Dihl and Guérhard porcelain
Dihl and Guérhard porcelain (various variant names) was made by the Duc d'Angoulême's porcelain factory,[1] a hard-paste porcelain factory in Paris, active from February 25, 1781, until 1828. It was founded by Christophe Dihl (1752-1830) and Antoine Guérhard (d.1793), together with Louise-Françoise-Madeleine Croizé (1751-1831), then married to Guérhard, but married to Dihl from 1797.[2] Dihl was a chemist, and the factory experimented with new colours and finishes.
Patronage
From an early stage, it operated under the protection, though not the ownership, of the child Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, (1775-1844), a nephew of the reigning Louis XVI of France. This permitted it to operate despite the monopoly on coloured and gilded porcelain the king had given his own Sèvres porcelain. The Duke's name was dropped during the French Revolution.
Styles
The wares were of very high quality, in styles similar to Sèvres, following the movement of fashion from Neoclassicism to the Empire style.[3] The Empress Joséphine commissioned a service in 1811, with Dutch Golden Age paintings of genre subjects, in gilded Neoclassical settings, a somewhat surprising combination already used by Sèvres before the Revolution.[4] A particular speciality was vases which imitated polished stone or tortoiseshell in porcelain, some in the slim fuseau shape and mounted with ormolu.[5]
Abbreviation
An abbreviated version of the formal name "Manufacture de Monsieur Le Duc d’Angoulême" was sometimes stamped underneath pieces, and a mark of G and A intertwined was used.[6] The factory's original location was rue de Bondy, Paris, but it moved to rue du Temple in 1789.[7]
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Tray with birds, 1780s -
Cups and tray, c. 1790 -
Neoclassical covered vessel, c. 1790 -
Vase with scenes of storm on land, 1790–95 -
Detail, vase with scenes of storm at sea, pair of the last. -
Plate from a service designed for the American market, c. 1800-1815 -
American Indian from a tureen in the same service. -
Detail of cup, c. 1820
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Notes
- ^ According to the British Museum: ""Duc d'Angoulême's Factory; Dihl and Guérhard; Dihl and Guérhard's factory; Guérhard and Dihl's factory" - "et", "&" are often used, but Dihl's name is more often given first.
- ^ BM
- ^ BM
- ^ Spieth, Darius A., Revolutionary Paris and the Market for Netherlandish Art, p. 421
- ^ "Pair of Porcelain and Ormolu Urns By Dihl & Guérhard" Archived 2022-01-05 at the Wayback Machine, Thomas Coulborn & Sons
- ^ Piece in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, "MANUFRE/De MGR. le Duc/d'angouleme/a Paris"
- ^ BM
References
- French Porcelain - A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, Aileen Dawson, London, 1994, pp. 356–358.
- BM: British Museum description