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==Early life==
==Early life==
Fairfield was born in [[Parkersburg, West Virginia|Parkersburg]], [[Virginia]], now [[West Virginia]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Onofrio|first1=Jan|title=West Virginia Biographical Dictionary|date=1999|publisher=North American Book Dist LLC|page=72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VkkKcEPkp98C&pg=PA71 |accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> He moved with his family to [[Troy, Ohio]] when he was a young boy. He received an early education at [[Denison University]] of [[Granville, Ohio|Granville]] and in 1837 he attended [[Marietta College]] of [[Marietta, Ohio|Marietta]]. He graduated from the [[congregationalist]]-affiliated<ref>{{cite web|title=First Church in Oberlin|url=http://www.oberlin.edu/175/didyouknow-first-church.html|website=http://www.oberlin.edu 175th anniversary page|accessdate=19 April 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421081350/http://www.oberlin.edu/175/didyouknow-first-church.html|archivedate=21 April 2016|df=}}</ref> [[Oberlin College]] of [[Oberlin, Ohio|Oberlin]] in 1842.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morton|first1=Julius Sterling|title=Illustrated History of Nebraska: A History of Nebraska from the Earliest Explorations of the Trans-Mississippi Region, Volume 2|date=1913|publisher=J. North|page=701|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-WJKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA701 |accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> He then worked as a tutor at the college teaching Latin and Greek.
Fairfield was born in [[Parkersburg, West Virginia|Parkersburg]], [[Virginia]], now [[West Virginia]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Onofrio|first1=Jan|title=West Virginia Biographical Dictionary|date=1999|publisher=North American Book Dist LLC|page=72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VkkKcEPkp98C&pg=PA71 |accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> He moved with his family to [[Troy, Ohio]] when he was a young boy. He received an early education at [[Denison University]] of [[Granville, Ohio|Granville]] and in 1837 he attended [[Marietta College]] of [[Marietta, Ohio|Marietta]]. He graduated from the [[congregationalist]]-affiliated<ref>{{cite web|title=First Church in Oberlin|url=http://www.oberlin.edu/175/didyouknow-first-church.html|website=oberlin.edu |accessdate=19 April 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421081350/http://www.oberlin.edu/175/didyouknow-first-church.html|archivedate=21 April 2016|df=}}</ref> [[Oberlin College]] of [[Oberlin, Ohio|Oberlin]] in 1842.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morton|first1=Julius Sterling|title=Illustrated History of Nebraska: A History of Nebraska from the Earliest Explorations of the Trans-Mississippi Region, Volume 2|date=1913|publisher=J. North|page=701|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-WJKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA701 |accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> He then worked as a tutor at the college teaching Latin and Greek.


He spent two years as a Christian minister in [[New Hampshire]], and two in Boston as pastor of the Ruggles Street Baptist Church. Then, in 1848, he became President of the [[Michigan Central College]], renamed [[Hillsdale College]] in 1853, and remained in this office until his resignation in 1869.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://quod.lib.umich.edu/b/bhlead/umich-bhl-741?rgn=main;view=text|title=
He spent two years as a Christian minister in [[New Hampshire]], and two in Boston as pastor of the Ruggles Street Baptist Church. Then, in 1848, he became President of the [[Michigan Central College]], renamed [[Hillsdale College]] in 1853, and remained in this office until his resignation in 1869.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://quod.lib.umich.edu/b/bhlead/umich-bhl-741?rgn=main;view=text|title=
Line 46: Line 46:
In 1886, he was the Moderator of the Congregationalists' "General Association of Michigan" meeting held in Flint<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bramhall|first1=Frank J.|title=Facts and Figures about Michigan (1887 Yearbook)|date=1887|publisher=Poole Bros Printers / General Passenger Department, Michigan Central Railroad|location=Chicago|page=22|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6DhAAAAMAAJ&pg=PT27 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Congregational Churches of Michigan: For the First Fifty Years of Their Organization Into a State Association ; Addresses Delivered, Papers Read and Reports Made at the Jubilee Meeting Held at Jackson, May 19-22, 1892|date=1892|publisher=Michigan Congregational Association|page=5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uRDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA5 |accessdate=3 May 2016|quote="1886 -- Flint -- Rev. E.B. Fairfield"}}</ref>
In 1886, he was the Moderator of the Congregationalists' "General Association of Michigan" meeting held in Flint<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bramhall|first1=Frank J.|title=Facts and Figures about Michigan (1887 Yearbook)|date=1887|publisher=Poole Bros Printers / General Passenger Department, Michigan Central Railroad|location=Chicago|page=22|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6DhAAAAMAAJ&pg=PT27 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Congregational Churches of Michigan: For the First Fifty Years of Their Organization Into a State Association ; Addresses Delivered, Papers Read and Reports Made at the Jubilee Meeting Held at Jackson, May 19-22, 1892|date=1892|publisher=Michigan Congregational Association|page=5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uRDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA5 |accessdate=3 May 2016|quote="1886 -- Flint -- Rev. E.B. Fairfield"}}</ref>


