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Family tree of Ali

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The Ottomans were officially from Hanafi-Sunni branch of Islam, the names of two sons of Fatimah and Ali were inscribed inside all of their mosques. An example of this is the writings of Hasan and Husayn, two grandchildren of Muhammad by the calligrapher Kazasker Mustafa Izzet Efendi with Islamic calligraphy in Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey.

Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: عَلِي ابْن أَﺑِﻲ طَالِب, 599 – 661 ACE) was an early[a] Islamic leader. Ali is revered by Sunni Muslims as the fourth Rightly Guided Caliphs, and as a foremost religious authority on the Qur'an and Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). Shi'a Muslims consider him the First Imam appointed by the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the first rightful caliph. Ali was the cousin of Muhammad, and after marriage to Fatimah he also became Muhammad's son-in-law.

His father was Abu Talib and his mother was Fatimah bint Asad, but he was raised in the household of Muhammad, who himself was raised by Abu Talib, Muhammad's uncle. When Muhammad reported receiving a divine revelation, Ali was one of the first believers in Islam at the age of 12, dedicating his life to the cause of Islam.[4][5][6]

Ali had four children with Muhammad's daughter Fatimah: Al-Hasan, Al-Husayn, Zaynab and Umm Kulthum.[7] His other well-known sons were Abbas ibn Ali, born to Umm al-Banin Fatimah bint Hizam, and Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya,[8] from Khawla al-Hanafiyya, another wife from the central Arabian tribe of Banu Hanifa, whom Ali had also married after Fatimah's death.

Hasan, born in 625, is the second Shia Imam and he also assumed the role of caliph for several months after Ali's death. In the year AH 50 he died after being poisoned by a member of his own household named Jada who, according to historians, had been motivated by Mu'awiyah.[9] Husayn, born in 626, was the third Shia Imam, whom Yazid ibn Mu'awiyah persecuted severely. On the tenth day of Muharram, of the year 680, Husayn lined up before the army of the caliph Yazid with his small band of followers and nearly all of them were killed in the Battle of Karbala. The anniversary of his death is called the Day of Ashura and it is a day of mourning and religious observance for Shia Muslims.[10] In this battle some of Ali's other sons were killed. Al-Tabari has mentioned their names in his history: Abbas ibn Ali, the holder of Husayn's standard, Ja'far, Abdullah and Uthman, the four sons born to Umm al-Banin; Abu Bakr (also known as "Muhammad al-Asghar or Muhammad the Younger"). There is, however, some doubt as to whether the last died in the battle.[11] Some historians have added the names of Ali's other sons who were killed at Karbala, including Ibrahim, Umar and Abdullah ibn Al-Asqar.[12][13] His daughter Zaynab—who was in Karbala—was captured by Yazid's army and later played a great role in revealing what happened to Husayn and his followers.[14] Ali's descendants by Fatimah are known as sharifs, sayeds or sayyids. These are honorific titles in Arabic, sharif meaning 'noble' and sayed or sayyid meaning 'lord' or 'sir'. As Muhammad's descendants, they are respected by both Sunnis and Shi'ites.[7]

Both of his sons by Umama bint Zaynab, that is Hilal and 'Awn, died in Iran, with the latter having been martyred in a battle against Qays ibn Murrah (the governor of Khorasan), and the former dying naturally.[15]

Ali's descendants through his son Abbas are known as Alvi Awans. Today, most of them reside in modern-day Arab world. They are descendants of Qutb Shah who is a direct descendant of Ali, and his lineage is traced as Qutb Shah (Awn) ibn Yaala ibn Hamza ibn Tayyar ibn Qasim ibn Ali ibn Ja'far ibn Hamza ibn al-Hasan ibn Ubaydullah ibn Abbas ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]

The Isaaq clan-family in Somaliland and Ethiopia claims descendant to Ali through its forefather Sheikh Ishaaq.[25][26][27]

Family tree (graphical)

