List of parties to the Geneva Conventions
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Parties_to_the_Geneva_Conventions.svg/350px-Parties_to_the_Geneva_Conventions.svg.png)
Parties to GC I–IV and P I–III | Parties to GC I–IV and P I–II |
Parties to GC I–IV and P I and III | Parties to GC I–IV and P I |
Parties to GC I–IV and P III | Parties to GC I–IV and no P |
The Geneva Conventions, which were most recently revised in 1949, consist of seven individual treaties which are open to ratification or accession by any sovereign state. They are:
- The Geneva Conventions
- Additional Protocols
The four 1949 Conventions have been ratified by 196 states, including all UN member states, both UN observers (the Holy See and the State of Palestine}, as well as the Cook Islands. The Protocols have been ratified by 174, 169 and 79 states respectively. In addition, Article 90 of Protocol I states that "The High Contracting Parties may at the time of signing, ratifying or acceding to the Protocol, or at any other subsequent time, declare that they recognize ipso facto and without special agreement, in relation to any other High Contracting Party accepting the same obligation, the competence of the [International Fact-Finding] Commission to enquire into allegations by such other Party, as authorized by this Article."[1] 76 states have made such a declaration.
Parties to the 1949 Conventions and Protocols I–III
State[2][3][4] | Year of ratification/accession/succession[Note 1] | Notes | ||||
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GC I–IV[5][6][7][8] | Protocol I[9] | Protocol II[10] | Protocol III[11] | Prot. I Art. 90 Declaration [12] | ||
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1956 | 2009 | 2009 | — | — | |
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1957 | 1993 | 1993 | 2008 | — | |
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1960 | 1989 | 1989 | — | 1989 | |
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1993 | — | — | — | — | |
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1984 | 1984 | 2019 | S | — | |
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1986 | 1986 | 1986 | — | — | |
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1956 | 1986 | 1986 | 2011 | 1996 | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2011 | — | |
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1958 | 1991 | 1991 | 2009 | 1992 | |
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1953 | 1982 | 1982 | 2009 | 1982 | |
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1993 | — | — | — | — | |
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1975 | 1980 | 1980 | — | — | |
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1971 | 1986 | 1986 | — | — | |
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1972 | 1980 | 1980 | — | — | |
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1968 | 1990 | 1990 | — | — | |
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1954 | 1989 | 1989 | 2011 | 1989 | Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–II ratified as the ![]() |
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1952 | 1986 | 1986 | 2015 | 1987 | |
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1984 | 1984 | 1984 | 2007 | — | |
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1961 | 1986 | 1986 | — | — | |
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1991 | — | — | — | — | |
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1976 | 1992 | 1983 | S | 1992 | |
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1992 | 1992 | 1992 | S | 1992 | |
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1968 | 1979 | 1979 | — | — | |
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1957 | 1992 | 1992 | 2009 | 1993 | |
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1991 | 1991 | 1991 | — | — | |
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1954 | 1989 | 1989 | 2006 | 1994 | |
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1961 | 1987 | 1987 | 2016 | 2004 | |
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1971 | 1993 | 1993 | S | — | |
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1958 | 1998 | 1998 | — | — | |
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1963 | 1984 | 1984 | 2021 | — | |
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1965 | 1990 | 1990 | 2007 | 1990 | |
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1984 | 1995 | 1995 | S | 1995 | |
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1966 | 1984 | 1984 | — | — | |
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1970 | 1997 | 1997 | — | — | |
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1950 | 1991 | 1991 | 2008 | 1991 | |
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1956 | 1983 | 1983 | — | — | Conventions I–IV ratified as the ![]()
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1961 | 1993 | 1995 | S | 1996 | |
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1985 | 1985 | 1985 | — | — | |
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1961 | 1982 | 2002 | — | 2002 | |
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1967 | 1983 | 1983 | S | — | |
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2002 | 2002 | 2002 | 2011 | 2002 | |
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1969 | 1983 | 1983 | 2008 | 1999 | |
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1961 | 1989 | 1989 | — | — | |
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1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 2007 | 1992 | |
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1954 | 1982 | 1999 | — | — | |
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1962 | 1979 | 1996 | 2007 | 2002 | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2007 | 1995 | |
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1951 | 1982 | 1982 | 2007 | 1982 | All the treaties extended to the Faroe Islands and to Greenland.[Note 2] |
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1978 | 1991 | 1991 | — | — | |
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1981 | 1996 | 1996 | — | — | |
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1958 | 1994 | 1994 | 2009 | — | |
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1954 | 1979 | 1979 | 2020 | — | |
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1952 | 1992 | 1992 | — | — | |
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1953 | 1978 | 1978 | 2007 | — | |
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1986 | 1986 | 1986 | — | — | |
