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LGBTQ-free zone

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Voivodeships, powiats, and gminas which had passed anti-LGBT resolutions as of January 2020 marked in red.[1]

"LGBT-free zones" (Template:Lang-pl)[2][3][4][5][6][7] or "LGBT ideology-free zones" (Template:Lang-pl)[8] are municipalities and regions of Poland that have declared themselves unwelcoming of an alleged "LGBT ideology",[9] in order to ban equality marches and other LGBT events.[2][10][11] As of June 2020, some 100 municipalities (including five voivodships), encompassing about a third of the country, have adopted resolutions which have led to them being called "LGBT-free zones".[12]

Most of the adopted resolutions are lobbied for by an ultra-conservative,[13][14] Catholic organisation Ordo Iuris.[15][16] While unenforceable and primarily symbolic, the declarations represent an attempt to stigmatize LGBT people.[17][18]

On 18 December 2019, the European Parliament voted, 463 to 107, to condemn the more than 80 such zones in Poland.[2][10][11] In July 2020, the Provincial Administrative Courts (Polish: Wojewódzki Sąd Administracyjny) in Gliwice and Radom ruled that the "LGBT ideology free zones" established by the local authorities in Istebna and Klwów gminas respectively are null and void, stressing that they violate the constitution and are discriminatory against members of the LGBT community living in those counties.[19][20]

Since July 2020, the European Union has denied funding from the Structural Funds and Cohesion Fund to municipalities that have adopted "LGBT-free" declarations, which are in violation of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.[21] Poland is the only member state to have an opt-out from the Charter of Fundamental Rights, which it had signed upon its accession to the EU in 2004. In addition, several European sister cities have frozen their partnerships with the Polish municipalities in question.[22]

Background

See also: LGBT history in Poland
Further information: LGBT rights in the European Union § Member State laws on sexual orientation
August 2019 protest in support of Archbishop Marek Jędraszewski's statements on LGBT. Sign reads: "away ([down]) with leftist ideological totalitarianism", precz (go away) is also on the crossed-out gay pride flag

In February 2019, Warsaw's liberal mayor Rafał Trzaskowski signed a declaration supporting LGBTQ rights,[18][23] and announced his intention to follow World Health Organization guidelines and integrate LGBT issues into the Warsaw school system sex education curricula.[18] Law and Justice (PiS) politicians objected to the program saying it would sexualize children.[24] PiS party leader Jarosław Kaczyński responded to the declaration, calling LGBT rights "an import" that threatens Poland.[25]

According to The Daily Telegraph, the declaration "enraged and galvanized" conservative politicians and conservative media in Poland, the "LGBT-free zone" declarations emerging as a reaction to the Warsaw declaration. The British newspaper further argues that the conservative establishment is fearful of a liberal transition that may erode the Catholic Church's power in Poland like the transition around the Irish Church. Decreasing Church attendance, rising secularization, and sexual abuse scandals have put pressure on the conservative position.[18]

In May 2019, Polish police arrested civil-rights activist Elżbieta Podleśna for putting up posters of the Black Madonna of Częstochowa with the halo painted rainbow colours for the charge of offending religious sentiment, which is illegal in Poland.[26][27]

Two weeks prior to the 2019 European Parliament election, a documentary on child sex abuse in the Church, was released online.[26] It was expected to hurt the Church-aligned PiS electorally, and was responded to by PiS leader Kaczyński speaking heatedly of the Polish nation and children as "being under attack by deviant foreign ideas", which led conservative voters to rally around PiS.[26] According to feminist scholar Agnieszka Graff, "The attack on LGBT was triggered by the [Warsaw] Declaration, but that was just a welcome excuse", as PiS sought to woo the rural-traditional demographic and needed a scapegoat to replace migrants.[26]

In August 2019, the Archbishop of Kraków Marek Jędraszewski said "LGBT ideology" was like a "rainbow plague" in a sermon commemorating the Warsaw uprising.[28][29][30] Not long after, a drag queen simulated Jędraszewski's murder on stage, stirring controversy.[31]

As of 2019, being openly gay in Poland's small towns and rural areas "[takes] increasing physical and mental fortitude" due to the efforts of Polish authorities and the Catholic Church, according to The Daily Telegraph.[18] Public perceptions, however, have been becoming more tolerant of gay people.[18][24] In 2001, the 41 percent of Poles surveyed stating that "being gay wasn't normal and shouldn't be tolerated" dropped to 24 percent in 2017, and the 5 percent who said "being gay was normal" in 2001 had grown to 16 percent in 2017.[24]

