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In December 1861, Browne was appointed [[Governor of Tasmania]]. At the time, the colony was struggling economically and people were leaving for better employment prospects on the Australian mainland. To counter this, Browne implemented measures to encourage immigration. He also worked towards improving public education and training in the trades. A popular governor for most of his term, he lost goodwill when he displayed favouritism when filling a public service position. In December 1868, he returned to England.<ref name=adb/>
In December 1861, Browne was appointed [[Governor of Tasmania]]. At the time, the colony was struggling economically and people were leaving for better employment prospects on the Australian mainland. To counter this, Browne implemented measures to encourage immigration. He also worked towards improving public education and training in the trades. A popular governor for most of his term, he lost goodwill when he displayed favouritism when filling a public service position. In December 1868, he returned to England.<ref name=adb/>


==Later life==
==Administrator of Bermuda==
After being appointed [[Order of St Michael and St George|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] in 1869, Browne, with the assistance of [[Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell|Edward Cardwell]], the [[Secretary of State for War]], was appointed Administrator of Bermuda. This was to help secure Browne a pension and he served in this capacity from May 1870 to April 1871.
From September 1870 to April 1871, he was Administrator of Bermuda.
He died in London on 17 April 1887.<ref name="dnb"/>
⚫
Brown died in London on 17 April 1887. He was survived by his wife, Harriet {{nee|Campbell}}. The couple had several children; the eldest son, [[Harold Gore Browne|Harold Browne]], also served in the British Army and fought in the [[Second Boer War|Boer War]] of 1899-1900, and took part in the [[defence of Ladysmith]].<ref name="dnb"/> His daughter [[Ethel Locke King|Ethel]] married [[Hugh F. Locke King|Hugh Locke King]], they built the [[Brooklands]] motor racing circuit on estate they farmed. His youngest son, [[Wilfrid Gore Browne|Wilfrid]] was the first [[Bishop of Kimberley and Kuruman]] in South Africa.

==Family==
He married Harriet, daughter of James Campbell of Craigie, Ayrshire, who survived him.
⚫
They had several children. The eldest son, [[Harold Gore Browne|Harold]], commanded the first battalion king's royal rifle corps in the [[Boer war]] of 1899-1900, and took part in the [[defence of Ladysmith]].<ref name="dnb"/> His daughter [[Ethel Locke King|Ethel]] married [[Hugh F. Locke King|Hugh Locke King]], they built the [[Brooklands]] motor racing circuit on estate they farmed. His youngest son, [[Wilfrid Gore Browne|Wilfrid]] was the first [[Bishop of Kimberley and Kuruman]] in South Africa.

==See also==
* [[First Taranaki War]]
* [[New Zealand wars]]
* [[Waitara, New Zealand]]
* [[History of New Plymouth]]


==Notes==
==Notes==

Revision as of 10:58, 2 July 2018

For other people named Thomas Browne, see Thomas Browne (disambiguation).

Colonel
Sir Thomas Robert Gore Browne
KCMG, CB
Governor of Saint Helena
In office
18 July 1851 – 15 December 1854
MonarchVictoria
Preceded byPatrick Ross
Succeeded byEdward Hay Drummond Hay
4th Governor of New Zealand
In office
6 September 1855 – 3 October 1861
MonarchVictoria
PremierHenry Sewell
William Fox
Edward Stafford
Preceded bySir George Grey
Succeeded bySir George Grey
2nd Governor of Tasmania
In office
11 December 1861 – 30 December 1868
Preceded bySir Henry Young
Succeeded byCharles Du Cane
Personal details
Born(1807-07-03)3 July 1807
Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, UK
Died17 April 1887(1887-04-17) (aged 79)
London, England, UK

Colonel Sir Thomas Robert Gore Browne, KCMG CB (3 July 1807 – 17 April 1887) was a British colonial administrator, who was Governor of St Helena, Governor of New Zealand, Governor of Tasmania and Governor of Bermuda.

