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List of South-West Indian Ocean cyclones before 1900

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The following is a list of South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones before 1970.

Storms

1848

On January 11, 1848, the first tropical cyclone on record was observed in the basin.[1]

April 1892 cyclone

1200 deaths - 50,000 homeless. The most dramatic and the most devastating cyclone in the history of the country. Sugar production fell 42%. A third of the city of Port Louis was destroyed in a few hours.

March 1927 cyclone

Considered the strongest to strike Madagascar for at least 67 years,[2] a cyclone hit the eastern portion of the country on March 3,[3] potentially causing as many as 500 deaths.[4]

Cyclone of 1948

On January 22, a tropical disturbance formed northeast of Mauritius. Initially it moved to the southwest, but turned to the south on January 26. The next day, the storm passed just west of Réunion with winds estimated at around 120 km/h (75 mph), and later dissipated on January 28.[5] The storm killed about 100 people and injured hundreds. About 60% of the island's houses were damaged or destroyed, and about 70% of the crops were destroyed.[6]

Cyclone Astrid

Lasting from December 1957 until early in January 1958, Cyclone Astrid struck Mozambique and later produced torrential rainfall in northern South Africa, reaching over 500 mm (20 in).[7]

Cyclone Alice (19 January 1960)

Cyclone Alice struck Mauritius Island in February 1960. The island suffered a devastating wind from 160 km/h to 200 km/h for nearly 20 hours.

Cyclone Carol (28 February 1960)

Carol directly hit Mauritius where its eye passed over the island and it is assumed to be the most powerful cyclone ever recorded in the South-West Indian Ocean with wind gust of 160 km/h to 256 km/h, making at least 300,000 people homeless and destroying 40% of Mauritian main economy at that time, which was the sugar cane crop. It left 42 deaths.

Cyclone Jenny (27–28 February 1962)

Cyclone Jenny started to develop on 26 February 1962 at around 22hr , moving in a southeasterly direction. On 27 February 1962, the cyclone passed 30 km off the north of Mauritius with a maximum wind speed of 235 km/h, causing 14 deaths, injuring hundreds, leaving 8,000 homeless, and considerable damage in the northern portion of the island. Afterwards, Cyclone Jenny moved towards Mauritius at an average speed of 40 km/h. Next, it moved to the north of Reunion Island on 28 February 1962, where it killed 37 people and injured a further 150.

Cyclone Denise (1966)

On 7–8 January 1966, tropical cyclone Denise dumped 1,825 mm (71.9 in) on Foc-Foc, La Réunion. 3 deaths. It established a 24-hour rainfall record that still holds as of late 2012.[8]

References

  1. ^ Philippe Caroff; et al. (June 2011). Operational procedures of TC satellite analysis at RSMC La Reunion (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 2013-04-22. {{cite report}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
  2. ^ United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs (1994). Madagascar Cyclone Jan 1994 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 7 (Report). ReliefWeb. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
  3. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=I_S1D8cnTiEC&pg=PA297&lpg=PA297&dq=1927+madagascar+cyclone&source=bl&ots=cSv6XJ2q_U&sig=bc1SCL2o-Bhgblo8aB3y26oYrDc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=4v6LUaPxPOvA4AOPtYCICw&ved=0CFwQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=1927%20madagascar%20cyclone&f=false
  4. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/3842188
  5. ^ Kenneth R. Knapp; Michael C. Kruk; David H. Levinson; Howard J. Diamond; Charles J. Neumann (2010). 1948 05S:XXXX948648 (1948018S12072). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data (Report). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
  6. ^ "Cyclone on Reunion Takes a Heavy Toll". Townsville Daily Bulletin. 1948-02-03. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
  7. ^ Z.P. Kovács; D.B. Du Plessis; P.R. Bracher; P. Dunn; G.C.L. Mallory (May 1985). Documentation of the 1984 Domoina Floods (PDF) (Report). Department of Water Affairs (South Africa).
  8. ^ "Global Weather & Climate Extremes". World Meteorological Organisation. Retrieved 2010-09-25.

See also

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