-one

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The suffix -one is used in organic chemistry to form names of organic compounds containing the -C(=O)- group: see ketone.^[1] Sometimes a number between hyphens is inserted before it to state which atom the =O atom is attached to. This suffix was extracted from the word acetone. The final "-e" disappears if it is followed by another suffix that starts with a vowel.

References

^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (1993). Panico R; Powell WH; Richer JC (eds.). A guide to IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds: recommendations 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. ISBN 0-632-03702-4.

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[1] International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (1993). Panico R; Powell WH; Richer JC (eds.). A guide to IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds: recommendations 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. ISBN 0-632-03702-4.

[1]

v t e Organic chemistry affixes
Carbon-based	-ane (alkane) -ene (alkene) -ine (unsaturated hydrocarbon) -yne (alkyne) alk- (nonaromatic hydrocarbon) ar- (aromatic) cyclo- (cyclic)
Oxygen-based	-al (aldehyde) -oate (ester) -oic acid (carboxylic acid) -ol (alcohol) -one (ketone) -ose (sugar)
Nitrogen-based	-ine (alkaloid) aza- (N replaces C)
Sulfur-based	thio- (S replaces O)
Counting axial atoms	meth- (1) eth- (2) prop- (3) but- (4) (and the rest are ordinary Greek/Latin prefixes)
Other	-ase (enzyme) -yl (radical)