281879%29_%2814597378638%29.jpg)
Nabha State,[1] with its capital at Nabha, was one of the Phulkian princely states of Punjab during the British Raj in India.[2] Nabha was ruled by Jat Sikhs of the Sidhu clan.[3]
History
[edit]![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2023) |
Origin
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Detail_of_the_main%2C_continuous_tract_of_territory_of_Nabha_State_from_a_map_created_by_the_British_East_India_Company_of_the_Malwa_region_of_Punjab_showing_the_various_polities%2C_borders%2C_and_settlements_of_the_area%2C_ca.1829%E2%80%931835.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg)
The ruling house of Nabha belonged to the Phulkian dynasty, sharing a common ancestor named Tiloka with the Jind rulers. Tiloka (r. 1652–1687) was the eldest son of Phul Sidhu of the Phulkian dynasty.[a][4] The Nabha rulers descend from Gurditta (Gurdit Singh; r. 1687–1754), the elder son of Tiloka.[4] Gurditta was the founder of the localities of Dhanaula and Sangrur. Sangrur was the headquarters of the state till it was captured by Jind State. Gurditta died in 1754.[4] His only son Surat (or Suratya) Singh had died two years earlier in 1752, leaving his grandson, Hamir Singh, as the next in line.[4] Hamir Singh was the founder of the locality of Nabha and the first ruler of Nabha State.[5]
Foundation of the locality and state
[edit]The locality of Nabha was founded by Hamir Singh of the Phulkian dynasty in 1755, whilst the state itself was founded slightly after in 1763 by Hamir Singh.[6] The state at that period of time was composed of twelve scattered territories.[6] Hamir Singh died in 1783 and was succeeded by Jaswant Singh.[4] However, a regency was in-place between 1783–1790.[4] Jaswant Singh assumed full control on 1790 and ruled until 1840.[4]
Alliance with the British
[edit]Between 1807–08, the ruler of Nabha was afforded British protection from the threat posed by Ranjit Singh and his encroaching Lahore State.[6] Nabha State was loyal to the British during the Indian Mutiny of 1857, earning territory grants as a reward due to this.[6] In 1911, Hira Singh took-on the maharaja title.[4] Ripudaman Singh abdicated the throne of Nabha on 8 July 1923.[4]
Dissolution
[edit]In the happenings of Indian independence in 1947, Nabha was one of the five Phulkian states that merged to become P.E.P.S.U., which itself was gradually merged into Punjab state.[6]
State forces
[edit]The Nabha State Force consisted of a 500-strong infantry unit, including the Nabha Akal Infantry.[7]
List of rulers
[edit]No. | Name
(Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Reign | Enthronement | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sardars | |||||
1 | Hamir Singh (died 1783) |
![]() |
1763 – 1783 | ? | [5][6][4] |
Rajas | |||||
2 | Jaswant Singh (1775 – 22 May 1840) |
![]() |
1783 – 1840 | ? | [5][4] |
3 | Devinder Singh (5 September 1822 – 14/15 November 1865) |
![]() |
1840 – 1846 | 15 October 1840 | [5][4] |
4 | Bharpur Singh (5 October 1840 – 9 November 1863) |
![]() |
1846 – November 1863 | ? | [5][4] |
5 | Bhagwan Singh (30 November 1842 – 31 May 1871) |
![]() |
1863 – 1871 | 17 February 1864 | [5][4] |
Maharajas | |||||
6 | Hira Singh (19 December 1843 – 24 December 1911) |
![]() |
1871 – 1911 | 10 August 1871 | [5][4] |
7 | Ripudaman Singh (4 March 1883 – 14 December 1942) |
![]() |
1911 – 1923 | 24 January 1912 | [5][4] |
8 | Pratap Singh (21 September 1919 – 22 July 1995) |
![]() |
1923 – 1948 | [5][4] |
Demographics
[edit]Religious group |
1901[8] | 1911[9][10] | 1921[11] | 1931[12] | 1941[13] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
Hinduism ![]() |
160,553 | 53.89% | 126,414 | 50.79% | 133,870 | 50.84% | 132,354 | 46.02% | 146,518 | 43.09% |
Sikhism ![]() |
78,361 | 26.3% | 76,198 | 30.62% | 78,389 | 29.77% | 97,452 | 33.89% | 122,451 | 36.01% |
Islam ![]() |
58,550 | 19.65% | 46,032 | 18.5% | 50,756 | 19.27% | 57,393 | 19.96% | 70,373 | 20.7% |
Jainism ![]() |
476 | 0.16% | 238 | 0.1% | 278 | 0.11% | 309 | 0.11% | 480 | 0.14% |
Christianity ![]() |
7 | 0% | 5 | 0% | 41 | 0.02% | 66 | 0.02% | 221 | 0.06% |
Zoroastrianism ![]() |
2 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
Buddhism ![]() |
0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
Judaism ![]() |
0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
Others | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 1 | 0% |
Total population | 297,949 | 100% | 248,887 | 100% | 263,334 | 100% | 287,574 | 100% | 340,044 | 100% |
Note: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. |
Gallery
[edit]-
Photograph of Gurdwara Siropa Sahib in Nabha state, where historical Sikh relics and artefacts were kept for safe-keeping, published in Mahan Kosh (1930), ca.1920s
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Photograph of the Hira Mahal building in Nabha state, published in Mahan Kosh (1930), ca.1920s
See also
[edit]- Patiala and East Punjab States Union
- Political integration of India
- Phulkian sardars
- Phulkian Misl
- Patiala State
- Jind State
- Faridkot State
- Malaudh
- Bhadaur
- Kaithal
- Cis-Sutlej states
Notes
[edit]- ^ Tiloka's personal name is alt. latinized as 'Tilokha'.
- ^ 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis
References
[edit]- ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 18, p. 271.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 147.
- ^ Bates, Crispin (26 March 2013). Mutiny at the Margins: New Perspectives on the Indian Uprising of 1857: Volume I: Anticipations and Experiences in the Locality. SAGE Publishing India. ISBN 978-81-321-1589-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Truhart, Peter (2017). Regents of Nations: Asia, Australia-Oceania, Part 2 (Reprint ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 1398. ISBN 9783111616254.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Singh, Bhagat (1993). "Chapter 14 - The Phulkian Misl". A History of the Sikh Misals. Publication Bureau, Punjabi University.
- ^ a b c d e f "Nabha | Princely State, Maharaja, Punjab | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "X. Nabha State Forces". Nabha Administration: A Review of Recent Years. Council of Regency of Nabha State. 1939. p. 29.
- ^ "Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province". 1901. p. 34. JSTOR saoa.crl.25363739. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1911. p. 27. JSTOR saoa.crl.25393788. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Kaul, Harikishan (1911). "Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II". p. 27. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ "Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables". 1921. p. 29. JSTOR saoa.crl.25430165. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ "Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1931. p. 277. JSTOR saoa.crl.25793242. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab". 1941. p. 42. JSTOR saoa.crl.28215541. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
External links
[edit]Media related to Nabha State at Wikimedia Commons