Jump to content

TikTok: Difference between revisions

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m →‎History: Douyin was originally launched as A.me - and the citation for its name remaining the same wasn't even a snapshot from 2016...
Line 43: Line 43:
== History ==
== History ==
=== Evolution ===
=== Evolution ===
Douyin was launched by [[ByteDance]] in China in September 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://jingdaily.com/douyin-luxury-brands/|title=Is Douyin the Right Social Video Platform for Luxury Brands? {{!}} Jing Daily|date=11 March 2018|work=Jing Daily|access-date=30 October 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915044636/https://jingdaily.com/douyin-luxury-brands/|archive-date=15 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Douyin was developed in 200 days, and within a year got 100 million users, with more than 1 billion videos viewed every day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://walkthechat.com/douyin-became-chinas-top-short-video-app-500-days/|title=How Douyin became China's top short-video App in 500 days|last=Graziani|first=Thomas|date=30 July 2018|website=WalktheChat|language=en-US|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329025317/https://walkthechat.com/douyin-became-chinas-top-short-video-app-500-days/|archive-date=29 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://technode.com/2018/06/15/8-lessons-douyin/|title=8 Lessons from the rise of Douyin (Tik Tok) · TechNode|date=15 June 2018|website=TechNode|language=en-US|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311192049/https://technode.com/2018/06/15/8-lessons-douyin/|archive-date=11 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> TikTok was launched in the international market in September 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://en.prnasia.com/releases/apac/Tik_Tok_a_Global_Music_Video_Platform_and_Social_Network_Launches_in_Indonesia-187963.shtml|title=Tik Tok, a Global Music Video Platform and Social Network, Launches in Indonesia|access-date=30 October 2018|language=en-us|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615111648/https://en.prnasia.com/releases/apac/Tik_Tok_a_Global_Music_Video_Platform_and_Social_Network_Launches_in_Indonesia-187963.shtml|archive-date=15 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> On 23 January 2018, the TikTok app ranked #1 among free [[mobile app]] downloads on app stores in [[Thailand]] and other countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thailand.shafaqna.com/EN/TH/738296|title=Tik Tok, Global Short Video Community launched in Thailand with the latest AI feature, GAGA Dance Machine The very first short video app with a new function based on AI technology|website=thailand.shafaqna.com|access-date=15 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310010511/http://thailand.shafaqna.com/EN/TH/738296|archive-date=10 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
Douyin was launched by [[ByteDance]] in China in September 2016, originally under the name A.me, before rebranding to Douyin in December 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sixthtone.com/news/1001728/the-app-that-launched-a-thousand-memes|title=The App That Launched a Thousand Memes {{!}} Sixth Tone|date=20 February 2018|work=Sixth Tone|access-date=2 February 2020|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223191256/http://www.sixthtone.com/news/1001728/the-app-that-launched-a-thousand-memes|archive-date=23 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://jingdaily.com/douyin-luxury-brands/|title=Is Douyin the Right Social Video Platform for Luxury Brands? {{!}} Jing Daily|date=11 March 2018|work=Jing Daily|access-date=30 October 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915044636/https://jingdaily.com/douyin-luxury-brands/|archive-date=15 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Douyin was developed in 200 days, and within a year had 100 million users, with more than 1 billion videos viewed every day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://walkthechat.com/douyin-became-chinas-top-short-video-app-500-days/|title=How Douyin became China's top short-video App in 500 days|last=Graziani|first=Thomas|date=30 July 2018|website=WalktheChat|language=en-US|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329025317/https://walkthechat.com/douyin-became-chinas-top-short-video-app-500-days/|archive-date=29 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://technode.com/2018/06/15/8-lessons-douyin/|title=8 Lessons from the rise of Douyin (Tik Tok) · TechNode|date=15 June 2018|website=TechNode|language=en-US|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311192049/https://technode.com/2018/06/15/8-lessons-douyin/|archive-date=11 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> TikTok was launched in the international market in September 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://en.prnasia.com/releases/apac/Tik_Tok_a_Global_Music_Video_Platform_and_Social_Network_Launches_in_Indonesia-187963.shtml|title=Tik Tok, a Global Music Video Platform and Social Network, Launches in Indonesia|access-date=30 October 2018|language=en-us|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615111648/https://en.prnasia.com/releases/apac/Tik_Tok_a_Global_Music_Video_Platform_and_Social_Network_Launches_in_Indonesia-187963.shtml|archive-date=15 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> On 23 January 2018, the TikTok app ranked #1 among free [[mobile app]] downloads on app stores in [[Thailand]] and other countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thailand.shafaqna.com/EN/TH/738296|title=Tik Tok, Global Short Video Community launched in Thailand with the latest AI feature, GAGA Dance Machine The very first short video app with a new function based on AI technology|website=thailand.shafaqna.com|access-date=15 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310010511/http://thailand.shafaqna.com/EN/TH/738296|archive-date=10 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>