Declarations

"LGBT-free zone motions" refer to resolutions passed by some of Polish gminas (municipalities),[32][17] powiats (counties),[33] and voivodeships (provinces)[18] who declared their attachment to conservative values in reaction to the Warsaw Declaration.[34][35] While unenforceable, activists say the declared zones represent attempts to exclude the LGBT community[17][18] and called the declarations "a statement saying that a specific kind of people is not welcome there."[17]

The two documents declared by municipalities were a "Local Government Charter of The Rights of The Family",[36] and a "Resolution against LGBT ideology". Both of these documents were labelled in media as "declarations of LGBT-free zones",[37] but neither of them actually contain a statement of exclusion of LGBT people from any territory, activities or rights. The "Charter of Family Rights" focuses on family values in social policies and only refers to LGBT rights indirectly, such as by defining marriage as a relationship "between a man and a woman". The "Resolution against LGBT ideology" does not speak to LGBT people, but declares opposition to an "ideology of the LGBT movement", and condemns so-called "political correctness".[38] An interactive map of Poland marking all municipalities which accepted either one or both of these resolutions, with links to their original texts, is available online, under the titles "Atlas of Hate".[39]

As of August 2019, around 30 different local governments have accepted such resolutions, including four voivodeships in the south-east of the country:[32][40][41][33] Lesser Poland, Podkarpackie, Świętokrzyskie, and Lublin.[40] The four Voivodeships form the "historically conservative" part of Poland.[17]

Voivodeships

  1. Lublin Voivodeship[42]
  2. Lesser Poland Voivodeship[9]
  3. Podkarpackie Voivodeship[43]
  4. Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship[44]
  5. Łódź Voivodeship[45]

Powiats

  1. Powiat białostocki[46]
  2. Powiat bielski[47]
  3. Powiat dębicki[48]
  4. Powiat jarosławski[49]
  5. Powiat kielecki[50]
  6. Powiat kolbuszowski[51]
  7. Powiat krasnostawski[52]
  8. Powiat kraśnicki[53]
  9. Powiat leski[54]
  10. Powiat limanowski[55]
  11. Powiat lubaczowski[56]
  12. Powiat lubelski[57]
  13. Powiat łańcucki[58]
  14. Powiat łowicki[59]
  15. Powiat łukowski[60]
  16. Powiat mielecki[61]
  17. Powiat nowotarski[62]
  18. Powiat opoczyński[63]
  19. Powiat przasnyski[64]
  20. Powiat przysuski[65]
  21. Powiat puławski[66]
  22. Powiat radomski[67]
  23. Powiat radzyński[68]
  24. Powiat rawski[69]
  25. Powiat rycki[70]
  26. Powiat sztumski[71]
  27. Powiat świdnicki[72]
  28. Powiat tarnowski[73]
  29. Powiat tatrzański[74]
  30. Powiat tomaszowski[75]
  31. Powiat wieluński[76]
  32. Powiat włoszczowski[77]
  33. Powiat zamojski[78]

Gminas

  1. Gromnik (gmina)[79]
  2. Istebna (gmina),[80] revoked by a court ruling
  3. Jordanów (gmina wiejska)[81]
  4. Klwów (gmina),[82] revoked by a court ruling.
  5. Kraśnik[83]
  6. Lipinki (gmina)[84]
  7. Łososina Dolna (gmina)[85]
  8. Niebylec (gmina)[86]
  9. Serniki (gmina),[87] revoked by a court ruling.[88][89]
  10. Szerzyny (gmina)[90]
  11. Trzebieszów (gmina)[91]
  12. Tuchów[92]
  13. Tuszów Narodowy (gmina)[93]
  14. Urzędów (gmina)[94]
  15. Zakrzówek (gmina)[95]
  16. Skierniewice[96]

Law and Justice party

In the run-up to the 2019 Polish parliamentary election the party has focused on countering "LGBT ideology".[32] In 2019 it rebuked the Warsaw mayor's pro-LGBTQ declaration as "an attack on the family and children" and stated that LGBTQ was an "imported" ideology.[18]

After Archbishop Jędraszewski made his speech calling "LGBT ideology" a "rainbow plague", the Minister of National Defence Mariusz Błaszczak applauded the statement.[29]

Stickers

Gazeta Polska's "LGBT-free zone" stickers
"Hate free zone" stickers distributed by Campaign Against Homophobia

