Outline of the Wars of Scottish Independence
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Wars of Scottish Independence:
Wars of Scottish Independence – A series of military campaigns fought from 1296–1357 by the Kingdom of Scotland to maintain their nation's independence from the Kingdom of England.
Background
[edit]The following events can be seen as leading to the Wars of Scottish Independence:
- Death of Alexander III of Scotland - 19 March 1286
- Death of Margaret, Maid of Norway - September 1290 - left no clear heir to the throne of Scotland.
- Competitors for the Crown of Scotland - 13 individuals claiming the throne of Scotland. Edward I of England was asked to conduct the court which choose the next king.
Participants
[edit]Combatants of the following nations and entities were involved in the Wars of Scottish Independence:
Main conflicts and campaigns
[edit]The Wars of Scottish Independence consisted of the following conflicts:
- First War of Scottish Independence - 1296–1328
- Second War of Scottish Independence - 1332–1357
Notable agreements
[edit]The following agreements all had a bearing on the conduct of the Wars of Scottish Independence:
- Ragman Rolls - Series of agreements whereby the Scottish nobles subscribed to the allegiance of Edward I of England. Signed in 1291, 1292 and 1296.
- Auld Alliance - Agreement made in 1295 between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of France against the Kingdom of England.
- Declaration of Arbroath - Letter sent to Pope John XXII in 1320 asserting Scotland's independence.
- Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton - 1328 treaty formally ending the First War of Scottish Independence.
- Treaty of Berwick (1357) - Formally ended the Second War of Scottish Independence.
Notable individuals
[edit]Leaders in Scotland
[edit]Kings
[edit]- John Balliol - 1292–1296
- Robert the Bruce - 1306–1329
- David II of Scotland - 1329–1371
Guardians
[edit]Interregnum period
[edit]The following people all served as the Guardian of Scotland, either solely or jointly during the interregnum of 1296–1306:
- William Wallace - 1297–1298
- Andrew Moray - 1297–1298
- Robert the Bruce - 1298–1300
- John Comyn III of Badenoch - 1298–1304
- William de Lamberton - 1299–1301
- Ingram de Umfraville - 1300–1301
- John de Soules - 1301–1304
Minority of David II
[edit]The following people all served as the Guardian of Scotland, during the minority of David II of Scotland:
- Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray - 1329–1332
- Domhnall II, Earl of Mar - 1332
- Andrew Murray - 1332, 1335–1338
- Robert II of Scotland - 1334–1335, 1338–1341. Would serve again when David II was captured by the English from 1347–1354.
Leaders in England
[edit]Kings
[edit]- Edward I of England - 1272–1307
- Edward II of England - 1307–1327
- Edward III of England - 1327–1377
Other leaders
[edit]- Edward Balliol - Claimant to the Scottish throne. Would claim to rule from 1332–1356.
See also
[edit]External links
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Wars of Scottish Independence
- 13th century in Scotland
- 14th century in Scotland
- 13th-century conflicts
- 14th-century conflicts
- Warfare in medieval Scotland
- Wars involving Scotland
- Wars involving England
- Wars of independence
- Invasions by England
- Invasions of Scotland
- Warfare in medieval England
- Military history of Scotland
- Wars of the Middle Ages
- England–Scotland relations
- Outlines