TikTok has been downloaded about 80 million times in the United States, and 800 million times worldwide, according to data from mobile research firm Sensor Tower that excludes Android users in China.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/21/tech/tiktok-app/index.html|title=TikTok is the latest social network sensation|last=Yurieff|first=Kaya|date=21 November 2018|website=Cnn.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104123943/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/21/tech/tiktok-app/index.html|archive-date=4 January 2019|url-status=live|access-date=}}</ref> Celebrities including [[Jimmy Fallon]] and [[Tony Hawk]] have joined the app in November 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/15/18095446/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-tony-hawk-downloads-revenue|title=TikTok surges past 6M downloads in the US as celebrities join the app|last=Alexander|first=Julia|date=15 November 2018|website=The Verge|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224105355/https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/15/18095446/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-tony-hawk-downloads-revenue|archive-date=24 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-musically-app-downloads-1203032629/|title=TikTok App Nears 80 Million U.S. Downloads After Phasing Out Musical.ly, Lands Jimmy Fallon as Fan|last=Spangler|first=Todd|last2=Spangler|first2=Todd|date=20 November 2018|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102085913/https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-musically-app-downloads-1203032629/|archive-date=2 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
TikTok has been downloaded about 80 million times in the United States, and 800 million times worldwide, according to data from mobile research firm Sensor Tower that excludes Android users in China.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/21/tech/tiktok-app/index.html|title=TikTok is the latest social network sensation|last=Yurieff|first=Kaya|date=21 November 2018|website=Cnn.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104123943/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/21/tech/tiktok-app/index.html|archive-date=4 January 2019|url-status=live|access-date=}}</ref> Celebrities including [[Jimmy Fallon]] and [[Tony Hawk]] have joined the app in November 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/15/18095446/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-tony-hawk-downloads-revenue|title=TikTok surges past 6M downloads in the US as celebrities join the app|last=Alexander|first=Julia|date=15 November 2018|website=The Verge|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224105355/https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/15/18095446/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-tony-hawk-downloads-revenue|archive-date=24 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-musically-app-downloads-1203032629/|title=TikTok App Nears 80 Million U.S. Downloads After Phasing Out Musical.ly, Lands Jimmy Fallon as Fan|last=Spangler|first=Todd|last2=Spangler|first2=Todd|date=20 November 2018|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102085913/https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/tiktok-jimmy-fallon-musically-app-downloads-1203032629/|archive-date=2 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
Line 56: Line 56:


=== Douyin ===
=== Douyin ===
As a separate app from TikTok, Douyin is available from the developer's website and has maintained the same app title since its launch in September 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.douyin.com/|script-title=zh:【抖音短视频】记录美好生活-Douyin.com|website=douyin.com|access-date=5 January 2019|title=Archived copy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104222457/https://www.douyin.com/|archive-date=4 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Part of its popularity is attributable to its marketing campaigns, launching several activities with Chinese celebrities to engage their fans' interest. For example, its marketing campaign in 2018 Spring Festival Gala alone brought an increase of 70 million daily active users.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dragonsocial.net/blog/tik-tok-china-short-video/#one|title=Tik Tok-The #1 App in China (THE NEXT SNAPCHAT!)|last=Li|first=Wilson|date=13 June 2018|website=Dragon Social|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608084746/https://www.dragonsocial.net/blog/tik-tok-china-short-video/#one|archivedate=8 June 2019|url-status=live|accessdate=}}</ref> In February 2018, Douyin launched a partnership with [[Modern Sky]] to monetize music.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://chinamusicbusinessnews.com/?p=1843|title=Douyin launches partnership with Modern Sky to monetize music|last=|first=|date=|work=|access-date=15 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310010353/http://chinamusicbusinessnews.com/?p=1843|archive-date=10 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
As a separate app from TikTok, Douyin is available from the developer's website. Part of its popularity is attributable to its marketing campaigns, launching several activities with Chinese celebrities to engage their fans' interest. For example, its marketing campaign in 2018 Spring Festival Gala alone brought an increase of 70 million daily active users.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dragonsocial.net/blog/tik-tok-china-short-video/#one|title=Tik Tok-The #1 App in China (THE NEXT SNAPCHAT!)|last=Li|first=Wilson|date=13 June 2018|website=Dragon Social|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608084746/https://www.dragonsocial.net/blog/tik-tok-china-short-video/#one|archivedate=8 June 2019|url-status=live|accessdate=}}</ref> In February 2018, Douyin launched a partnership with [[Modern Sky]] to monetize music.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://chinamusicbusinessnews.com/?p=1843|title=Douyin launches partnership with Modern Sky to monetize music|last=|first=|date=|work=|access-date=15 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310010353/http://chinamusicbusinessnews.com/?p=1843|archive-date=10 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>


== Features ==
== Features ==

Revision as of 16:57, 4 February 2020

For other uses, see Tick tock.
"Douyin" redirects here. Not to be confused with Dōjin.

TikTok
Developer(s)ByteDance
Initial releaseSeptember 2016; 7 years ago (2016-09)
Stable release
14.7.5 / 21 January 2020
Operating systemiOS, Android
Size308.3 MB (iOS)[1]
55.80 MB (Android)[2]
Available in40 languages[3]
List of languages
Arabic, Bengali, Burmese, Cambodian, Cebuano, Czech, Dutch, English, Filipino, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Javanese, Kannada, Korean, Malay, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Traditional Chinese, Turkish, Ukrainian, and Vietnamese
TypeVideo sharing
LicenseProprietary software with Terms of Use
Websitetiktok.com
Douyin (TikTok)
Chinese抖音
Literal meaning"vibrating sound"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinDǒuyīn
IPA[tòʊ.ín]