The conservative Gazeta Polska newspaper issued "LGBT-free zone" stickers to readers.[97] The Polish opposition and diplomats, including US ambassador to Poland Georgette Mosbacher, condemned the stickers.[34][98] Gazeta editor in chief Tomasz Sakiewicz replied to the criticism with: "what is happening is the best evidence that LGBT is a totalitarian ideology".[98]

The Warsaw district court ordered that distribution of the stickers should halt pending the resolution of a court case.[99] However Gazeta's editor dismissed the ruling saying it was "fake news" and censorship, and that the paper would continue distributing the stickers.[100] Gazeta continued distribution of the stickers, but modified the decal to read "LGBT Ideology-Free Zone".[99]

In July Polish media chain Empik, the country's largest, refused to stock Gazeta Polska after it issued the stickers.[30] In August 2019, a show organized by the Gazeta Polska Community of America scheduled for October 24 in Carnegie Hall in New York was cancelled after complaints of anti-LGBT ties led to artists pulling out of the show.[101][102]

Demonstrations

Marching under a large rainbow flag canopy at 2019 Rzeszów equality march.
Nationalists counter-protesting the Rzeszów equality march, holding the Confederate battle flag

In Rzeszów, after LGBT activists submitted a request to hold an equality march for gay rights in June 2019, PiS councillors drafted a resolution to make Rzeszów an "LGBT-free zone" as well as outlaw the event itself.[26] Some 29 requests for counter-demonstrations reached city hall, which led mayor Tadeusz Ferenc, of the opposition Democratic Left Alliance, to ban the march due to security concerns.[26] When the ban was then overturned by a court ruling,[26] PiS councillors put forward a resolution outlawing "LGBT ideology", which was defeated by two votes.[26]

Following the violent events in the first Białystok equality march[17][103] and the Gazeta Polska stickers a demonstration for tolerance was held in Gdańsk[104] on 23 July 2019, with the slogan "zone free of zones" (Template:Lang-pl).[105][106][107] In Szczecin a demonstration under the slogan of "hate-free zone" (Template:Lang-pl) took place,[107][108] and in Łódź left-wing politicians handed out "hate-free zone" stickers.[107][109]

Reactions

Support for declarations

Bożena Bieryło, a PiS councilwoman in Białystok County, said the legislation in Białystok county was required due to LGBT "provocations" and "demands" for sex education instruction.[34]

The national PiS party has encouraged the local declarations, with a PiS official handing out medals in Lublin to local politicians who supported the declarations.[32]

Criticism of declarations

In July 2019, Polish Ombudsman Adam Bodnar stated that "the government is increasing homophobic sentiments" with remarks "on the margins of hate speech".[32] Bodnar said he is preparing an appeal to the administrative court against the declarations, as according to Bodnar they are not only political but also have a normative character that affects the lives of people in the declared region.[33][110]

In July 2019, Warsaw city Councillor Marek Szolc and the Polish Society for Anti-Discrimination Law [pl] (PTPA) released a legal opinion stating that LGBT-free zone declarations stigmatize and exclude people, reminding everyone of article 32 of the Constitution of Poland which guarantees equality and lack of discrimination.[35][111][112]

In August 2019, multiple LGBT community members stated that they feel unsafe in Poland.[29] The left-wing Razem party stated: "Remember how the right [were scared] of the so-called [Muslim] no-go zones? Thanks to the same right, we have our own no-go zones."[113][114]

Synagogue in Bydgoszcz, German-occupied Poland, 1939. Nazi banner proclaiming city is judenfrei (free of Jews). This image was tweeted by a representative of Robert Biedroń's party in response to the LGBT-free zones.[115][116]

Liberal politicians and media and human rights activists have compared the declarations to Nazi-era declarations of areas being judenfrei (free of Jews). Left-leaning Italian newspaper la Repubblica called it "a concept that evokes the term 'Judenfrei'".[117][118] Campaign Against Homophobia director Slava Melnyk compared the declarations to "1933, when there were also free zones from a specific group of people."[119] Warsaw's deputy president Paweł Rabiej tweeted, "The German fascists created zones free of Jews. Apartheid, of blacks."[97][116]

In March 2020, BBC Radio 4 broadcast a documentary on the opposition of the LGBT community in Poland against the introduction of LGBT-free zones in the country.[120]

In April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many within the LGBT community, began handing out rainbow facemasks and other P.P.E. - as a direct protest of the "LGBT-free zoning", within certain local government areas of Poland.[121]