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2000 | — | — | — | — | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2008 | 2009 | |
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1969 | 1994 | 1994 | S | — | |
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1971 | 2008 | 2008 | 2008 | — | |
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1955 | 1980 | 1980 | 2009 | 1980 | |
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1951 | 2001 | 1984 | 2009 | — | |
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1965 | 1980 | 1980 | — | — | |
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1966 | 1989 | 1989 | — | — | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2007 | — | |
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1954 | 1991 | 1991 | 2009 | 1991 | |
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1958 | 1978 | 1978 | S | — | |
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1956 | 1989 | 1993 | 2009 | 1998 | |
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1981 | 1998 | 1998 | — | — | |
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1952 | 1987 | 1987 | 2008 | — | |
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1984 | 1984 | 1984 | — | 1993 | |
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1974 | 1986 | 1986 | — | — | |
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1968 | 1998 | 1998 | 2009 | — | |
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1957 | 2006 | 2006 | S | — | |
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1951 | 1985 | 1985 | — | — | |
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1965 | 1995 | 1995 | 2006 | — | |
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1954 | 1989 | 1989 | 2006 | 1991 | |
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1965 | 1987 | 1987 | 2006 | 1987 | |
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1950 | — | — | — | — | |
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1958 | — | — | — | — | |
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1957 | S | S | — | — | |
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1956 | 2010 | — | — | — | |
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1962 | 1999 | 1999 | S | 1999 | |
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1951 | — | — | 2007 | — | |
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1951 | 1986 | 1986 | 2009 | 1986 | |
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1964 | 1986 | 1986 | S | — | |
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1953 | 2004 | 2004 | — | 2004 | |
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1951 | 1979 | 1979 | — | — | |
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1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 2009 | — | |
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1966 | 1999 | 1999 | 2013 | — | |
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1989 | — | — | — | — | |
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1957 | 1988 | — | — | — | |
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1966 | 1982 | 1982 | S | 2004 | |
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1967 | 1985 | 1985 | — | 2013 | |
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1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 2019 | — | |
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1956 | 1980 | 1980 | — | 1998 | |
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1991 | 1991 | 1991 | 2007 | — | |
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1951 | 1997 | 1997 | — | — | |
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1968 | 1994 | 1994 | 2020 | 2010 | |
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1954 | 1988 | 1988 | — | — | |
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1956 | 1978 | 1978 | — | — | |
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1950 | 1989 | 1989 | 2006 | 1989 | |
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1996 | 2000 | 2000 | 2007 | 2000 | |
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1953 | 1989 | 1989 | 2015 | 1993 | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2008 | 1993 | |
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1963 | 1992 | 1992 | 2018 | 1993 | |
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1968 | 1991 | 1991 | — | 2014 | |
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1962 | — | — | — | — | |
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1991 | 1991 | 1991 | — | — | |
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1965 | 1989 | 1989 | — | 2003 | |
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1968 | 1989 | 1989 | S | 1989 | |
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2004 | — | — | — | — | |
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1962 | 1980 | 1980 | — | — | |
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1970 | 1982 | 1982 | — | — | |
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1952 | 1983 | — | 2008 | — | |
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1995 | 1995 | 1995 | — | — | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2008 | — | |
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1950 | 2000 | 2000 | 2007 | 2007 | |
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1958 | 1995 | 1995 | — | 1995 | |
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2006 | 2006 | 2006 | — | 2007 | |
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1956 | 2011 | 2011 | — | — | |
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1983 | 1983 | 2002 | — | — | |
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1992 | — | — | — | — | |
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1991 | 1994 | 1994 | — | 1994 | The United Nations Council for Namibia acceded to Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–II in 1983.[19] Namibia succeeded to Conventions I-IV in 1991,[20] and Protocols I-II in 1994.[21] |
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2006 | 2006 | 2006 | 2012 | — | |
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1964 | — | — | S | — | |
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1954 | 1987 | 1987 | 2006 | 1987 | Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–III have been extended to Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and the Caribbean Netherlands.[22][23][24][Note 3] |
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1959 | 1988 | 1988 | 2013 | 1988 | ![]() New Zealand declared that its ratification of Protocols I–II does not extend to the |