TikTok is a video-sharing social networking service owned by ByteDance, a Beijing-based company founded in 2012 by Zhang Yiming. It is used to create short lip-sync, comedy, and talent videos. The app was launched in 2017 for iOS and Android for markets outside of China. ByteDance had previously launched Douyin (Chinese: 抖音) for the China market in September 2016. TikTok and Douyin are similar to each other, but run on separate servers to comply with Chinese censorship restrictions. The application allows users to create short music and lip-sync videos of 3 to 15 seconds[5][6] and short looping videos of 3 to 60 seconds. It is popular in Asia, the United States, and other parts of the world.[7] TikTok is not available in China, and its servers are based in countries where the app is available.[8]

TikTok was the most downloaded app in the US in October 2018, the first Chinese app to achieve this.[9][10] As of 2018, it is available in over 150 markets and in 75 languages. In February 2019, TikTok, together with Douyin, hit one billion downloads globally, excluding Android installs in China.[11] In 2019, TikTok was announced to be the 7th most downloaded mobile app of the decade, from 2010 to 2019.[12]

History

Evolution

Douyin was launched by ByteDance in China in September 2016, originally under the name A.me, before rebranding to Douyin in December 2016.[13][14] Douyin was developed in 200 days, and within a year had 100 million users, with more than 1 billion videos viewed every day.[15][16] TikTok was launched in the international market in September 2017.[17] On 23 January 2018, the TikTok app ranked #1 among free mobile app downloads on app stores in Thailand and other countries.[18]

TikTok has been downloaded about 80 million times in the United States, and 800 million times worldwide, according to data from mobile research firm Sensor Tower that excludes Android users in China.[19] Celebrities including Jimmy Fallon and Tony Hawk have joined the app in November 2018.[20][21]

On September 3, 2019, TikTok and the NFL announced a multi-year partnership. The partnership includes the launch of an official NFL account that will bring NFL content to worldwide fans.[22]

Musical.ly merger

On 9 November 2017, TikTok's parent company, ByteDance, spent up to $1 billion to purchase Musical.ly, a startup based in Shanghai with an office in Santa Monica, California, owning a popular social media platform targeting the US teenage market.[23][24] Looking forward to leveraging the US digital platform's young user base, TikTok merged with Musical.ly on 2 August 2018 to create a larger video community, with existing accounts and data consolidated into one app, keeping the title TikTok.[24][25][26] Musical.ly was a social media video platform that allowed users to create short lip-sync and comedy videos. Its official release was on August 2014.

Expansion in other markets

As of 2018, TikTok is now available in over 150 markets, and in 75 languages.[27][28] TikTok was downloaded more than 104 million times on Apple's App store during the full first half of 2018, according to data provided to CNBC by Sensor Tower. It surpassed Facebook, YouTube and Instagram to become the world's most downloaded iOS app for that time period.[29][30]

Douyin

As a separate app from TikTok, Douyin is available from the developer's website. Part of its popularity is attributable to its marketing campaigns, launching several activities with Chinese celebrities to engage their fans' interest. For example, its marketing campaign in 2018 Spring Festival Gala alone brought an increase of 70 million daily active users.[31] In February 2018, Douyin launched a partnership with Modern Sky to monetize music.[32]

Features

The TikTok mobile app allows users to create a short video of themselves which often feature music in the background, can be sped up, slowed down or edited with a filter.[citation needed] To create a music video with the app, users can choose background music from a wide variety of music genres, edit with a filter and record a 15-second video with speed adjustments before uploading it to share with others on TikTok or other social platforms.[33] They can also film short lip-sync videos to popular songs.

The app's "react" feature allows users to film their reaction to a specific video, over which it is placed in a small window that is movable around the screen.[34] Its "duet" feature allows users to film a video aside another video.[35] The “duet” feature was another trademark of Musical.ly.

The app allows users to set their accounts as "private". Such accounts' content remains visible to TikTok, but is blocked from TikTok users who the account holder has not authorised to view their content.[36] Users can choose whether any other user, or only their "friends", may interact with them through the app via comments, messages, or "react" or "duet" videos.[34][36] Users also can set specific videos to either “public”, “friends only”, or “private” regardless if the account is private or not.

The “for you” page on TikTok is a feed of recommended videos to users based on their previous actions on the app, consisting of what kind of content they liked. Users can only be featured on the “for you” page if they are 16 or over per TikTok policy. Users under 16 will not show up under the “for you” page, under sounds, or under any hashtags.[37]

Users can also add videos, hashtags, filters, and sounds to their “saved” section. This section is visible only to the user on their profile allowing them to refer back to any video, hashtag, filter, or sound they've previously saved.

Artificial intelligence

TikTok employs artificial intelligence to analyse users' interests and preferences through their interactions with the content, and display a personalized content feed to each user.[38][39]

User characteristics and behavior

Users

See also: List of most-followed TikTok accounts

In the three years after it launched on September 2016, TikTok had 500 million active users.

Demographics

In the US, 52% of TikTok users are iPhone users. While TikTok has a neutral gender-bias format, 44% of TikTok users are female while 56% are male.[40] TikTok's geographical use has shown that 43% of new users are from India.[41] TikTok has proven to attract the younger generation, as 41% of its users are between the ages of 16 and 24. Among these TikTok users, 90% say they use the app on a daily basis.[40]

User engagement

TikTok's user engagement rate is 29%. As of July 2018, TikTok users spend an average of 52 minutes a day on the app. ByteDance has stated that U.S. users open the app eight times a day and individual sessions on the app are the longest at 4.9 minutes.[41]

There are a variety of trends within TikTok, including memes, lip-synced songs, and comedy videos. Duets, a feature that allows users to add their own video to an existing video with the original content's audio, have led to most of these trends.