On 17 August 2020, an open letter to the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, was published urging the European Union "to take immediate steps in defense of basic European values [...] which have been violated in Poland" and expressing "a deep concern over the future of democracy in Poland". It also appealed to the Polish government to stop targeting sexual minorities as enemies and to withdraw support from organizations promoting homophobia. The signatories of the letter included among others: Pedro Almodóvar, Timothy Garton Ash, Margaret Atwood, John Banville, Judith Butler, John Maxwell Coetzee, Stephen Daldry, Luca Guadagnino, Ed Harris, Agnieszka Holland, Isabelle Huppert, Jan Komasa, Yorgos Lanthimos, Mike Leigh, Paweł Pawlikowski, Volker Schlöndorff, Stellan Skarsgård, Timothy Snyder, Olga Tokarczuk, Adam Zagajewski and Slavoj Žižek.[122][123][124]

In September 2020, the American presidential candidate Joe Biden also condemned LGBT-free zones in Poland via Twitter stating that "LGBTQ+ rights are human rights — and “LGBT-free zones” have no place in the European Union or anywhere in the world".[125]

The "Atlas of Hate" organization, which keeps track of the anti-LGBT resolutions, was nominated for the Sakharov Prize by 43 MEPs.[126]

In September 2020, a group of 50 ambassadors accredited in Poland published an open letter in support of the LGBT community in Poland in which they expressed their support for raising awareness of the problems faced by gay, bisexual and transgender people in Poland and stressed that governments are obliged to respect the fundamental human rights of every citizen, to protect them against violence and discrimination and to ensure their equal treatment. American ambassador Georgette Mosbacher wrote on Twitter that "Human Rights are not an ideology - they are universal" alluding to the controversial statements made by President Andrzej Duda during his presidential campaign. The signatories of the letter included ambassadors of the European Union countries (except for Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Slovakia, Romania) as well as Argentina, Australia, Canada, Dominican Republic, Iceland, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Montenegro, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, South Africa, Switzerland, Ukraine, Unites States, United Kingdom and Venezuela.[127][128]

Reaction from the European Union

On 18 December 2019, the European Parliament voted (463 to 107) in favour of condemning the more than 80 LGBT-free zones in Poland. Parliament demanded that "Polish authorities (are) to condemn these acts and (are) to revoke all resolutions attacking LGBT rights". According to the EU Parliament the zones are part of "a broader context of attacks against the LGBT community in Poland, which include growing hate speech by public and elected officials and public media, as well as attacks and bans on Pride marches and actions such as 'Rainbow Fridays'.".[2][10][11]

Based upon numerous complaints that "some local governments have adopted discriminatory declarations and resolutions targeting LGBT people", the European Commission wrote to the governors of five Voivodeships – Lublin, Łódź, Małopolska, Podkarpackie, and Świętokrzyskie – on 2 June 2020, instructing them to investigate local resolutions proclaiming LGBT-free zones or a "Charter of Family Rights", and whether such resolutions constituted discriminatory actions towards LGBT-identifying people or not.[129]

The letter can be seen as an extension of the 2019 vote in the European Parliament condemning the zones, as it notes that failure by Poland to adhere to common values of the European Union of “respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities”, as stated in Article 2 of the 2012 European Union Treaty[130] could result in the loss of EU funds granted to the Republic of Poland in the future, such as European Structural and Investment.[129]

In her September 2020 State of the European Union speech, Ursula von der Leyen stated, "LGBTQI-free zones are humanity free zones. And they have no place in our Union."[131][132]

International agreements

Further information: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

In February 2020, the French commune of Saint-Jean-de-Braye decided to suspend the partnership with the Polish city of Tuchów as a result of the controversial anti-LGBT resolution passed by the Tuchów authorities.[133][134][135] In February 2020, the French commune of Nogent-sur-Oise suspended its partnership with the Polish city of Kraśnik as a reaction to the passing of an anti-LGBT resolution by the city authorities.[136] In February 2020, the French region of Centre-Val de Loire suspended its partnership with the Lesser Poland Voivodeship as a response to the establishment of an "LGBT-free zone" resolution by the voivodeship's authorities.[137][138][139] In May 2020, the German city of Schwerte ended its city partnership with the Polish city of Nowy Sącz after 30 years of cooperation due to the town's adoption of a resolution discriminating against LGBT people.[140] In July 2020, the Dutch city of Nieuwegein as well as the French city of Douai ended their twin city agreements with the Polish city of Puławy due to a "gay free zone" proclamation made in the latter.[141][142]