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1953 | 1999 | 1999 | 2009 | — | |
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1964 | 1979 | 1979 | — | — | |
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1961 | 1988 | 1988 | — | — | |
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1951 | 1981 | 1981 | 2006 | 1981 | |
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1974 | 1984 | 1984 | — | — | |
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1951 | S | S | — | — | |
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1996 | 1996 | 1996 | — | — | |
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2014 | 2014 | 2015 | 2015 | 2018 | The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) unilaterally declared itself bound by Conventions I–IV and Protocol I in 1982.[29] In 1989, the PLO submitted a letter to the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs which stated in part that the State of Palestine had decided to "adhere to the Four Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 and the two Protocols additional thereto."[30] However, the Swiss Government, which acts as the depositary for the Conventions, responded by stating that it was "not in a position to decide whether this communication can be considered as an instrument of accession" due to "the incertainty [sic] within the international community as to the existence or non-existence of a State of Palestine."[29][30] In 1990, the PLO submitted a "Memorandum on the accession of the State of Palestine to the four Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949" to the depository and requested that the issue be reconsidered. However, the Swiss Government reiterated its prior conclusions.[31] Following the United Nations General Assembly passing a resolution granting non-member observer state status to Palestine in November 2012, Palestine acceded to Conventions I-IV and Protocol I in April 2014.[32] In January 2015 Palestine acceded to Protocols II and III.[33] |
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1956 | 1995 | 1995 | 2012 | 1999 | |
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1976 | — | — | — | — | |
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1961 | 1990 | 1990 | 2008 | 1998 | |
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1956 | 1989 | 1989 | 2018 | — | |
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1951 (I) 1952 (II–IV) |
2012 | 1986 | 2006 | — | |
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1954 | 1991 | 1991 | 2009 | 1992 | |
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1961 | 1992 | 1992 | 2014 | 1994 | |
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1975 | 1988 | 2005 | — | 1991 | |
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1954 | 1990 | 1990 | 2015 | 1995 | |
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1954 | 1989 | 1989 | S | Conventions I–IV and Protocols I and II ratified as the ![]() Declaration under Article 90 of Protocol 1 withdrawn in 2019.[34][35] | |
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1964 | 1984 | 1984 | — | 1993 | |
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1986 | 1986 | 1986 | — | 2014 | |
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1981 | 1982 | 1982 | — | — | |
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1981 | 1983 | 1983 | — | 2013 | |
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1984 | 1984 | 1984 | — | — | |
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1953 | 1994 | 1994 | 2007 | — | |
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1976 | 1996 | 1996 | — | — | |
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1963 | 1987 | 2001 | — | — | |
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1963 | 1985 | 1985 | — | — | |
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2001 | 2001 | 2001 | 2010 | 2001 | Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–II ratified as the ![]() |
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1984 | 1984 | 1984 | — | 1992 | |
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1965 | 1986 | 1986 | S | — | |
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1973 | — | — | 2008 | — | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | 2007 | 1995 | |
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1992 | 1992 | 1992 | 2008 | 1992 | |
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1981 | 1988 | 1988 | — | — | |
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1962 | — | — | — | — | |
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1952 | 1995 | 1995 | — | — | |
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2013 | 2013 | 2013 | 2013 | — | |
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1952 | 1989 | 1989 | 2010 | 1989 | |
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1959 | — | — | — | — | |
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1957 | 2006 | 2006 | — | — | |
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1976 | 1985 | 1985 | 2013 | — | |
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1973 | 1995 | 1995 | — | — | |
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1953 | 1979 | 1979 | 2014 | 1979 | |
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1950 | 1982 | 1982 | 2006 | 1982 | |
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1953 | 1983 | — | — | — | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | — | 1997 | |
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1962 | 1983 | 1983 | S | — | Conventions I–IV ratified as ![]() |
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1954 | — | — | — | — | |
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2003 | 2005 | 2005 | 2011 | — | |
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1962 | 1984 | 1984 | S | 1991 | |
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1978 | 2003 | 2003 | — | 2003 | |
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1963 | 2001 | 2001 | — | 2001 | |
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1957 | 1979 | 1979 | — | — | |
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1954 | — | — | S | — | |
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1992 | 1992 | 1992 | — | — | |
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1981 | — | — | — | — | |
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1964 | 1991 | 1991 | 2008 | — | |
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1954 | 1990 | 1990 | 2010 | 1990 | Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–II ratified as the ![]() |