Trends are shown on the explore page on TikTok, or the page with the search logo. The page enlists the trending hashtags and challenges among the app. Some include #posechallenge, #filterswitch, #makeeverysecondcount, #wannalisten, #pillowchallenge, #furrywar, #hitormiss, #bottlecapchallenge and more.

In June 2019, the company introduced the hash tag #EduTok which received 37 billion views. Following this development the company initiated partnerships with Edtech start ups to create educational content on the platform.[42]

The app has spawned numerous viral trends and internet celebrities around the world, propelled songs to fame, and is known to be popular among celebrities due to its popularity and social influence.[43][44][45][46][47][48] Studies have shown that in just one year, short videos in China have gone up by 94.79 million.[49]

The most well-known viral TikTok meme in the Western world of 2018 is "hit or miss", from a snippet of iLOVEFRiDAY's "Mia Khalifa" (2018), which has been used in over four million TikTok videos, and helped introduce TikTok to a larger Western audience.[50]

TikTok is believed to have been a major factor in making "Old Town Road" by Lil Nas X become one of the biggest songs of 2019.[51][52][53][54][55]

Other songs that have gained popularity because of their success on TikTok are "Roxanne" by Arizona Zervas, "Lalala" by bbno$, "Stupid" by Ashnikko, "Yellow Hearts" by Ant Saunders and "Truth Hurts" by Lizzo. The platform has received some criticism, however, for its lack of royalties towards artists whose music is used on their platform.[50]

Top accounts

Most followed accounts on TikTok

Main article: List of most-followed TikTok accounts

Most followed accounts on Douyin

This list contains the top 10 accounts that had the most followers on Douyin, which is the Chinese version of TikTok and mostly used in China.[56]

Top Douyin users (last updated 21 May 2019)
Rank User ID Followers
(millions) 		Country or region
1 Dilraba Dilmurat @274110380 54.4  China
2 Chen He @191433445 54.0  China
3 Liu Erdou (会说话的刘二豆) @erdou 46.2  China
4 Yi Chan (一禅小和尚) @yichan6666 43.6  China
5 Angelababy @228.228 39.6  Hong Kong
6 Chen Xiang @cxldb001 36.2  China
7 Modern Brothers (摩登兄弟) @MD4528 35.6  China
8 He Jiong @he.jiong 34.8  China
9 M Brother (M哥) @185625797 33.3  China
10 Feng Timo (冯提莫) @Fengtimo1219 31.4  China

Reception

TikTok became the world's most downloaded app on Apple's App Store in the first half of 2018 with an estimated 104 million downloads, surpassing the downloads recorded by PUBG Mobile, YouTube, WhatsApp and Instagram in the same period.[29] Studies have shown that in just one year, short videos in China have gone up by 94.79 million.[49]

Privacy, cyberbullying and addiction concerns

Similar to other platforms,[57] journalists in several countries have raised privacy concerns about the app, not least because it is popular with children and may expose them to sexual predators.[57][58][59][60]

Several users have reported endemic cyberbullying on TikTok,[61][62] including racist abuse.[63] In December 2019, following a report by German digital rights group Netzpolitik.org, TikTok admitted that it had suppressed videos by disabled users as well as LGBTQ users in a purported effort to limit cyberbullying.[64]

When the app was first launched as Douyin, many users recorded videos with excessive drinking, over-eating, using firecrackers for self-harm, and other issues. Other issues would be videos about children. Some of these videos were showing obese children or mothers who have had a child at 15 years old or younger.[65][unreliable source?]Some users may find it hard to stop using TikTok.[66] In April 2018, an addiction-reduction feature was added to Douyin.[66] This encouraged users to take a break every 90 minutes.[66] Later in 2018, the feature was rolled out to the TikTok app.

In January 2020, Check Point Research discovered a security flaw in TikTok which could have allowed hackers access to user accounts using SMS.[67]

National security concerns

See also: Chinese intelligence activity abroad

In January 2019, an investigation by the American think tank Peterson Institute for International Economics described TikTok as a "Huawei-sized problem" that posed a national security threat to the West,[68][69] noting the app's popularity with Western users including armed forces personnel, and its alleged ability to convey location, image and biometric data to its Chinese parent company, which is legally unable to refuse to share data to the Chinese government because of the China Internet Security Law.[69] Observers have also noted that ByteDance's founder and CEO Zhang Yiming issued a letter in 2018 stating that his company would "further deepen cooperation" with Communist Party of China authorities to promote their policies.[70] TikTok's parent company ByteDance claims that TikTok is not available in China and its data is stored outside of China, but its privacy policy has reserved the right to share any information with Chinese authorities.[71] In response to national security, censorship, and anti-boycott compliance concerns, in October 2019, Senator Marco Rubio asked the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States to open an investigation into TikTok and its parent company ByteDance.[72] The same month, senators Tom Cotton and Chuck Schumer sent a joint letter to the Director of National Intelligence requesting a security review of TikTok and its parent company.[73][74]

