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Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

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Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
Ispiker ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Pilipinas
Seal of the Philippine House of Representatives
Flag of the House of Representatives
since July 25, 2022
StyleMr. Speaker
(informal)
The Honorable
(formal)
TypeSpeaker of the lower house
Member ofHouse of Representatives of the Philippines
SeatBatasang Pambansa Complex, Quezon City
AppointerPhilippine House of Representatives
Term lengthAt the House's pleasure[note 1]
Inaugural holderSergio Osmeña
FormationOctober 16, 1907; 116 years ago (1907-10-16)
SuccessionThird in the Presidential Line of Succession
WebsiteSpeaker of the House

The speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (Filipino: Ispiker ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Pilipinas), more popularly known as the House speaker, is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives, as well as the fourth-highest official of the government of the Philippines.

The speaker is elected by a majority of all of the representatives from among themselves. The speaker is the third and last in the line of succession to the presidency, after the vice president and the Senate president.

A speaker may be removed from office in a coup, or can be replaced by death or resignation. In some cases, a speaker may be compelled to resign at the middle of a Congress' session after he has lost support of the majority of congressmen; in that case, an election for a new speaker is held. Despite being a partisan official, the speaker (or whoever is presiding) does not vote unless in breaking ties in accordance with the Rules of the House of Representatives.

The current House speaker is Martin Romualdez of Leyte-1st congressional district. He was elected as speaker on July 25, 2022, the first day of the 19th Congress.

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Election

See also: List of Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives elections

When the office of speaker is vacant (usually at the beginning of a new Congress), the secretary-general of the House sits as the speaker until a person is elected. A speaker is usually elected via majority vote via roll call of the representatives, after nomination at the start of each new Congress. Usually, despite the current multi-party system used, only two representatives are nominated, with nominations being agreed upon before each Congress during caucuses between the administration and opposition coalitions, with the chosen candidate of the majority coalition being almost certain to win by a large margin. The two competing candidates by tradition vote for each other; those who voted for the speaker-elect is assigned as the "majority" coalition while those who didn't are the minority coalition, with the losing candidate usually being named as minority leader.

In the 2013 election, there were three candidates for the speakership. In this case, the candidates didn't vote for each other, and the second-placed candidate became minority leader and headed the minority bloc. The third-placed candidate became the leader of the "independent minority" bloc. Only the majority and minority blocs were given seats in committees. There was a chance that neither candidate would get a majority of votes; it is undetermined on what should be done if that happened.

Role

According to Section 15 of Rule 4 of the House Rules, the Speaker of the House has the following duties and powers:

  1. Prepare the legislative agenda for each session, ensure efficient deliberation and swift approval of measures, and coordinate with Deputy Speakers and committee leaders.
  2. Conduct regular caucuses to discuss priority measures and facilitate dialogue among members.
  3. Supervise all committees, hold regular meetings with committee leaders, and ensure legislative targets align with the House's agenda.
  4. Establish an information management system to facilitate legislative work and public information.
  5. Monitor and evaluate the performance of the House, its members, and committees.
  6. Coordinate with the Senate to track and facilitate action on House measures.
  7. Preside over House sessions, make rulings on order, and designate temporary presiding officers when necessary.
  8. Maintain order and decorum within the House premises.
  9. Sign official House documents, including acts, resolutions, and subpoenas.
  10. Perform administrative duties, such as appointing personnel, imposing disciplinary measures, and managing budgetary and merit-based policies.
  11. Prepare the House's annual budget with the Committee on Accounts.
  12. Develop rules for public access to members' personal data and assets in consultation with the Committee on Rules.
  13. Implement a drug testing system for House members and staff.
  14. Require performance reports from committees and House officers.

And according to Section 16 of the Rule 4 of the Rules of the House, the speaker must "be the permanent head of delegation and representative of the House in all international parliamentary gatherings and organizations: Provided, that the Speaker may designate any Member to be the representative of the Speaker. The Speaker shall also determine, upon the recommendation of the Majority Leader, in consultation with the Chairperson of the Committee on Inter-Parliamentary Relations and Diplomacy, who shall constitute the House delegation to any international conference or forum of parliamentarians and legislators and the secretariat support staff to be mobilized for the purpose."