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1972 | 1983 | 1983 | — | 1992 | |
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1957 | 1998 | 1998 | 2009 | 1999 | Protocols I–III have been extended to all three Crown dependencies and to 13 of the 14 British Overseas Territories (excluding Gibraltar).[36][37][38] |
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1955 | S | S | 2007 | — | Signed in 1949.[39] Ratified June 9, 1955.[40]
Protocols I–II not ratified |
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1969 | 1985 | 1985 | 2012 | 1990 | |
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1993 | 1993 | 1993 | — | — | |
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1982 | 1985 | 1985 | — | — | |
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1956 | 1998 | 1998 | — | — | |
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1957 | 1981 | — | — | — | Conventions I–IV ratified as the ![]() Also ratified by the State of Vietnam in 1953 and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam in 1973 prior to Vietnamese reunification.[4] |
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1970 | 1990 | 1990 | — | — | Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–II ratified as ![]() Conventions I–IV also ratified by ![]() |
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1966 | 1995 | 1995 | — | — | |
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1983 | 1992 | 1992 | — | — | |
Totals | ||||||
Ratified | 196 | 174 | 169 | 79 | 76 | |
Signed only | 0 | 3 | 3 | 20 | N/A |
Notes
- ^ "S" indicates that the state has signed but has not ratified.
"—" indicates that the state has taken no action. - ^ Denmark informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 2003 that "Denmark's ratifications normally include the entire Kingdom of Denmark including the Faroe Islands and Greenland.”[18] No declaration excluding either of their dependent territories was made by Denmark upon ratification of any of the seven treaties.
- ^ The Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–III were originally extended to the Netherlands Antilles prior to its dissolution into Aruba in 1986, and Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and the Caribbean Netherlands in 2010.
Former states parties
The following states were party to the Geneva Conventions I–IV, but their ratifications have not been recognised as applying to any succeeding state under international law:
Authorities making a unilateral declaration
Article 96.3 of Protocol I allows for an "authority representing a people engaged against a High Contracting Party in an armed conflict" to make a unilateral declaration to apply the four Conventions and Protocol I with respect to that conflict. As of 2015 this provision has been utilized by the Polisario Front in 2015.
Authority[43] | Year of declaration | Conflict |
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2015[44] | Western Sahara conflict with Morocco |
Parties to the 1864 Geneva Convention
The first ten articles of the First Geneva Convention were concluded in 1864. This was the original Geneva Convention. The following states were parties to the 1864 Geneva Convention.
State[45] | GC 1864[Note 1] | Notes |
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1879 | |
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1866 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1866 | Represented by Joseph Théodore Dompierre in the negotiations |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1879 | |
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1906 | |
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1884 | |
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1896 | The Union of South Africa was recognized as the successor state of this ratification. |
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1879 | |
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1904 | |
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1906 | |
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1888 | |
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1907 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1907 | |
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1907 | |
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1874 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1906 | |
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1865 | |
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1903 | |
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1907 | |
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1866 | Original signatory. |
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1868 | |
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1898 | |
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1874 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1886 | |
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1903[46] | |
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1888 | |
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1895 | |
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1905 | |
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1875 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1898 | |
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1897[47] | |
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1865 | |
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1907 | |
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1907 | |
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1880 | |
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1866 | Original signatory. |
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1865 | Original signatory. |
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1874 | |
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1867 | |
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1866 | |
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1876 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1864 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
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1895 | |
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1865 | |
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1882 | |
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1900 | |
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1894 | |
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1864 | Original signatory. |
- Notes
- ^ Year the state ratified or acceded to the 1864 version of the First Geneva Convention.