In November 2019, it was reported that the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States opened an investigation into ByteDance's acquisition of musical.ly.[75] The same month, following a request by Senator Chuck Schumer, U.S. Army Secretary Ryan McCarthy agreed to assess the risks of using TikTok as a recruitment tool.[76][77] Senator Josh Hawley introduced the National Security and Personal Data Protection Act to prohibit TikTok's parent company and others from transferring personal data of Americans to China.[78] In December 2019, the United States Navy as well as the U.S. Army banned TikTok from all government-issued devices.[79][80][81] Following its prohibition by the U.S. military, the Australian Defence Force also banned TikTok on its devices.[82]

Censorship

See also: Overseas censorship of Chinese issues

On 3 July 2018, TikTok was banned in Indonesia, after the Indonesian government accused it of promulgating "pornography, inappropriate content and blasphemy."[83][84][85][70][86] Shortly afterwards, TikTok pledged to task 20 staff with censoring TikTok content in Indonesia,[84] and the ban was lifted on 11 July 2018.[83]

In November 2018, the Bangladeshi government blocked the TikTok app's internet access.[87]

Also in 2018, Douyin was reprimanded by Chinese media watchdogs for showing "unacceptable" content, such as videos depicting adolescent pregnancies.[86]

In January 2019, the Chinese government said that it would start to hold app developers like ByteDance responsible for user content shared via apps such as Douyin,[88] and listed 100 types of content that the Chinese government would censor.[89][90] It was reported that certain content unfavorable to the Communist Party of China has already been limited for users outside of China such as content related to the 2019 Hong Kong protests.[91][92] TikTok has blocked videos about human rights in China, particularly those that reference Xinjiang re-education camps and abuses of ethnic and religious minorities, and disabled the accounts of users who post them.[93][94] TikTok's policies also ban content related to a specific list of foreign leaders such as Vladimir Putin, Donald Trump, Barack Obama, and Mahatma Gandhi.[95] Its policies also ban content critical of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and content considered pro-Kurdish.[96] TikTok was reported to have censored users supportive of the Citizenship Amendment Act protests and those who promote Hindu-Muslim unity.[97]

In February 2019, several Indian politicians called for TikTok to be banned or more tightly regulated, after concerns emerged about sexually explicit content, cyberbullying, and deepfakes.[98]

TikTok moderators have banned content that could be perceived as being positive towards gay people or gay rights, including same-sex couples holding hands, including in countries where homosexuality has never been illegal.[96] Former U.S. employees of TikTok reported to The Washington Post that final decisions to remove content were made by parent company employees in Beijing.[99]

In response to censorship concerns, TikTok's parent company hired K&L Gates, including former Congressmen Bart Gordon and Jeff Denham, to advise it on its content moderation policies.[100][101] TikTok also hired lobbying firm Monument Advocacy.[102]

In 2019, TikTok removed about two dozen accounts that were responsible of posting ISIS propaganda on the app.[103][104]

On November 27, 2019, TikTok temporarily suspended the account of 17-year-old Afghan-American user Feroza Aziz after she posted a video, disguised as a makeup tutorial, drawing attention to the internment camps of Muslim Uyghurs in Xinjiang, China.[105] TikTok later claimed that her account was suspended as a result of human error, and her account has since been reinstated.[106]

Indonesian block

Indonesia temporarily blocked the TikTok app on 3 July 2018 amid public concern about illegal content such as pornography and blasphemy. The app was unblocked one week later after making various changes, including removing negative content, opening a government liaison office, and implementing age restrictions as well as security mechanisms.[107]

Tencent lawsuits

Tencent's WeChat platform has been accused of blocking Douyin's videos.[108][109] In April 2018, Douyin sued Tencent and accused it of spreading false and damaging information on its WeChat platform, demanding RMB 1 million in compensation and an apology. In June 2018, Tencent filed a lawsuit against Toutiao and Douyin in a Beijing court, alleging they had repeatedly defamed Tencent with negative news and damaged its reputation, seeking a nominal sum of RMB 1 in compensation and a public apology.[110] In response, Toutiao filed a complaint the following day against Tencent for allegedly unfair competition and asking for RMB 90 million in economic losses.[111]

US COPPA fines

On 27 February 2019, the United States Federal Trade Commission fined ByteDance US$5.7 million for collecting information from minors under the age of 13 in violation of the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act.[112] ByteDance responded by adding a kids-only mode to TikTok which blocks the upload of videos, the building of user profiles, direct messaging, and commenting on other's videos, while still allowing the viewing and recording of content.[113]

Brief ban in India

On 3 April 2019, the Madras High Court while hearing a PIL had asked the Government of India to ban the app, citing that it "encourages pornography". The court also noted that children using the app were at risk of being targeted by sexual predators. The court further asked broadcast media not to telecast any of those videos from the app. The spokesperson for TikTok stated that they were abiding by local laws and were awaiting the copy of the court order before they take action.[114] On 17 April, both Google and Apple removed TikTok from Google Play and the App Store.[115] As the court refused to reconsider the ban, the company stated that they had removed over 6 million videos that violated their content policy and guidelines.[116]

On 25 April 2019, the ban was lifted after a court in Tamil Nadu reversed its order of prohibiting downloads of the app from the App Store and Google Play, following a plea from TikTok developer Bytedance Technology.[117][118] India's TikTok ban might have cost the app 15 million new users.[119]

Data transfer class action lawsuit

In November 2019, a class action lawsuit was filed in California that alleged that TikTok transferred personally-identifiable information of U.S. persons to servers located in China owned by Tencent and Alibaba.[120][121][122]