Kilab ibn MurrahFatimah bint Sa'd
Banu Azd
Qusayy ibn KilabHubba bint Hulail
Banu Khuza'ah
Al-Mughira ibn QusayyAtikah bint Murrah
Banu Hawazin
Salma bint Amr
Banu Najjar		Hashim ibn al-MughiraQaylah bint Amr
Banu Khuza'ah
Fatimah bint Amr
Banu Makhzum		Abd al-Muttalib ibn HashimAsad ibn Hashim
Abu Talib ibn Abd al-MuttalibFatimah bint Asad
Abdullah ibn Abd al-MuttalibTalib ibn Abi TalibAqil ibn Abi TalibFakhitah bint Abi Talib
Muhammad ibn AbdullahJa'far ibn Abi TalibJumanah bint Abi Talib
Fatimah al-Zahra bint MuhammadAli ibn Abi Talib

Family tree (textual)

Paternal grand father: Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, see Family tree of Abd al-Muttalib
Paternal grand mother: Fatima bint Amr
Father: Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Mother: Fatimah bint Asad
Brother: Ja'far ibn Abi Talib
Nephew: Awn ibn Ja'far — married Umm Kulthum bint Ali
Nephew: Muhammad ibn Ja'far — married Umm Kulthum bint Ali
Nephew: Abd Allah ibn Ja'far — married Zaynab bint Ali and Umm Kulthum bint Ali
Grand Nephews: Awn ibn Abd Allah ibn Ja'far and Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Ja'far — died at the Battle of Karbala
Brother: Aqil ibn Abi Talib
Nephew: Muslim ibn Aqil — died before the Battle of Karbala — (kufa)
Grand Nephews: Muhammad ibn Muslim and Ibrahim ibn Muslim — died before the Battle of Karbala
Brother: Talib ibn Abi Talib
Sister: Fakhitah bint Abi Talib
Sister: Jumanah bint Abi Talib
Paternal uncle: Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Paternal uncle: Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib — father of Muhammad
Paternal aunt: Amina bint Wahb — mother of Muhammad
Cousin: Muhammad
Cousin's daughters: Fatima, Zaynab, Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum
Cousin's sons: Qasim, Abd Allah, Ibrahim
Mother in law(s) : Khadija through Fatima.
Zaynab through Umama.
Brother-in-law(s): Uthman through Ruqayya & Umm Kulthum
Abu al-As through Zaynab
Himself: Ali

Descendants (textual)

  • Umm Sa'id bint Urwa
    • Umm al-Hasan
    • Ramla al-Kubra, "Ramla the Elder"
    • Umm Kulthum al-Sughra, "Umm Kulthum the Younger"
    • Umar ibn Ali
  • Muhayya bint Imru al-Qays
    • Umm Ya'la
  • Other(s):[32]
    • Umm Hani
    • Maymuna
    • Zaynab al-Sughra, "Zaynab the Younger"
    • Ruqayya
    • Fatima
    • Umama
    • Khadija
    • Umm al-Kiram
    • Umm Salama
    • Umm Ja'far Jumana
    • Nafisa

Descendants (graphical)

The Sayyid Aljabery family of southern Iraq are descendants of Ali from his son Imam Husayn. The Bukhari of Pakistan are Syed descendends of Ali, and includes 9 of the 12 Shia imams. The Idrisid and Alaouite dynasties of Morocco claim to be descended from Ali and Fatimah. The descendants of Ali include the Hashemite royal family of Jordan,[36] the Isaaq clan-family in Somaliland and Ethiopia,[25][26][27] the Husseini family of Lebanon, the Hiraki family of Syria and Egypt, the Alaouite royal family of Morocco and the Ashrafs of the city of Harar, Mashwanis and Awans (also referred as Alvis) of Pakistan. Other prominent descendants include: Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, Abdullah al-Aftah, Ali al-Uraidhi ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Muhammad Ibn Qasim (al-Alawi), Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Yahya ibn Umar, Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi and Ibn Dihya al-Kalby.