In July 2020, the European Commissioner for Justice and Equality Helena Dalli announced that six Polish cities which adopted the "LGBT-free zones" would not be granted EU funds related to financing projects within the EU twinning project framework as a direct consequence of their discriminatory policies directed against members of the LGBT community.[143] The decision met with criticism from the Minister of Justice Zbigniew Ziobro, however, the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen defended the decision adding that "Our treaties ensure that every person in Europe is free to be who they are, live where they like, love who they want, and aim as high as they want."[144] However, on 18 August, Justice Minister Zbigniew Ziobro announced that the town of Tuchow in southern Poland would now receive 250,000 zlotys ($67,800) from the ministry's Justice Fund, to compensate for the EU funding reversal.[145]

In September 2020, Ine Marie Eriksen Søreide, the Norwegian Minister of Foreign Affairs, announced that the Polish municipalities which introduced the LGBT-free zones would be denied the EEA and Norway Grants whose aim is the reduction of social and economic disparities in the European Economic Area (EEA). Poland is the biggest beneficiary of these funds and could potentially lose millions of euros of financial aid.[146] The suspension of funds only applies to the government bodies that have themselves adopted resolutions and does not apply to non-governmental organizations that operate in the LGBT-free zones.[147]

In September 2020, a group of MEPs published a letter addressed to the European Olympic Committees (EOC) in which they demanded to respect the rights of LGBT athletes and expressed an idea to host the 2023 European Games, which had been scheduled to take place in Kraków, in a different location due to the region's LGBT-free zone status.[148]