List of speakers

National Assembly
(1898–1901)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
– Pedro Paterno
Member for Ilocos Norte
(1857–1911) 		September 15,
1898 		November 13,
1899 		Independent National Assembly
Philippine Assembly
(1907–1916)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
1 Sergio Osmeña
Member for Cebu–2nd
(1878–1961) 		October 16,
1907 		October 16,
1916 		Nacionalista 1st Legislature
2nd Legislature
3rd Legislature
House of Representatives of the Philippine Islands
(1916–1935)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
(1) Sergio Osmeña
Member for Cebu–2nd
(1878–1961) 		October 16,
1916 		June 6,
1922 		Nacionalista 4th Legislature
5th Legislature
2 Manuel Roxas
Member for Capiz–1st
(1892–1948) 		October 27,
1922 		June 5,
1934 		Nacionalista
Colectivista 		6th Legislature
Nacionalista 7th Legislature
8th Legislature
9th Legislature
3 Quintín Paredes
Member for Abra
(1884–1973) 		July 16,
1934 		November 15,
1935 		Nacionalista
Democratico 		10th Legislature
National Assembly of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
(1935–1941)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
4 Gil Montilla
Member for Negros Occidental–3rd
(1876–1946) 		November 25,
1935 		December 30,
1938 		Nacionalista
Democratico 		1st National Assembly
5 José Yulo
Member for Negros Occidental–3rd
(1894–1976) 		January 24,
1939 		December 30,
1941 		Nacionalista 2nd National Assembly
National Assembly of the Republic of the Philippines
(1943–1945)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
6 Benigno Aquino Sr.
Member for Tarlac
(1894–1947) 		September 25,
1943 		February 2,
1944 		KALIBAPI National Assembly
House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
(1941–1946)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
7 José Zulueta
Member for Iloilo–1st
(1889–1972) 		June 9,
1945 		May 25,
1946 		Nacionalista 1st Commonwealth Congress
8 Eugenio Pérez
Member for Pangasinan–2nd
(1896–1957) 		May 25,
1946 		July 4,
1946 		Liberal 2nd Commonwealth Congress
House of Representatives of the Republic of the Philippines
(1946–1973)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
(8) Eugenio Pérez
Member for Pangasinan–2nd
(1896–1957) 		July 4,
1946 		December 30,
1953 		Liberal 1st Congress
2nd Congress
9 Jose Laurel Jr.
Member for Batangas–3rd
(1912–1998) 		January 25,
1954 		December 30,
1957 		Nacionalista 3rd Congress
10 Daniel Z. Romualdez
Member for Leyte–4th until 1961
Member for Leyte–1st from 1961
(1907–1965) 		January 27,
1958 		March 9,
1962 		4th Congress
5th Congress
11 Cornelio Villareal
Member for Capiz–2nd
(1904–1992) 		March 9,
1962 		February 2,
1967 		Liberal
6th Congress
(9) Jose Laurel Jr.
Member for Batangas–3rd
(1912–1998) 		February 2,
1967 		April 1,
1971 		Nacionalista
7th Congress
(11) Cornelio Villareal
Member for Capiz–2nd
(1904–1992) 		April 1,
1971 		September 23,
1972 		Liberal
Batasang Pambansa
(1978–1986)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
12 Querube Makalintal
Member for Region IV
(1910–2002) 		June 12,
1978 		June 30,
1984 		KBL Interim Batasang Pambansa
13 Nicanor Yñiguez
Member for Southern Leyte
(1915–2007) 		July 23,
1984 		March 25,
1986 		Regular Batasang Pambansa
House of Representatives of the Republic of the Philippines
(since 1987)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took office Left office
14 Ramon Mitra Jr.
Member for Palawan–2nd
(1928–2000) 		July 23,
1987 		June 30,
1992 		LDP 8th Congress
15 Jose de Venecia Jr.
Member for Pangasinan–4th
(born 1936) 		July 27,
1992 		June 30,
1998 		Lakas 9th Congress
10th Congress
16 Manny Villar
Member for Las Piñas
(born 1949) 		July 27,
1998 		November 13,
2000 		LAMMP 11th Congress
17 Arnulfo Fuentebella
Member for Camarines Sur–3rd
(1945–2020) 		November 13,
2000 		January 24,
2001 		NPC
18 Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Member for Quezon City–4th
(born 1936) 		January 24,
2001 		June 30,
2001 		Lakas-CMD
(15) Jose de Venecia Jr.
Member for Pangasinan–4th
(born 1936) 		July 23,
2001 		February 5,
2008 		12th Congress
13th Congress
14th Congress
19 Prospero Nograles
Member for Davao City–1st
(1947–2019) 		February 5,
2008 		June 30,
2010
(18) Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Member for Quezon City–4th
(born 1936) 		July 26,
2010 		June 30,
2016 		Liberal 15th Congress
16th Congress
20 Pantaleon Alvarez
Member for Davao del Norte–1st
(born 1958) 		July 25,
2016 		July 23,
2018 		PDP–Laban 17th Congress
21 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Member for Pampanga–2nd
(born 1947) 		July 23,
2018 		June 30,
2019
22 Alan Peter Cayetano
Member for Taguig–Pateros
(born 1970) 		July 22,
2019 		October 12,
2020 		Nacionalista 18th Congress
23 Lord Allan Velasco
Member for Marinduque
(born 1977) 		October 12,
2020 		June 30,
2022 		PDP–Laban
24 Martin Romualdez
Member for Leyte–1st
(born 1963) 		July 25,
2022 		Incumbent Lakas-CMD 19th Congress

Timeline

See also

Notes

  1. ^ By convention, the Speaker is an incumbent member of the House of Representatives. As such, they are limited to three consecutive terms of three years each (Article VI, Section 7 of the Constitution of the Philippines).

References

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