Songping
Tống Bình (Vietnamese) or Songping (Chinese: 宋平, p Sòngpíng, w Sung-p‘ing) was a former imperial Chinese and Vietnamese settlement on the south bank of the Red River within present-day Hanoi's Từ Liêm and Hoài Đức districts.
History
A fortified settlement was founded by the Chinese Liu Song dynasty as the seat of Songping County (t 宋平縣, s 宋平县, p Sòngpíng Xiàn) within Jiaozhi (Giao Chỉ) commandery.[1] The name refers to its pacification by the dynasty. As its own commandery (宋平郡, p Sòngpíng Jùn; Template:Lang-vi), Tống Bình included the districts of Yihuai (t 義懷, s 义怀, p Yìhuái) and Suining (t 綏寧, s 绥宁, p Suíníng).
The Sui general Liu Fang reconquered the territory from the Vietnamese state of Van Xuan in 603 and made Tống Bình the capital of Jiaozhi in place of Long Biên. During this period, it was also known as Luocheng (t 羅城, s 罗城, p Luóchéng, w Lo-ch'eng, lit. "Enveloping Wall"; Template:Lang-vi),[2] although this name originally referred to nearby Long Biên and later referred to the fortification which grew into Thăng Long and modern Hanoi. For a few years after 621, the city administered a prefecture as Songzhou (宋州, p Sòngzhōu, w Sung-chou).[2]
Under the Tang, the city continued to function as the capital of Annam. The name was ended in 714.[1] The rebellion of Mai Thúc Loan captured the city in 722.[3]
See also
- Hanoi, the modern city
- Từ Liêm and Hoài Đức, the modern districts
- History of Hanoi
- Long Biên, the nearby settlement and former capital
Citations
- ^ a b Hanoi (1977), p. 16.
- ^ a b Schafer (1967), p. 32.
- ^ Anh (2000), p. 26.
References
- Anh, Thư Hà; et al. (2000), A Brief Chronology of Vietnam's History, Hanoi: Thế Giới Publishers.
- Tran, Quoc Vuong; et al. (1977), Hanoi: From the Origins to the 19th Century, Vietnamese Studies, Hanoi: Xunhasaba.
- Schafer, Edward Hetzel (1967), The Vermilion Bird: T'ang Images of the South, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 9780520054639.