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Order of insects
Hymenopterida is a superorder of holometabolous (metamorphosing) insects . As originally circumscribed, it included Hymenoptera and the orders in Panorpida (Mecoptera , Siphonaptera , Diptera , Trichoptera and Lepidoptera ).[ 1] [ 2]
Evolution
The following phylogenetic tree shows the internal relationships of the superorder as a clade of Hymenoptera and the orders that comprise Panorpida .[ 3] [ 4]
More recent molecular analyses find a different arrangement within Holometabola , with Hymenoptera as the earliest branching group.[ 5]
References
^ Weaver J.S.I. The Evolution And Classification Of Trichoptera, With A Revision Of The Lepidostomatidae And A North American Synopsis Of This Family. Degree: Ph.D. Degree Year: 1983 Institute: Clemson University
^ Grimaldi, David; Engel, Michael S. Evolution of the Insects ^ Yeates, David K.; Wiegmann, Brian. "Endopterygota Insects with complete metamorphosis" . Tree of Life . Retrieved 24 May 2016 . ^ Whiting, Michael F. (2005). "Phylogenetic Position of Diptera: Review of the Evidence" . In Yeates, David K.; Wiegmann, Brian (eds.). The Evolutionary Biology of Flies . Columbia University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-231-50170-5 ^ Kjer, Karl M.; Simon, Chris ; Yavorskaya, Margarita & Beutel, Rolf G. (2016). "Progress, pitfalls and parallel universes: a history of insect phylogenetics" . Journal of the Royal Society Interface . 13 (121): 121. doi :10.1098/rsif.2016.0363 . PMC 5014063 PMID 27558853 .
External links
Topics Groups In culture Pioneers, works
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Data related to Hymenopterida at Wikispecies
