Borzya
Borzya
Борзя | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Buryat | Бооржо |
| • Mongolian | Боорж |
 | |
.png) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Borzya  | |
  Borzya Location of Borzya  Borzya Borzya (Zabaykalsky Krai) | |
| Coordinates: 50°23′N 116°31′E / 50.383°N 116.517°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Zabaykalsky Krai[1] |
| Administrative district | Borzinsky District[1] |
| Founded | 18th century |
| Town status since | 1950 |
| Elevation | 690 m (2,260 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 31,379 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 28,888 (−7.9%) |
| • Capital of | Borzinsky District[1] |
| • Municipal district | Borzinsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Borzinskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Borzinsky Municipal District,[5] Borzinskoye Urban Settlement[6] |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (MSK+6  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 674600–674603, 674609 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 30233 |
| OKTMO ID | 76609101001 |
Borzya (Russian: Борзя, IPA: [ˈborzʲə]; Buryat: Бооржо, Boorjo; Mongolian: Боорж, Boorj) is a town and the administrative center of Borzinsky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located 349 kilometers (217 mi) southeast of Chita, the administrative center of the krai. Population: 31,379 (2010 Census);[2] 31,460 (2002 Census);[9] 36,373 (1989 Soviet census).[10]
Geography
[edit]The town is located on the river Borzya—a right-hand tributary of the Onon—about 40 kilometers (25 mi) from the border with Mongolia in the south and 70 kilometers (43 mi) from the border with China in the southeast.
Climate
[edit]Borzya has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwb) with severely cold, dry winters and warm, wet summers. Precipitation is quite low but is significantly higher from June to September than at other times of the year. Borzya is the sunniest city in Russia, the average annual number of hours of sunshine is 2797 hours, or about 63% of the time the sun is above the horizon,
| Climate data for Borzya | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0 (32) |
7.1 (44.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
37.2 (99.0) |
41.4 (106.5) |
40.3 (104.5) |
37.6 (99.7) |
34.4 (93.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
4.4 (39.9) |
41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −17.8 (0.0) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
9.9 (49.8) |
18.5 (65.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
17.6 (63.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
6.4 (43.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −26.1 (−15.0) |
−20.7 (−5.3) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
17.4 (63.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.2 (63.0) |
9.8 (49.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−13.1 (8.4) |
−23.4 (−10.1) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −32.8 (−27.0) |
−28.8 (−19.8) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
2.2 (36.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
10.5 (50.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−29.9 (−21.8) |
−8.7 (16.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −50 (−58) |
−49.0 (−56.2) |
−43.6 (−46.5) |
−30.8 (−23.4) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−13.8 (7.2) |
−29.1 (−20.4) |
−43.1 (−45.6) |
−51.7 (−61.1) |
−51.7 (−61.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3 (0.1) |
2 (0.1) |
4 (0.2) |
8 (0.3) |
20 (0.8) |
56 (2.2) |
80 (3.1) |
65 (2.6) |
33 (1.3) |
10 (0.4) |
5 (0.2) |
5 (0.2) |
291 (11.5) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75.3 | 78.6 | 73.7 | 46 | 39.1 | 42.9 | 46.4 | 50.7 | 52.1 | 58.1 | 74.1 | 76.5 | 59.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 152 | 203 | 264 | 267 | 304 | 303 | 276 | 270 | 231 | 226 | 162 | 140 | 2,798 |
| Source 1: Temps & Precip: pogodaiklimat.ru [11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Other data: climatebase.ru (1948-2011)[12] | |||||||||||||
History
[edit]Although there had been human settlement on the present site of the town since the 18th century, the modern town began with the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1899. The settlement around the Borzya railway station was officially opened in 1900, named Suvorovsky in honor of Alexander Suvorov.[13] This name, however, was not widely used by the residents, who continued to use the same name as the railway station and the river. The name Borzya was eventually made official when the settlement was granted town status in 1950.[13]
Administrative and municipal status
[edit]Within the framework of administrative divisions, Borzya serves as the administrative center of Borzinsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Borzya, together with one rural locality (the crossing loop of Zun-Torey), is incorporated within Borzinsky Municipal District as Borzinskoye Urban Settlement.[4]
Economy
[edit]Besides the railway workshops, employers in the town include food production enterprised, particularly meat production from the livestock industry in the surrounding area.