Fatimah al-Zahra bint Muhammad (Family tree)Ali al-Murtadha
ibn Abi Talib		Khawlah bint Ja'far
Hasan al-MujtabaHusayn al-SibtMuhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah
MuhammadZaydQasimHasan al-MuthannaBeshrFatimah bint HasanAli Zayn al-AbidinAliAbu HashimHasan
HasanYahyaMuhammadAbdullahTalhaHasanAbu Bakr
(Family tree)
Hasan (Alavids)MaymūnahUmm al-Husayn[37]AliMuhammad ibn Abi Bakr
Abdullah al-KamilDa'wudHasanIbrahim al-GhamrJa'farMuhammadHasanQasim ibn Muhammad
SulaymanAli al-AbidIsma'ilHasanAliMuhammad al-BaqirUmm Farwah bint al-Qasim
SulaymanidsHusayn
Sahib Fakhkh		Ibrahim
Tabataba		HasanHusayn al-AsgharUmar al-AshrafZaydJa'far al-Sadiq
MuhammadAl-Qasim al-RassiUbaydullahYahyaIdris
Imams
of Yemen		Hasan al-UtrushHasanHusayn
Musa al-JawnYahyaIbrahimIdris al-AkbarMuhammad al-Nafs al-ZakiyyaSulaymanJa'farIsa
IbrahimAliAbdullahIdrisids of
Morocco,
Hammudids
of Spain and Senussids of Libya		Alaouites of Morocco
and Saadids of Morocco		Sulaymanids
of the Maghrib		Sharifs
of Sus		Yahya ibn Umar ibn Yahya ibn Husayn ibn Zayd al-Kufi
Yusuf
al-Ukhaidhir		Husayn
al-Ukhaidhir		Isma'il ibn Ja'farAbdullah al-AftahMusa
al-Kadhim		Ishaq al-Mu'taminMuhammad al-Dibaj
Banu al-UkhaidhirMusaSalihSulaymanMuhammad ibn Isma'ilMuhammad ibn AbdullahAli
al-Ridha		AhmadAli al-Uraidhi
Muhammad ibn YusufBanu Qatadah of Mecca & Banu FulaytaBanu Salih
of Ghana		Sulaymanids
of Mecca and Jizan		Hidden Isma’ili ImāmsMuhammad
al-Jawad
Yusuf ibn MuhammadFatimid caliphsAli al-HadiMusa al-Mubarraqa
Ismāʿīl ibn YusufAbu'l-Qasim MuhammadMusta'liNizarHasan
al-Askari		MuhammadJa'far
Hassan ibn IsmāʿīlAl-HafizAl-AmirImams of AlamutMuhammad
al-Mahdi
Ahmad ibn HassanHafizi Isma'ilismAl-TayyibAga Khans
Abu'l-Muqallid Ja'far[38]Tayyibi Isma'ilismNizari Isma'ilism

Lineage of Husayn ibn Ali

This is a simplified family tree of Husayn ibn Ali. People in italics are considered by the majority of Shia and Sunni Muslims to be Ahl al-Bayt (People of the House). Twelver Shia also see the 4th to 12th Imams as Ahl al-Bayt (Ali is an imam in Mustaali but no number is assigned for this position, and Hasan ibn Ali is not an Imam in Nizari Imamah).