See also

References

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  47. ^ "Uchwała nr VI/10/86/19 Rady Powiatu w Bielsku-Białej z dnia 30 września 2019 r. w sprawie wsparcia dla konstytucyjnego modelu rodziny opartego na tradycyjnych wartościach". Rady Powiatu w Bielsku-Białej (in Polish). 30 September 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  48. ^ "Uchwała Nr XI.101.2019 z 17 września 2019". Starostwo Powiatowe W Dębicy (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  49. ^ "Deklaracja Rady Powiatu Jarosławskiego z dnia 27 czerwca 2019 roku przyjęta podczas obrad VIII sesji w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Powiatu Jarosławskiego (in Polish). 27 June 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  50. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Powiatu w Kielcach z dnia 23 sierpnia 2019 r. w sprawie wyrażenia sprzeciwu wobec prób wprowadzania ideologii „LGBT" do lokalnej wspólnoty samorządowej" (PDF). Rady Powiatu w Kielcach (in Polish). 23 August 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  51. ^ "Deklaracja Rady Powiatu w Kolbuszowej z dnia 22 sierpnia 2019 r. w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową" (PDF). Rady Powiatu w Kolbuszowej (in Polish). 22 August 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  52. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Powiatu w Krasnymstawie z dnia 15 kwietnia 2019 r. w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Powiatu w Krasnymstawie (in Polish). 15 April 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  53. ^ Powiat Kraśnicki wolnym od ideologii „LGBT”. "Imienny wykaz głosowania radnych na VIII sesji Rady Powiatu w Kraśniku VI kadencji w dniu 29 maja 2019 roku" (PDF). Rady Powiatu w Kraśniku (in Polish). 29 May 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  54. ^ Stanowisko nr 1.2019 Rady Powiatu Leskiego w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT” przez wspólnotę samorządową. "Protokół VI Sesji Rady Powiatu w Lesku (zwyczajnej) odbytej w dniu 26 kwietnia 2019 r. w Lesku (Kadencja: 2018 r. – 2023 r.)" (PDF). Rady Powiatu Leskiego (in Polish). 26 April 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  55. ^ "Samorządowa Karta Praw Rodziny odpowiedzią na "deklaracje o charakterze politycznym"". Limanowa.in (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  56. ^ "Deklaracja Rady Powiatu Lubaczowskiego z dnia 6 czerwca 2019 r. przyjęta podczas obrad X sesji przeciw wdrażaniu ideologii LGBT w życiu społecznym" (PDF). Rady Powiatu Lubaczowskiego (in Polish). 6 June 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  57. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Powiatu w Lublinie z dnia 31 maja 2019 r. Powiat Lubelski wolny od ideologii „LGBT"". Rady Powiatu w Lublinie (in Polish). 31 May 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  58. ^ "Aktualności: Samorządowa Karta Praw Rodzin". Powiat Łańcucki (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  59. ^ Redakcja (26 April 2019). "Rada Powiatu Łowickiego przyjęła kontrowersyjny dokument [PEŁNA TREŚĆ]". Łowicz Nasze Miasto (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  60. ^ "Uchwała Nr X/100/2019 Rady Powiatu Łukowskiego z dnia 15 października 2019 r. w sprawie przyjęcia stanowiska wyrażającego protest przeciw działaniom ukierunkowanym na promowanie ideologii ruchów LGBT" (PDF). Rady Powiatu Łukowskiego (in Polish). 15 October 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  61. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Powiatu Mieleckiego w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii "LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Powiatu Mieleckiego (in Polish). 26 June 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  62. ^ "Powiat nowotarski przyjął samorządową kartę praw rodzin". NowyTarg24.tv (in Polish). 21 February 2020. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  63. ^ "Powiat wprowadza Samorządową Kartę Praw Rodzin". Powiat Opoczno (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  64. ^ "Powiat przasnyski przyjął Samorządową Kartę Praw Rodzin". Powiat Przasnyski (in Polish). 11 June 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  65. ^ "Powiat przysuski chroni rodzinę". Radio Plus Radom (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  66. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Powiatu Puławskiego w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii lansowanej przez subkulturę "LGBT" w Powiecie Puławskim". Rady Powiatu Puławskiego (in Polish). 29 May 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  67. ^ "Powiat radomski na straży praw rodziny". Radio Plus Radom (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  68. ^ "Samorządowa Karta Praw Rodziny w Radzyniu Podlaskim". Telewizja Polska Lublin (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  69. ^ "Samorządowa Karta Praw Rodzin w Powiecie Rawskim". Kochamrawe (in Polish). 1 July 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  70. ^ "Uchwała Rady Powiatu w Rykach – Stanowisko Rady Powiatu Ryckiego w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii gender i "LGBT"". Rady Powiatu Ryckiego (in Polish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  71. ^ Skrobisz, Jacek (13 February 2020). "Powiat sztumski. Radni przyjęli Samorządową Kartę Praw Rodzin. Powstała "Strefa Wolna od LGBT"?". Portal na Plus (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  72. ^ "Stanowisko Nr 1/2019 w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Powiat Świdnicki (in Polish). 