The Kharanor brown coal open-pit mine is located northwest of the town, providing fuel for power generation.
Transportation
[edit]The town is on the original stretch of the Trans-Siberian Railway which crossed Manchuria on its way to Vladivostok and was known as the Chinese Eastern Railway. This route was later bypassed by the current Trans-Siberian, which is entirely on the Russian territory, but the original line passing through Borzya is still used for passenger and freight traffic to and from China.
A branch line from Borzya reaches Choibalsan in Mongolia. The border stations are Solov'yovsk (Соловьёвск) in Russia and Chuluunkhoroot (Ereentsav) in Mongolia. There are no passenger service across the border, but passenger trains operate between Choibalsan and Chuluunkhoroot.[14]
Military
[edit]The town was the headquarters of the 36th Army of the Russian Ground Forces until 2009.[15]
The airbases of the Borzya-2 (air base) and Arabatuk (air base) are nearby.
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Inhabited Localities of Zabaykalsky Krai
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c Law #317-ZZK
- ^ Law #316-ZZK
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 76 609 101». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 76 609 101. ).
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Климат Борзи - Погода и климат".
- ^ "Borzya, Russia". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
- ^ a b Народная энциклопедия "Мой город". Борзя (Забайкальский край)
- ^ Lonely Planet Mongolia: Choibalsan transport (archived version 18 Jan 2012)
- ^ Штаб 36-й армии СибВО перенесен из Борзи в Улан-Удэ [36th Army headquarters of the Siberian Military District relocated from Borzya to Ulan-Ude]. Sibinfo (in Russian). February 24, 2009. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
Sources
[edit]- Министерство территориального развития Забайкальского края. 1 января 2014 г. «Реестр административно-территориальных единиц и населённых пунктов Забайкальского края», в ред. Распоряжения №209-р от 10 июня 2014 г.. (Ministry of the Territorial Development of Zabaykalsky Krai. January 1, 2014 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Inhabited Localities of Zabaykalsky Krai, as amended by the Directive #209-r of June 10, 2014. ).
- Законодательное Собрание Забайкальского края. Закон №317-ЗЗК от 18 декабря 2009 г. «О границах сельских и городских поселений Забайкальского края», в ред. Закона №1070-ЗЗК от 31 октября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Забайкальского края "О границах сельских и городских поселений Забайкальского края"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Забайкальский рабочий", №239–242, 21 декабря 2009 г. (Legislative Assembly of Zabaykalsky Krai. Law #317-ZZK of December 18, 2009 On the Borders of the Rural and Urban Settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai, as amended by the Law #1070-ZZK of October 31, 2014 On Amending the Law of Zabaykalsky Krai "On the Borders of the Rural and Urban Settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Забайкальского края. Закон №316-ЗЗК от 18 декабря 2009 г. «О границах муниципальных районов и городских округов Забайкальского края», в ред. Закона №770-ЗЗК от 26 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Забайкальского края "О границах муниципальных районов и городских округов Забайкальского края"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Забайкальский рабочий", №239–242, 21 декабря 2009 г. (Legislative Assembly of Zabaykalsky Krai. Law #316-ZZK of December 18, 2009 On the Borders of the Municipal Districts and Urban Okrugs of Zabaykalsky Krai, as amended by the Law #770-ZZK of December 26, 2012 On Amending the Law of Zabaykalsky Krai "On the Borders of the Municipal Districts and Urban Okrugs of Zabaykalsky Krai". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).
External links
[edit]- Official website of Borzya (in Russian)
- Borzya Business Directory (in Russian)