Muhammad
570 – 632 CE
grandfather
(family tree)		Khadijah bint Khuwaylid
555 – 619 CE
grandmother
Fatimah
615 – 632 CE
mother		Ali
601 – 666 CE
father
1st Shia Imāmah, 4th Sunni Rashidun
Muhsin ibn Ali
? – 632 CE
brother		Hasan ibn Ali
624 – 670 CE
brother
2nd Twelver/Zaidiyyah and 1st Mustaali Imāmah		Husayn ibn Ali
626 – 680 CE
3rd Twelver/Zaidiyyah and 2nd Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Umm Kulthum bint Ali
? – ? CE
sister		Zaynab bint Ali
626/627 – 682 CE
sister
Shahrbanu
? – 659/680 CE
wife		Rubab bint Imra al-Qais
? – 659/680 CE
wife		Layla bint Abi Murrah al-Thaqafi
wife		Umm Ishaq bint Talhah
594 – 656 CE
wife
Fatimah as-Sughra
669 – 680 CE
daughter		Sakinah bint Husayn
669 – 736 CE
daughter		Ali al-Asghar ibn Husayn
680 CE
son		Sukayna bint Husayn
676 – 680/681 CE
daughter		Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn
662 – 680 CE
son		Fatimah bint Husayn
daughter
Mother of ‘UmarAli ibn Husayn
659 – 713 CE
son
4th Twelver/Zaidiyyah and 3rdMustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Fatimah bint al-Hasan
daughter-in-law		Jayda al-SindhiUmar ibn Husayn
son
‘Umar al-AshrafMuhammad al-Baqir
677 – 733 CE
grandson
5th Twelver and 4th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Farwah bint al-Qasim
(Umm Farwa)		Zayd ibn Ali
698 – 740 CE
grandson
5th Zaidiyyah Imāmah		Abu Bakr ibn Husayn
son
‘AlīHamidah KhatunJa'far al-Sadiq
700/702 – 765 CE
great-grandson
6th Twelver and 5th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Fatima bint al-Hussain'l-Athram bin al-Hasan bin AliZaynab bint Husayn
daughter
al-ḤasanMusa al-Kadhim
745 – 799 CE
7th Twelver Imāmah		Abdullah al-Aftah ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq
766 – ? CE		Isma'il ibn Jafar
722 – 762 CE
6th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		UnknownUmm Kulthum bint Husayn
daughter
‘AlīUmmul Banīn Najmah
al-Nāṣir al-Kabīr
844 – 917 CE		Ali ar-Ridha
8th Twelver Imāmah		Sabīkah a.k.a. KhayzurānMuhammad ibn Ismail
7th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Fatima
Muhammad al-Taqi
8th Twelver Imāmah		UnknownAhmad al-Wafi
8th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Unknown
UnknownAli al-Hadi
10th Twelver Imāmah		Hâdise
( Hadīthah ) / Suzan ( Sūsan ) / Sevil ( Savīl )		Muhammad at-Taqi
9th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah		Unknown
Sayyid imam Muhammad al-Askari
candidat of 11th Twelver Imāmah		Hasan al-Askari
11th Twelver Imāmah		NarjisRabi Abdullah
10th Mustaali/Nizari Imāmah
Muhammad al-Mahdi
12th Twelver Imām
He is in Major Occultation
since the age of Four
Khwaja Abul Farah
Khwaja Abul Fazal
Khwaja Daud
Syed Hasan Arabi
Syed Nasiruddin

Lineage of Abbas ibn Ali

This is a simplified family tree of Abbas ibn Ali.

Ali ibn Abi TalibUmm al-Banin Fatimah bint Huzam
Lubaba bint UbaydillahAbbas ibn Ali
Ubaydullah
Al-Hasan
Hamza
Ja'far
Ali
Qasim
Tayyar
Hamza
Yaala
Abdullah Awn (Qutb Shah)
Qutb Shahi Awans

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Assuming that Islam started with Muhammad. Muslims believe that Islam did not start with him, but that it represents even previous Prophets, such as Jesus, David, Moses, Abraham, Noah and Adam.[1][2][3]