References
- ^ "Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-22.
- ^ "Protection des victimes de la guerre". Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "1949 Conventions and Additional Protocols, and their Commentaries". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ a b c d "Geneva Convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war". United Nations Treaty Collection. Retrieved 2016-04-16.
- ^ "Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention pour l'amélioration du sort des blessés et des malades dans les forces armées en campagne" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention pour l'amélioration du sort des blessés, des malades et des naufragés des forces armées sur mer" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention relative au traitement des prisonniers de guerre" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention relative à la protection des personnes civiles en temps de guerre" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés internationaux (Protocole I)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés non internationaux (Protocole II)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à l'adoption d'un signe distinctif additionnel (Protocole III)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés internationaux (Protocole I) - Etats ayant fait la déclaration prévue à l'article 90" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ a b "Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2000-07-07. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 - China". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1999-06-28. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1997-06-24. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 - United Kingdom". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "Historical Information". United Nations Treaty Series. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ "Accession of the United Nations Council for Namibia to the four Conventions and the two Protocols Additional" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1983-11-30. Retrieved 2014-04-17.
- ^ "Succession by Namibia to the Conventions" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1991-10-25. Retrieved 2014-04-17.
- ^ "Declaration by Namibia" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1994-07-27. Retrieved 2014-04-17.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1987-07-10. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2006-12-15. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2011-10-17. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ "Niue". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-17.
- ^ "State Parties to the Following International Humanitarian Law and Other Related Treaties as of 29-Sep-2014" (PDF). International Committee of the Red Cross. 2014-09-29. Retrieved 2014-10-15.
- ^ "Niue Laws" (PDF). Government of Niue. 2006. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1988-03-15. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ a b "Note of information" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1989-09-13. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ a b "Geneva Conventions for the protection of war victims of 12 August 1949 and Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 Ratifications, accessions and successions as at 31 December 1996". International Committee of the Red Cross. 1997-04-30. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
- ^ "Information note" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1990-12-11. Retrieved 2016-04-14.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2014-04-10. Retrieved 2015-01-09.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2015-01-09. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 2015-01-09.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 16.10.2019 № 494 ∙ Официальное опубликование правовых актов". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
- ^ ihl-databases.icrc.org https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/api-1977/state-parties/RU. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2002-11-01. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2011-07-01. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ "Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2013-02-07. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
- ^ ihl-databases.icrc.org https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Notification.xsp?documentId=D6B53F5B5D14F35AC1256402003F9920&action=OpenDocument. Retrieved 2020-07-18.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "GENEVA CONVENTIONS FOR THE PROTECTION OF WAR VICTIMS - REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS ON EXECUTIVES D, E, F, AND G EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS FIRST SESSION" (PDF). United States Department of Justice. June 27, 1955. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ "Ratification of the Additional Protocols I and II by the Yemen Arab Republic" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1990-05-31. Retrieved 2016-04-16.
- ^ "Declaration of Accession by the People's Republic of Yemen" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1977-06-27. Retrieved 2016-04-16.
- ^ "Autorité ayant fait la déclaration unilatérale prévue à l'article 96, paragraphe 3" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2015-06-30.
- ^ "Unilateral declaration pursuant to Article 96, paragraph 3, of Protocol I" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2015-06-30.
- ^ "Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
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Following the Korean empire's signing of Geneva Conventions I and II in 1903, Emperor Gojong established the Red Cross society in Korea in 1905.
- ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20231118064848/https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gc-1864/state-parties. Archived from the original on 2023-11-18.
Orange Free State 28.09.1897
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