References

  1. ^ "TikTok – Real Short Videos". App Store. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  2. ^ "TikTok". Play Store. Archived from the original on 26 June 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  3. ^ "TikTok - Make Your Day". iTunes. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  4. ^ "tiktok.com Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic - Alexa". alexa.com. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  5. ^ Ltd, Guiding Media Pvt (2 October 2018). "Top 10 TikTok (Musical.ly) App Tips and Tricks". Guiding Tech. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  6. ^ "TikTok – Apps on Google Play". play.google.com. Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  7. ^ "TikTok is fast becoming the most popular app in the world". The Industry Observer. 4 November 2018. Archived from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  8. ^ "Forget The Trade War. TikTok Is China's Most Important Export Right Now". Buzz Feed News. 16 May 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  9. ^ "Tik Tok, a Global Music Video Platform and Social Network, Launches in Indonesia-PR Newswire APAC". en.prnasia.com. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  10. ^ "How Douyin became China's top short-video App in 500 days – WalktheChat". WalktheChat. 25 February 2018. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  11. ^ "TikTok Pte. Ltd". Sensortower. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  12. ^ Rayome, Alison DeNisco. "Facebook was the most-downloaded app of the decade". CNET. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  13. ^ "The App That Launched a Thousand Memes | Sixth Tone". Sixth Tone. 20 February 2018. Archived from the original on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  14. ^ "Is Douyin the Right Social Video Platform for Luxury Brands? | Jing Daily". Jing Daily. 11 March 2018. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  15. ^ Graziani, Thomas (30 July 2018). "How Douyin became China's top short-video App in 500 days". WalktheChat. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  16. ^ "8 Lessons from the rise of Douyin (Tik Tok) · TechNode". TechNode. 15 June 2018. Archived from the original on 11 March 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  17. ^ "Tik Tok, a Global Music Video Platform and Social Network, Launches in Indonesia". Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  18. ^ "Tik Tok, Global Short Video Community launched in Thailand with the latest AI feature, GAGA Dance Machine The very first short video app with a new function based on AI technology". thailand.shafaqna.com. Archived from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  19. ^ Yurieff, Kaya (21 November 2018). "TikTok is the latest social network sensation". Cnn.com. Archived from the original on 4 January 2019.
  20. ^ Alexander, Julia (15 November 2018). "TikTok surges past 6M downloads in the US as celebrities join the app". The Verge. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  21. ^ Spangler, Todd; Spangler, Todd (20 November 2018). "TikTok App Nears 80 Million U.S. Downloads After Phasing Out Musical.ly, Lands Jimmy Fallon as Fan". Variety. Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  22. ^ "The NFL joins TikTok in multi-year partnership". TechCrunch. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  23. ^ Lin, Liza; Winkler, Rolfe (9 November 2017). "Social-Media App Musical.ly Is Acquired for as Much as $1 Billion". wsj.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  24. ^ a b "Social video app Musical.ly acquired for up to $1 billion". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  25. ^ "Musical.ly Is Going Away: Users to Be Shifted to Bytedance's TikTok Video App". msn.com. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
  26. ^ Kundu, Kishalaya (2 August 2018). "Musical.ly App To Be Shut Down, Users Will Be Migrated to TikTok". Beebom. Archived from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  27. ^ "Chinese video sharing app boasts 500 mln monthly active users - Xinhua | English.news.cn". xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  28. ^ "Why China's Viral Video App Douyin is No Good for Luxury | Jing Daily". Jing Daily. 13 June 2018. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  29. ^ a b Chen, Qian (18 September 2018). "The biggest trend in Chinese social media is dying, and another has already taken its place". CNBC. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  30. ^ "TikTok surpassed Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat & YouTube in downloads last month". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.
  31. ^ Li, Wilson (13 June 2018). "Tik Tok-The #1 App in China (THE NEXT SNAPCHAT!)". Dragon Social. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019.
  32. ^ "Douyin launches partnership with Modern Sky to monetize music". Archived from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  33. ^ Matsakis, Louise (6 March 2019). "How to Use TikTok: Tips for New Users". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on 14 August 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  34. ^ a b "TikTok adds video reactions to its newly-merged app". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  35. ^ "Tik Tok lets you duet with yourself, a pal, or a celebrity". The Nation. Archived from the original on 26 June 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  36. ^ a b "It's time to pay serious attention to TikTok". TechCrunch. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  37. ^ "TikTok Restricts Users Under 16 From Being Discovered". TikTok. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
  38. ^ "Tech in Asia – Connecting Asia's startup ecosystem". techinasia.com. Archived from the original on 29 December 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  39. ^ BeautyTech.jp (15 November 2018). "How cutting-edge AI is making China's TikTok the talk of town". Medium. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  40. ^ a b "10 TikTok Statistics That You Need to Know in 2019 [Infographic]". Oberlo. 22 October 2019. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  41. ^ a b "13 TikTok Stats for Marketers: TikTok Demographics, Statistics, & Key Data". Mediakix. 7 March 2019. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  42. ^ "TikTok ties up with edtech startups for content creation". ETtech.com. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  43. ^ "J-pop song finds new life in China, a decade on". Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  44. ^ "How Does Tik Tok Outperform Tencent's Super App WeChat and Become One of China's Most Popular Apps? (Part 1)". Archived from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  45. ^ "Viral 'Karma's a Bitch' Meme Takes Chinese Video App by Storm". Archived from the original on 19 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  46. ^ Balois, Lim (6 April 2018). "Enhancing that 'chin on a hand' thingy". nst.com.my. Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  47. ^ "Tik Tok, a Global Music Video Platform and Social Network, Launches in Indonesia". AsiaOne. Archived from the original on 5 August 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  48. ^ "Wannabe stars fuel video fad – SHINE". SHINE. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  49. ^ a b Hou. L., M.C.A., October 2018, Graduate School, Bangkok University Study on the Perceived Popularity of Tik Tok (75pp.) Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Rose ChongpornKomolsevin, Ph.D.