References

  1. ^ Esposito, John (1998). Islam: The Straight Path (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 9, 12. ISBN 978-0-19-511234-4.
  2. ^ Esposito (2002b), pp. 4–5.
  3. ^ Peters, F.E. (2003). Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians. Princeton University Press. p. 9. ISBN 0-691-11553-2.
  4. ^ Tabatabaei 1979, p. 191
  5. ^ Ashraf 2005, p. 14
  6. ^ Diana, Steigerwald (2004). "Alī ibn Abu Talib". Encyclopaedia of Islam and the Muslim world. Vol. 1. MacMillan. ISBN 978-0-02-865604-5.
  7. ^ a b Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. "Ali". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Archived from the original on 18 October 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2007.
  8. ^ Stearns & Langer 2001, p. 1178
  9. ^ Tabatabaei 1979, p. 194
  10. ^ Tabatabaei 1979, pp. 196–201
  11. ^ Al-Tabari 1990, pp. vol.XIX pp. 178–179
  12. ^ "Karbala's Martyrs". Archived from the original on 4 January 2009. Retrieved 17 September 2007.
  13. ^ List of Martyrs of Karbala Archived 29 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine by Khansari "فرزندان اميراالمؤمنين(ع): 1-ابوبكربن علي(شهادت او مشكوك است). 2-جعفربن علي. 3-عباس بن علي(ابولفضل) 4-عبدالله بن علي. 5-عبدالله بن علي العباس بن علي. 6-عبدالله بن الاصغر. 7-عثمان بن علي. 8-عمر بن علي. 9-محمد الاصغر بن علي. 10-محمدبن العباس بن علي."
  14. ^ "Zaynab Bint ʿAlĪ". Encyclopedia of Religion. Gale Group. 2004. Archived from the original on 24 December 2008. Retrieved 10 April 2008.
  15. ^ "Mohammad Hilal Ibn Ali". www.helal.ir. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011.
  16. ^ Al Hilli, Allamah. Kihalastah al-Nisab.
  17. ^ Arthur Rose, Horace (1911). A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province. 1st ed. was printed by Government Printing Press Lahore.
  18. ^ Jaffrelot, Christophe (2004). A History of Pakistan and Its Origins (Reprinted ed.). Anthem Press. p. 205. ISBN 978-1-84331-149-2.
  19. ^ Researched By Dr Muhammad Iqbal Awan and Jalhari Moazzam Shah
  20. ^ Manzoor Hussain Naqvi, Maulana Syed. "Naik Wiladat-e-Ghazi Abbas (A.S) [Different page no. in different editions]". Tohfat Al Awam.
  21. ^ "History of Awan Lecture by Naseeruddin Naseer Gilani". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21.
  22. ^ Molana Abdul Tahyi Ansari Lakhnavi (12 April 2017). Kitab Ul Bayah.
  23. ^ Gul Muhammad Madhwal of Khabeki (12 April 2017). Shajra-e-Awan.
  24. ^ Sultan Hamid bin Sultan Bahu (Jan 2007). Munaqab-e-Sultani. Shabeer Brothers (Lahore).
  25. ^ a b Rima Berns McGown, Muslims in the diaspora, (University of Toronto Press: 1999), pp. 27–28
  26. ^ a b I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), p. 22
  27. ^ a b I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42
  28. ^ Books, Happy. "Family Tree of Ali ibn Abi Taalib". Happy Books. Retrieved 2 July 2011.
  29. ^ "Al-Hasan al-Muthanna".
  30. ^ The Sunshine Book, By Dr. S. Manzoor Rizvi; p323;
  31. ^ a b "پایگاه اطلاع رسانی آستان مقدس حضرت محمد هلال بن علی(ع) - Content". Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
  32. ^ a b c d Harouf.com [harouf.com/SiratAhlelbeit/EmamAli1.htm harouf.com/SiratAhlelbeit/EmamAli1.htm]. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  33. ^ Hazrat Ummol Banin shia-news.com Retrieved 14 Oct 2018
  34. ^ 1-ابوبكربن علي(شهادت او مشكوك است). 2-جعفربن علي. 3-عباس بن علي(ابولفضل) 4-عبدالله بن علي. 5-عبدالله بن علي العباس بن علي. 6-عبدالله بن الاصغر. 7-عثمان بن علي. 8-عمر بن علي. 9-محمد الاصغر بن علي. 10-محمدبن العباس بن علي."
  35. ^ Masʿūdī, al-Tanbīh wa al-ishrāf, p. 275; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 254.
  36. ^ Family tree of King Abdullah of Jordan
  37. ^ Al-Yasin, Shaykh Radi. "1". Sulh al-Hasan. Jasim al-Rasheed. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. p. 4.
  38. ^ Madelung, "Al-Ukhaydir," p. 792
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