2 April 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  73. ^ "Rezolucja nr 1.2019 Rady Powiatu Tarnowskiego z dnia 30 kwietnia 2019 r. w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  74. ^ Pitoń, Angelika (30 December 2019). "Podhale przyjęło Samorządową Kartę Praw Rodzin. "Jesteśmy to winni papieżowi"". Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  75. ^ "Uchwała Nr XVIII/144/2020 Rady Powiatu w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim z dnia 27 lutego 2020 r. w sprawie przyjęcia przez Powiat Tomaszowski Samorządowej Karty Praw Rodzin". Powiat Tomaszowski (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  76. ^ Rybczyński, Zbigniew (3 July 2019). "Radni Powiatu Wieluńskiego w obronie praw rodziny. Przyjęto dokument Instytutu Ordo Iuris". Wieluń Nasze Miasto (in Polish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  77. ^ "Rezolucja Rady Powiatu Włoszczowskiego z dnia 16 września 2019 r. w sprawie sprzeciwu wobec promocji i prób wprowadzania ideologii „LGBT" w życiu publicznym" (PDF). Rady Powiatu Włoszczowskiego (in Polish). 16 September 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  78. ^ "Uchwała Nr VIII/90/2019 Rady Powiatu w Zamościu z dnia 26 czerwca 2019 roku w sprawie przyjęcia Stanowiska Rady Powiatu w Zamościu w sprawie powstrzymania promowania ideologii „LGBT"". Rady Powiatu w Zamościu (in Polish). 27 June 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  79. ^ "Rezolucja nr 1.2019 Rady Gminy Gromnik z dnia 27 września 2019 r. w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 27 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  80. ^ "Uchwała nr X/78/2019 Rady Gminy Istebna z dnia 2 września 2019 r. w sprawie podjęcia deklaracji w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Gminy Istebna (in Polish). 2 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  81. ^ "Deklaracja w sprawie sprzeciwu wobec wprowadzenia ideologii "LGBT" do wspólnot samorządowych". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 30 May 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  82. ^ "Uchwała nr VI/51/2019 Rady Gminy Klwów z dnia 17 czerwca 2019 r. w sprawie: podjęcia deklaracji – „Gmina Klwów wolna od ideologii «LGBT»"" (PDF). Rady Gminy Klwów (in Polish). 17 June 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  83. ^ "Załącznik nr 14 – głosowanie imienne – Podjęcie uchwały Rady Miasta Kraśnik w sprawie przyjęcia stanowiska dotyczącego powstrzymania ideologii LGBT przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Miasta Kraśnik (in Polish). 3 June 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  84. ^ "Uchwała nr V/52/2019 Rady Gminy Lipinki z dnia 12 kwietnia 2019 r. w sprawie podjęcia deklaracji „Gmina Lipinki wolna od ideologii «LGBT»"". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 12 April 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  85. ^ "Uchwała nr 64/VIII/2019 Rady Gminy w Łososinie Dolnej z dnia 31 maja 2019 r. w sprawie przyjęcia Rezolucji dotyczącej powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową oraz ataków na Polski Kościół i obrażania uczuć religijnych ludzi wierzących". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 31 May 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  86. ^ "Uchwała nr XI/93/2019 Rady Gminy Niebylec z dnia 25 września 2019 r. w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT"" (PDF). Rady Gminy Niebylec (in Polish). 25 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  87. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Gminy Serniki w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii "LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Gminy Serniki (in Polish). 21 June 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  88. ^ "Sąd zdecydował - kolejna uchwała anty-LGBT unieważniona. Dotyczyła gminy Serniki". MSN (in Polish). Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  89. ^ "Sąd unieważnił uchwałę anty-LGBT podjętą przez gminę Serniki. "Ma charakter dyskryminujący"". Onet.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  90. ^ "Uchwała IX/60/2019 Rady Gminy Szerzyny z dnia 4 czerwca 2019 roku zawierająca Deklarację w sprawie sprzeciwu wobec wprowadzenia ideologi „LGBT" do wspólnot samorządowych". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 4 June 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  91. ^ "Uchwała nr VIII/63/19 z dnia 18 czerwca 2019 r. w sprawie stanowiska Rady Gminy Trzebieszów dotyczącego wprowadzania do wspólnot samorządowych ideologii „LGBT"". Rady Gminy Trzebieszów (in Polish). 18 June 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  92. ^ "Rezolucja nr 2/2019 Rady Miejskiej w Tuchowie z dnia 29 maja 2019 r. w sprawie przyjęcia rezolucji dotyczącej powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT+" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Biuletyny Informacji Publicznej Województwa Małopolskiego (in Polish). 29 May 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  93. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Gminy Tuszów Narodowy przyjęte na V sesji Rady Gminy Tuszów Narodowy w dniu 29 marca 2019 roku w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Gminy Tuszów Narodowy (in Polish). 29 March 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  94. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Miejskiej w Urzędowie z dnia 28 marca 2019 r. w sprawie powstrzymania ideologii „LGBT" przez wspólnotę samorządową". Rady Miejskiej w Urzędowie (in Polish). 28 March 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  95. ^ "Stanowisko Rady Gminy Zakrzówek "Zakrzówek – gminą wolną od ideologii LGBT"". Rady Gminy Zakrzówek (in Polish). 22 May 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  96. ^ "Gmina Skierniewice: Rada mówi stanowcze nie dla LGBT". Gmina Skierniewice (in Polish). Retrieved 28 March 2020.
