Besleney: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Besleneys villages in 1830-1850 years.png|thumb|right|350px|Besleney villages of [[Circassia]] around 1830–1850; "1" denotes nine villages resettled from the mountains by General {{Interlanguage link|Gregory von Saß|es|Grigori Zas|ru|Засс, Григорий Христофорович|hu|Grigorij Hrisztoforovics Zassz}}; "2" denotes villages whose names are unknown; The area of village concentration in the upper reaches of the [[Laba River]] tributaries is now part of [[Krasnodar Krai]] between [[Adygea]] to the north and [[Karachay-Cherkessia]] to the south]] |
[[File:Besleneys villages in 1830-1850 years.png|thumb|right|350px|Besleney villages of [[Circassia]] around 1830–1850; "1" denotes nine villages resettled from the mountains by General {{Interlanguage link|Gregory von Saß|es|Grigori Zas|ru|Засс, Григорий Христофорович|hu|Grigorij Hrisztoforovics Zassz}}; "2" denotes villages whose names are unknown; The area of village concentration in the upper reaches of the [[Laba River]] tributaries is now part of [[Krasnodar Krai]] between [[Adygea]] to the north and [[Karachay-Cherkessia]] to the south]] |
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The '''Besleney''' ([[Circassian language|Circassian]]: Бэслъыный ''Besłynyj'' {{IPA-all|basɬənəj}}; {{lang-ru|Бесленеевцы}} {{lang|ru|Besleneevcy}}), also known as '''Beslenei''' or '''Baslaney''', are one of the twelve tribes (sub-ethnic groups) of |
The '''Besleney''' ([[Circassian language|Circassian]]: Бэслъыный ''Besłynyj'' {{IPA-all|basɬənəj}}; {{lang-ru|Бесленеевцы}} {{lang|ru|Besleneevcy}}), also known as '''Beslenei''' or '''Baslaney''', are one of the twelve tribes (sub-ethnic groups) of the [[Circassians|Circassian]] (Adyghe) people.{{cn|date=August 2019}} It was named after Kabardian Prince Beslan who established his own tribe of the same name. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Revision as of 22:36, 3 February 2020
The Besleney (Circassian: Бэслъыный Besłynyj IPA: [basɬənəj]; Russian: Бесленеевцы Besleneevcy), also known as Beslenei or Baslaney, are one of the twelve tribes (sub-ethnic groups) of the Circassian (Adyghe) people.[citation needed] It was named after Kabardian Prince Beslan who established his own tribe of the same name.
History
The majority of the Besleney live in the valley of Bolshaya and Malaya Laba Rivers and on the bank of Urup in the Russian Republics of Karachay-Cherkessia, Krasnodar Krai and Adygea.[1] They also extend to the valleys of Chetem, Fars, Psefir, Kuban (Western Circassia). By character and culture besides the language, the Besleney are closest to Kabardians.[2] The noble families of the Besleney were: Kanoko and Shaloho, ancestors of Beslan, the son of legendary Prince Inal.[citation needed]
Language
The Besleney people speak the Besleney sub-dialect (Template:Lang-ady) of Kabardian Adyghe dialect (East Circassian). However, because the Besleney tribe lived at the center of Circassia, the Besleney dialect also shares a large number of features with dialects of West Adyghe dialect. Like the Adyghe Shapsug sub-dialect, there exist a palatalized voiced velar plosive [ɡʲ], a palatalized voiceless velar plosive [kʲ] and a palatalized velar ejective [kʲʼ], which were merged to [d͡ʒ], [t͡ʃ] and [t͡ʃʼ] in other Circassian dialects.[3] The Besleney dialect also have an alveolar lateral ejective affricate [t͡ɬʼ], which corresponds to an alveolar lateral ejective fricative [ɬʼ] in most other varieties of Circassian.[4] The Besleney dialect have a voiceless glottal fricative [h] that corresponds to [x] in other Circassian dialects.[5]
| Meaning | Besleney sub-dialect | Standard Kabardian | Standard Adyghe | Shapsug sub-dialect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | |
| horse | чъы | t͡ʂə | шы | ʃə | шы | ʃə | шы | ʃə |
| sister | чъыпхъу | t͡ʂəpχʷ | шыпхъу | ʃəpχʷ | шыпхъу | ʃəpχʷ | шыпхъу | ʃəpχʷ |
| wedding | нысачъэ | nəsaːt͡ʂa | нысашэ | nəsaːʃa | нысашэ | nəsaːʃa | нысашэ | nəsaːʃa |
| day | махуэ | maːxʷa | махуэ | maːxʷa | мафэ | maːfa | мафэ | maːfa |
| black | фӏыцӏэ | fʼət͡sʼa | фӏыцӏэ | fʼət͡sʼa | шӏуцӏэ | ʃʷʼət͡sʼa | шӏусӏэ | ʃʷʼəsʼa |
| shirt / dress | гьанэ | ɡʲaːna | джанэ | d͡ʒaːna | джанэ | d͡ʒaːna | гьанэ | ɡʲaːna |
| tree | джыг | d͡ʒəɣ | жыг | ʒəɣ | чъыгы | t͡ʂəɡə | чъыгы | t͡ʃəɣə |
| four | птлӏы | pt͡ɬʼəː | плӏы | pɬʼəː | плӏы | pɬʼəː | плӏы | pɬʼəː |
| man | тлӏы | t͡ɬʼəː | лӏы | ɬʼəː | лӏы | ɬʼəː | лӏы | ɬʼəː |
| chicken | гьэд | gad | джэд | d͡ʒad | чэты | t͡ʃatə | кьэт | kʲat |
| tail / seed | кӏьэ | kʲʼa | кӏэ | t͡ʃʼa | кӏэ | t͡ʃʼa | кӏьэ | kʲʼa |
| young man, boy | кӏалэ | t͡ʃʼaːla | щӏалэ | ɕʼaːɮa | кӏалэ | t͡ʃʼaːɮa | кӏалэ | t͡ʃʼaːla |
| new | кӏэ | t͡ʃʼa | щӏэ | ɕʼa | кӏэ | t͡ʃʼa | кӏэ | t͡ʃʼa |
See also
- East Adyghe dialect
- West Adyghe dialect
- Other Circassian tribes:
- Abzakh
- Bzhedug
- Hatuqwai
- Kabardian
- Mamkhegh
- Natukhai
- Rescue of Leningrad Jewish children in Beslenei
- Shapsug
- Temirgoy
- Ubykh
- Yegeruqwai
- Zhaney
References
- ^ James Stuart Olson, et al., eds. "Adyghe".An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. Greenwood Publishing, 1994. p. 15. ISBN 9780313274978 "The Beslenei (Beslenej) are located between the upper Urup and Khozdya rivers, and along the Middle Laba River, in the western reaches of the North Caucasus."
- ^ John Colarusso. A Grammar of the Kabardian Language University of Calgary Press, 1992. p. 12. ISBN 9780919813991 "This highly divergent dialect..."
- ^ Консонантная система уляпского говора в сопоставлении с аналогами других диалектов адыгских языков (in Russian)
- ^ UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive - Recording Details for Kabardian Baslanei dialect. In the first word list called kbd_word-list_1970_01.html the words "man" and "quarter" are pronounced as /t͡ɬʼə/ and /pt͡ɬʼaːna/ compare to Standard Kabardian /ɬʼə/ and /pɬʼaːna/
- ^ Консонантная система уляпского говора в сопоставлении с аналогами других диалектов адыгских языков (in Russian)