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In mammalian cells, two broad groups of centromere-interacting proteins have been described: constitutively binding centromere proteins and 'passenger' (or transiently interacting) proteins.[12] The constitutive proteins include CENPA (centromere protein A), CENPB, CENPC1, and CENPD.
The term 'passenger proteins' encompasses a broad collection of proteins that localize to the centromere during specific stages of the cell cycle.[13] These include CENPE; MCAK; KID; cytoplasmic dynein (e.g., DYNC1H1); CliPs (e.g. CLIP1); and CENPF/mitosin (CENPF). The inner centromere proteins (INCENPs),[5] the initial members of the passenger protein group, display a broad localization along chromosomes in the early stages of mitosis but gradually become concentrated at centromeres as the cell cycle progresses into mid-metaphase. During telophase, the proteins are located within the midbody in the intercellular bridge, where they are discarded after cytokinesis.[7][14]
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ abEarnshaw WC, Cooke CA (Sep 1991). "Analysis of the distribution of the INCENPs throughout mitosis reveals the existence of a pathway of structural changes in the chromosomes during metaphase and early events in cleavage furrow formation". J Cell Sci. 98 (4): 443–61. doi:10.1242/jcs.98.4.443. PMID1860899.
^Adams RR, Eckley DM, Vagnarelli P, Wheatley SP, Gerloff DL, Mackay AM, Svingen PA, Kaufmann SH, Earnshaw WC (Jul 2001). "Human INCENP colocalizes with the Aurora-B/AIRK2 kinase on chromosomes and is overexpressed in tumour cells". Chromosoma. 110 (2): 65–74. doi:10.1007/s004120100130. PMID11453556. S2CID13778759.
Martineau-Thuillier S, Andreassen PR, Margolis RL (1999). "Colocalization of TD-60 and INCENP throughout G2 and mitosis: evidence for their possible interaction in signalling cytokinesis". Chromosoma. 107 (6–7): 461–70. doi:10.1007/s004120050330. PMID9914378. S2CID24935187.
Wheatley SP, Kandels-Lewis SE, Adams RR, et al. (2001). "INCENP binds directly to tubulin and requires dynamic microtubules to target to the cleavage furrow". Exp. Cell Res. 262 (2): 122–7. doi:10.1006/excr.2000.5088. PMID11139336.