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  98. ^ a b "Conservative Polish magazine issues 'LGBT-free zone' stickers". Reuters. 24 July 2019.
  99. ^ a b "Polish Court Rebukes "LGBT-Free Zone" Stickers". Human Rights Watch. 1 August 2019.
  100. ^ "Polish magazine dismisses court ruling on 'LGBT-free zone' stickers". Politico. 26 July 2019.
  101. ^ Maher, Jake (26 August 2019). "Carnegie Hall Concert Linked To Anti-LGBT Magazine Canceled". Newsweek.
  102. ^ Fitzsimons, Tim (26 August 2019). "Group connected to 'LGBT-Free Zone' newspaper cancels Carnegie Hall event". NBC News.
  103. ^ "Polish city holds first LGBTQ equality march despite far-right violence". CNN. 21 July 2019.
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  105. ^ Dzwonnik, Maciej (23 July 2019). ""Każdy równy, wszyscy różni". W Gdańsku odbył się protest przeciwko nienawiści" ["Everyone is equal, everyone is different": A protest against hatred took place in Gdansk]. Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). Tricity.
  106. ^ ""Strefa wolna od stref" - manifestacja przeciwko nienawiści, w geście solidarności z LGBT w Gdańsku" ["Zone free of zones" – a manifestation against hatred, in a gesture of solidarity with LGBT in Gdansk]. Dziennik Baltycki (in Polish). 23 July 2019.
  107. ^ a b c "Solidarni z Białymstokiem. Marsze, zbiórki i #TęczowaŚroda" [Solidarity with Bialystok: Marches, rebounds and #TęczowaŚroda]. Polityka (in Polish). 23 July 2019.
  108. ^ "Szczecin - strefa wolna od nienawiści! W odpowiedzi na tę furię, ten rynsztok" [Szczecin – a zone free from hatred! In response to this fury, this gutter]. Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 26 July 2019.
  109. ^ "Łódź razem z Białymstokiem. Rozdano wlepki "strefa wolna od nienawiści", będzie pikieta" [Łódź together with Białystok: "Hate Free Zone" stickers were distributed, there will be a picket]. Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 23 July 2019.
  110. ^ "Right-wing Polish magazine issues anti-LGBT stickers". Bangkok Post. 24 July 2019.
  111. ^ "Samorządy przyjmują tak zwane uchwały anty-LGBT" [Local governments adopt anti-LGBT resolutions]. TVN24 (in Polish). 25 July 2019.
  112. ^ "Ustawy regionów "wolnych od LGBT" są niezgodne z prawem" [The laws of "LGBT free" regions are unlawful]. Queer.pl (in Polish). 22 July 2019.
  113. ^ Capon, Tom (18 July 2019). "Polish newspaper is handing out 'LGBT-free zone' stickers". Gay Star News.
  114. ^ ""Gazeta Polska" drukuje naklejki "Strefa wolna od LGBT". Czy ktoś w redakcji słyszał o nazistach?" ["Gazeta Polska" prints "LGBT free zone" stickers. Has anyone in the editorial heard about the Nazis?]. Gazeta.pl (in Polish). 17 July 2019.
  115. ^ "Polnisches Magazin verteilt Aufkleber "LGBT-freie Zone"" [Polish magazine distributed "LGBT-free zone" stickers]. Queer.de (in German). 18 July 2019.
  116. ^ a b Fitzsimons, Tim (19 July 2019). "Polish magazine criticized for planning 'LGBT-free zone' stickers". NBC News. While conservative social media users cheered the move on Twitter and on Facebook, many liberal Poles connected the effort to create "LGBT-free" zones to Nazi efforts to create zones free of Jews.
  117. ^ "Polonia, botte e insulti al gay-pride di Bialystok" [Poland, beatings and insults to the gay pride of Bialystok]. la Repubblica (in Italian). 21 July 2019.
  118. ^ "RPO o "Strefie wolnej od LGBT": Polsce grozi dyskryminacja na rynku usług" [RPO on the "LGBT Free Zone": Poland is facing discrimination in the services market]. Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). 5 August 2019.
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  121. ^ "Polish couple hand out rainbow masks to fight country's LGBTQI-free zones". Star Observer. 20 April 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  122. ^ "Stars sign open letter supporting Polish LGBT rights". BBC News. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  123. ^ "Światowi twórcy kultury stają w obronie osób LGBT w Polsce. Powstał otwarty list do przedstawicieli Unii Europejskiej". MSN Wiadomości (in Polish). 17 August 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
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  125. ^ "Biden: nigdzie na świecie nie ma miejsca na "strefy wolne od LGBT"" (in Polish). Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  126. ^ Sitnicka, Dominika (21 September 2020). "Atlas Nienawiści nominowany do Nagrody im. Sacharowa". oko.press. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  127. ^ "Ambasadorzy w Polsce wyrażają poparcie dla osób LGBT. Powstał list otwarty" (in Polish). Retrieved 28 September 2020.
  128. ^ "Kilkudziesięciu ambasadorów kieruje do polskiego rządu list poparcia dla społeczności LGBTI" (in Polish). Retrieved 28 September 2020.
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  138. ^ Rivaud, François-Xavier (2 March 2020). "Zones anti-LGBT : la région Centre - Val-de-Loire rompt avec la Pologne". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved 20 June 2020.
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  • Atlas nienawiści (Atlas of Hate) - Map of anti-LGBT ideology Polish government resolutions
  • Tu nie chodzi o ludzi(This is not about people) - a documentary film presenting fragments of political debates on so-called anti-LGBT resolutions
  • Knecht, Tomasz (2020). "Idea miast partnerskich wobec wybranych uchwał samorządowych w Polsce w latach 2019–2020" [The idea of sister cities in view of selected local government resolutions in Poland in the years 2019–2020]. Rocznik Europeistyczny. 5: 123–141. doi:10.19195/2450-274X.5.8.
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