Pest, Hungary: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Pest város címere 1703.JPG|right|thumb|150px|Historical coat of arms of Pest, used between 1703-1873.<ref name="symbols" />]] |
[[File:Pest város címere 1703.JPG|right|thumb|150px|Historical coat of arms of Pest, used between 1703-1873.<ref name="symbols" />]] |
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On the territory of future Pest there have been [[Celt]]ic and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] settlements. |
On the territory of future Pest there have been [[Celt]]ic and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] settlements. |
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During the Middle Ages, Pest was an independent [[city]] separate from Buda/Ofen, that became an important economic center during 11th–13th centuries. The first written mention dates back to 1148. |
During the Middle Ages, Pest was an independent [[city]] separate from Buda/Ofen, that became an important economic center during 11th–13th centuries. The first written mention dates back to 1148. |
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Pest It was destroyed in the 1241 [[First Mongol invasion of Hungary|Mongol invasion |
Pest It was destroyed in the 1241 [[First Mongol invasion of Hungary|Mongol invasion of Hungary]], but was rebuilt soon thereafter. |
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Demographically, in the 15th century Pest was mostly Hungarian, while Buda across the Danube had a German-majority popularion.<ref name=Pallas>{{cite web |url= http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/pallas/html/016/pc001672.html#9 |title= Budapest |work= A Pallas Nagy Lexikona |language= Hungarian |access-date= 2009-11-03}}</ref> |
Demographically, in the 15th century Pest was mostly Hungarian, while Buda across the Danube had a German-majority popularion.<ref name=Pallas>{{cite web |url= http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/pallas/html/016/pc001672.html#9 |title= Budapest |work= A Pallas Nagy Lexikona |language= Hungarian |access-date= 2009-11-03}}</ref> |
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{{commons category|Pest (Hungary)}} |
{{commons category|Pest (Hungary)}} |
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[[Category:Pest, Hungary| |
[[Category:Pest, Hungary| ]] |
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[[Category:Geography of Budapest]] |
[[Category:Geography of Budapest]] |
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Revision as of 00:13, 11 June 2020
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Pest (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɛʃt]) is the eastern, mostly flat part of Budapest, Hungary, comprising about two thirds of the city's territory. It is separated from Buda and Óbuda, the western parts of Budapest, by the Danube River. Among its most notable sights are the Inner City, the Hungarian Parliament Building, Heroes' Square and Andrássy Avenue. In colloquial Hungarian, "Pest" is often used for the whole capital of Budapest. The three parts of Budapest (Pest, Buda, Óbuda) united in 1873.
Etymology
According to Ptolemy the settlement was called Pession in ancient times (Contra-Aquincum).[citation needed] Alternatively, the name Pest may have come from a Slavic word meaning "furnace", "oven" (Bulgarian пещ ['pɛʃt]; Serbian пећ/peć; Croatian "peć"), related to the word пещера (meaning "cave"), probably with reference to a local cave where fire burned.[1] The spelling Pesth was occasionally used in English, even as late as the early 20th century,[2] although it is now considered archaic.
History
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On the territory of future Pest there have been Celtic and Roman settlements.
During the Middle Ages, Pest was an independent city separate from Buda/Ofen, that became an important economic center during 11th–13th centuries. The first written mention dates back to 1148.
Pest It was destroyed in the 1241 Mongol invasion of Hungary, but was rebuilt soon thereafter.
Demographically, in the 15th century Pest was mostly Hungarian, while Buda across the Danube had a German-majority popularion.[4]
In 1838 Pest was flooded by the Danube; parts of the city were under as much as eight feet of water, and the flood destroyed or seriously damaged three-fourths of the city’s buildings.[5] In 1849 the first suspension bridge, the Széchenyi Chain Bridge, was constructed across the Danube connecting Pest with Buda. Subsequently, in 1873, the two cities were unified with Óbuda to become Budapest.
Notable people
- László Teleki (1811-1861), writer, statesman and magician
- Henrik Weber (1818-1866), painter
- Theodor Herzl (1860-1904), founder of the political Zionist movement
- Harry Houdini (1874-1926), illusionist, escape acts performer
Climate
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| Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
- Budapest
- Inner City (Budapest)
- Pest County
- Újpest (New Pest)
- Kispest (Little Pest)
- Pestszentlőrinc (Saint Lawrence of Pest)
- Buda
- Óbuda (Old Buda)
References
- ^ Adrian Room (2006). Placenames of the World. McFarland & Company. p. 70. ISBN 0-7864-2248-3.
- ^ Pesth
- ^ a b Nyerges, András, ed. (1998). Pest-Buda, Budapest szimbólumai [Budapest arms & colours: throughout the centuries]. Budapest: Budapest Főváros Levéltára. p. 2.
- ^ "Budapest". A Pallas Nagy Lexikona (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2009-11-03.
- ^ Nemes, Robert (2005). The Once and Future Budapest. DeKalb, Ill.: Northern Illinois University Press. p. 107. ISBN 0-87580-337-7.
Further reading
- Beksics, Gusztáv: Magyarosodás és magyarositás. Különös tekintettel városainkra. Budapest, 1883
External links
47°30′N 19°6′E / 47.500°N 19.100°E