  50. ^ a b "How TikTok Gets Rich While Paying Artists Pennies". Pitchfork. 12 February 2019. Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  51. ^ Coscarelli, Joe (9 May 2019), "How Lil Nas X Took 'Old Town Road' From TikTok Meme to No. 1 | Diary of a Song", YouTube, The New York Times, archived from the original on 10 November 2019, retrieved 26 November 2019
  52. ^ Koble, Nicole (28 October 2019). "TikTok is changing music as you know it". British GQ. Archived from the original on 23 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  53. ^ Leskin, Paige (22 August 2019). "The life and rise of Lil Nas X, the 'Old Town Road' singer who went viral on TikTok and just celebrated Amazon Prime Day with Jeff Bezos". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 14 September 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  54. ^ Spanos, Brittany (December 2019). "How Lil Nas X and 'Old Town Road' Defy Categorization". Smithsonian. Archived from the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  55. ^ D. Kennedy, Gerrick (20 November 2019). "Lil Nas X makes Grammy history as the first openly gay rapper nominated in top categories". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 27 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  56. ^ 2019年抖音粉丝最多的明星是谁-抖音网红人气排名2019最新_9号资讯. 9ht.com. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
  57. ^ a b "Les dangers de Tik Tok pour vos enfants et comment s'en prémunir". CNET France. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  58. ^ WSPA (20 September 2018). "Tik Tok app raises concerns for young users". WNCT. Archived from the original on 1 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  59. ^ Zhang, Karen. "Tik Tok, currently the world's most popular iPhone app, under fire over lack of privacy settings – Tech News – The Star Online". scmp.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  60. ^ Koebler, Jason; Cox, Joseph (6 December 2018). "TikTok, the App Super Popular With Kids, Has a Nudes Problem". Archived from the original on 28 February 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  61. ^ "TikTok Creators Say They Are Being Bullied And The Company Isn't Helping". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  62. ^ "Clock is ticking: Experts urge caution as popularity of TikTok surges". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  63. ^ "What is TikTok and is it safe?". The Week UK. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  64. ^ Lao, David (3 December 2019). "TikTok admits to suppressing videos from some persons with disabilities, LGBTQ2 community". Global News. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  65. ^ Zhang, Ruiqi. "Parallel Narrative: Short-Video Social Media Platforms’ Influences on Contemporary Narrative." (2019). Page 11
  66. ^ a b c "Lip syncing, finger dancing – Hong Kong kids go crazy for Tik Tok". South China Morning Post. 19 May 2018. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  67. ^ "TikTok flaws could have allowed hackers access to user accounts through an SMS". Hindustan Times. 8 January 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  68. ^ "The Growing Popularity of Chinese Social Media Outside China Poses New Risks in the West". PIIE. 11 January 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  69. ^ a b News, Taiwan. "Report warns of security concerns amid sudden..." Taiwan News. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  70. ^ a b Spence, Philip (16 January 2019). "ByteDance Can't Outrun Beijing's Shadow". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019.
  71. ^ "The Kids Use TikTok Now Because Data-Mined Videos Are So Much Fun". Bloomberg News. 18 April 2019. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  72. ^ Romm, Tony; Harwell, Drew (9 October 2019). "Sen. Rubio: U.S. government should probe TikTok over Chinese censorship concerns". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 9 October 2019. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  73. ^ Thorbecke, Catherine (25 October 2019). "Lawmakers say Chinese-owned app TikTok could pose 'national security risks'". ABC News. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  74. ^ Pham, Sherisse (25 October 2019). "TikTok could threaten national security, US lawmakers say". CNN. Archived from the original on 31 October 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
  75. ^ Roumeliotis, Greg (1 November 2019). "U.S. opens national security investigation into TikTok - sources". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
  76. ^ Bartz, Diane (12 November 2019). "U.S. Army should assess security risks of using TikTok for recruitment: Sen. Schumer". Reuters. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  77. ^ Frazin, Rachel (22 November 2019). "Army taking security assessment of TikTok after Schumer warning". The Hill. Archived from the original on 23 November 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  78. ^ Harding McGill, Margaret (18 November 2019). "Hawley bill targets Apple and TikTok ties to China". Axios. Archived from the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  79. ^ Bell, M.B.; Wang, Echo (20 December 2019). "U.S. Navy bans TikTok from government-issued mobile devices". Reuters. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  80. ^ Calma, Justine (31 December 2019). "US Army bans soldiers from using TikTok". The Verge. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  81. ^ Harwell, Drew; Romm, Tony (31 December 2019). "U.S. Army bans TikTok on military devices, signaling growing concern about app's Chinese roots". The Washington Post. Retrieved 5 January 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  82. ^ Bogle, Ariel (16 January 2020). "Soldiers are getting famous on TikTok, but the US and Australian military aren't fans". ABC News. Retrieved 19 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  83. ^ a b hermesauto (11 July 2018). "Indonesia overturns ban on Chinese video app Tik Tok". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  84. ^ a b "Chinese video app Tik Tok to set up Indonesia censor team to..." Reuters. 5 July 2018. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019 – via uk.reuters.com.