Early life

Browne was born on 3 July 1807 in Aylesbury, in the county of Buckinghamshire, England, a son of Robert Browne and Sarah Dorothea née Steward. Of Irish extraction, the family had a military or church tradition; his father was a colonel in the Buckinghamshire Militia[1] while his younger brother, Harold Browne, later became Bishop of Winchester.[2]

Military career

In 1824, Browne kept up his family's military tradition and joined the British Army as an ensign in the 44th Regiment of Foot. After four years, he transferred into the 28th Regiment of Foot. In 1832, and now a captain, he was appointed aide-de-camp to Baron Nugent, the High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands. He served in this role for three years, which included a spell as colonial secretary.[3]

Now a major, Browne was posted to the 41st Regiment of Foot. In 1842, the regiment was dispatched to Afghanistan and fought in the First Anglo-Afghan War. He led the regiment for a time and commanded the rearguard as the British Army retreated from Khyber Pass into India. After his return from the campaign in Afghanistan, Browne was promoted lieutenant-colonel. He was also appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath.[3] In 1849, he exchanged into the 21st Regiment of Foot.[2]

Browne retired from the British Army on half-pay in 1851 and shortly took up an appointment as Governor of St Helena.[3] He served in this capacity from July 1851 to December 1854.[4]

Governor of New Zealand

In September 1855, he was appointed Governor of New Zealand, replacing temporary Administrator Robert Wynyard. His handling of Māori land issues were a contributing factor in the outbreak of the First Taranaki War: despite divisions among Waitara Maori over the ownership of land, Browne persisted with the purchase of the disputed Pekapeka block, further inflaming tensions between Maori and English settlers.[5]

On 5 March 1860, Browne ordered the military occupation of the land, leading to the outbreak of war twelve days later. The following year, he negotiated a truce to end the fighting in the region. His governorship term ended in May 1861; rather than extend it, the Colonial Office in London replaced him with Sir George Grey.

The town of Gore, New Zealand was named after him.[6]

Governor of Tasmania

In December 1861, Browne was appointed Governor of Tasmania. At the time, the colony was struggling economically and people were leaving for better employment prospects on the Australian mainland. To counter this, Browne implemented measures to encourage immigration. He also worked towards improving public education and training in the trades. A popular governor for most of his term, he lost goodwill when he displayed favouritism when filling a public service position. In December 1868, he returned to England.[2]

Later life

After being appointed Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1869, Browne, with the assistance of Edward Cardwell, the Secretary of State for War, was appointed Administrator of Bermuda. This was to help secure Browne a pension and he served in this capacity from May 1870 to April 1871.

Brown died in London on 17 April 1887. He was survived by his wife, Harriet née Campbell. The couple had several children; the eldest son, Harold Browne, also served in the British Army and fought in the Boer War of 1899-1900, and took part in the defence of Ladysmith.[5] His daughter Ethel married Hugh Locke King, they built the Brooklands motor racing circuit on estate they farmed. His youngest son, Wilfrid was the first Bishop of Kimberley and Kuruman in South Africa.

Notes

  1. ^ Dalton, B. J. "Browne, Thomas Robert Gore". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  2. ^ a b c Amos, Helen M. (1969). "Browne, Sir Thomas Gore (1807–1887)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 3 May 2008.
  3. ^ a b c Sinclair, Keith (1966). "Browne, Sir Thomas Gore". An Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  4. ^ Turner, John. "The Governor of St Helena". Saint Helena Island Info. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  5. ^ a b Lloyd, Ernest Marsh (1901). "Browne, Thomas Gore" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography (1st supplement). London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 305–306.
  6. ^ "District Information". Gore District, New Zealand. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
Government offices
Preceded by Governor of Saint Helena
1851–1855 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of New Zealand
1855–1861 		Succeeded by
Sir George Grey
Preceded by Governor of Tasmania
1862–1868 		Succeeded by
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