  85. ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Indonesia blocks 'pornographic' Tik Tok app – DW – 05.07.2018". DW.COM. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  86. ^ a b "TikTok parent ByteDance sues Chinese news site that exposed fake news problem".
  87. ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Bangladesh 'anti-porn war' bans blogs and Google books – DW – 25.02.2019". DW.COM. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  88. ^ "Chinese government to start blaming social apps for what their users' post". 14 January 2019. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  89. ^ Pentchoukov, Ivan (15 January 2019). "Chinese Censors Target Short Video Apps". Theepochtimes.com. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  90. ^ Davis, Rebecca; Davis, Rebecca (18 January 2019). "Farewell to Concubines: China Tightens Restrictions on Short-Form Videos". Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  91. ^ Harwell, Drew; Romm, Tony (15 September 2019). "TikTok's Beijing roots fuel censorship suspicion as it builds a huge U.S. audience". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 16 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019.
  92. ^ Hern, Alex (25 September 2019). "Revealed: how TikTok censors videos that do not please Beijing". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  93. ^ Cockerell, Isobel (25 September 2019). "TikTok—Yes, TikTok—Is the Latest Window Into China's Police State". Wired. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  94. ^ Chan, Holmes; Grundy, Tom (27 November 2019). "'Suspension won't silence me': Teen speaks out after embedding message about Xinjiang Uyghurs in TikTok make-up vid". Hong Kong Free Press. Archived from the original on 27 November 2019. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  95. ^ Hern, Alex (25 September 2019). "Revealed: how TikTok censors videos that do not please Beijing". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  96. ^ a b Hern, Alex (26 September 2019). "TikTok's local moderation guidelines ban pro-LGBT content". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 26 September 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  97. ^ Christopher, Nilesh (31 January 2020). "Censorship claims emerge as TikTok gets political in India". BBC News. Retrieved 1 February 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  98. ^ Brown, Jennings. "Indian Lawmakers Call for TikTok Ban Due to 'Cultural Degeneration'". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  99. ^ Harwell, Drew; Romm, Tony (5 November 2019). "Inside TikTok: A culture clash where U.S. views about censorship often were overridden by the Chinese bosses". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  100. ^ Li, Jane (16 October 2019). "TikTok wants to prove it's not a new front in China's information war". Quartz. Archived from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  101. ^ Lee, Cyrus (16 October 2019). "TikTok hires legal experts for content moderation amid censorship concerns". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  102. ^ Brody, Ben; Wilson, Megan (12 November 2019). "TikTok Revamps Lobbying as Washington Targets Chinese Ownership". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  103. ^ Feuer, William (21 October 2019). "TikTok removes two dozen accounts used for ISIS propaganda". CNBC. Archived from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  104. ^ Wells, Georgia (23 October 2019). "Islamic State's TikTok Posts Include Beheading Videos". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  105. ^ Lee, David; Tannahill, Jordan (28 November 2019). "TikTok apologises and reinstates banned teen". BBC. Archived from the original on 28 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  106. ^ "TikTok Denies Censoring A Teen Who Criticized China's Concentration Camps — They Said They Banned Her After A Joke About Osama Bin Laden Thirst". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on 27 November 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  107. ^ "Indonesia overturns ban on Tik Tok after video streaming service agrees to increase security controls". South China Morning Post. Reuters. 11 July 2018. Archived from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  108. ^ "Tencent and Toutiao come out swinging at each other". Archived from the original on 11 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  109. ^ "Tencent sues Toutiao for alleged defamation, demands 1 yuan and apology". TODAYonline. Archived from the original on 11 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  110. ^ Jiang, Sijia (1 June 2018). "Tencent sues Toutiao for alleged defamation, demands 1 yuan and apology". Reuters (U.S.). Archived from the original on 11 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  111. ^ "Tencent and Toutiao sue each other in escalating legal battle". Archived from the original on 11 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  112. ^ Lieber, Chavie (28 February 2019). "TikTok is the latest social media platform accused of abusing children's privacy — now it's paying up". Vox. Archived from the original on 31 August 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  113. ^ "TikTok stops young users from uploading videos after FTC settlement". Archived from the original on 28 February 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  114. ^ "'It Encourages Pornography': Madras High Court Asks Government to Ban Video App TikTok". News18. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
  115. ^ "Apple, Google Block TikTok in India After Court Order". NDTV Gadgets 360. 17 April 2019. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  116. ^ Chandrashekhar, Anandi (17 April 2019). "TikTok no longer available on Google and Apple stores". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  117. ^ "TikTok ban lifted in India but it has lost at least 2 million users". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
  118. ^ "TikTok Ban in India Lifted by Madras High Court". Beebom. Archived from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
  119. ^ "India's TikTok Ban Might Have Cost the App 15 Million New Users". Beebom. 3 May 2019. Archived from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  120. ^ "TikTok sent user data to China, US lawsuit claims". BBC News. 3 December 2019. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  121. ^ Montgomery, Blake (2 December 2019). "California Class-Action Lawsuit Accuses TikTok of Illegally Harvesting Data and Sending It to China". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  122. ^ Chen, Angela (5 December 2019). "TikTok's second lawsuit in a week brings a US ban a shade closer". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 5 December 2019.

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TikTok&oldid=939142127"