In July 1889, President [[Benjamin Harrison]] nominated Fairfield to be the [[consul of the United States]] at [[Lyons]] in place of [[Lawson V. Moore]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the USA Vol 27 (March 5, 1889 to March 3, 1981, inclusive|date=1901|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, DC|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubzy660-TXoC&pg=PA89 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref> His son [[George D. Fairfield]] was vice-consul in Lyons at the same time.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Round Table, Volume 53|date=28 September 1906|publisher=Beloit College|location=Beloit, Wisconsin|page=1|edition=Vol 53, No. 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4kU2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1 |accessdate=19 April 2016|quote="Mr. Fairfield graduated from Oberlin in 1888 and entered the consular service of the United States... and for nearly five years was vice consul at Lyons"}}</ref>
In July 1889, President [[Benjamin Harrison]] nominated Fairfield to be the [[consul of the United States]] at [[Lyons]] in place of [[Lawson V. Moore]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the USA Vol 27 (March 5, 1889 to March 3, 1981), inclusive|date=1901|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, DC|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubzy660-TXoC&pg=PA89 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref> His son [[George D. Fairfield]] was vice-consul in Lyons at the same time.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Round Table, Volume 53|date=28 September 1906|publisher=Beloit College|location=Beloit, Wisconsin|page=1|edition=Vol 53, No. 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4kU2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1 |accessdate=19 April 2016|quote="Mr. Fairfield graduated from Oberlin in 1888 and entered the consular service of the United States... and for nearly five years was vice consul at Lyons"}}</ref>


He returned from France in 1893 and lived in Grand Rapids, where he lived an intellectual life of writing and speaking until 1896. In 1896, he became a pastor again at his former church in Mansfield Ohio and then in 1900 he retired to Oberlin, where he died in November 1904.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morton|first1=Julius Sterling|last2=Watkins|first2=Albert|last3=Miller|first3=George L.|title=Illustrated History of Nebraska Vol III|date=1913|publisher=Western Publishing and Engraving Company|location=Lincoln, NE|page=701|edition=First|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-WJKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA701 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Chase|first1=Clement|title=Semi-centennial Anniversary Book: The University of Nebraska, 1869-1919|date=1919|publisher=University of Nebraska (Lincoln campus)|page=121|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w19MAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA121 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref>
He returned from France in 1893 and lived in Grand Rapids, where he lived an intellectual life of writing and speaking until 1896. In 1896, he became a pastor again at his former church in Mansfield Ohio and then in 1900 he retired to Oberlin, where he died in November 1904.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morton|first1=Julius Sterling|last2=Watkins|first2=Albert|last3=Miller|first3=George L.|title=Illustrated History of Nebraska Vol III|date=1913|publisher=Western Publishing and Engraving Company|location=Lincoln, NE|page=701|edition=First|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-WJKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA701 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Chase|first1=Clement|title=Semi-centennial Anniversary Book: The University of Nebraska, 1869-1919|date=1919|publisher=University of Nebraska (Lincoln campus)|page=121|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w19MAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA121 |accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref>

Revision as of 11:04, 29 April 2018

Edmund Burke Fairfield
12th Lieutenant Governor of Michigan
In office
1859–1861
GovernorMoses Wisner
Preceded byGeorge Coe
Succeeded byJoseph R. Williams
Member of the Michigan Senate
In office
1857–1859
Personal details
Born(1821-08-07)August 7, 1821
Parkersburg, West Virginia
DiedNovember 7, 1904(1904-11-07) (aged 83)
Oberlin, Ohio
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)Lucia Ann Jennison Fairfield
Mary A. Baldwin Fairfield
Mary Allen Tibbitts Fairfield
Parent(s)Micajah Fairfield
Hannah (Wynn) Fairfield.
Alma materDenison University
Marietta College
Oberlin College
Colgate University
Indiana University.
ProfessionMinister
Educator
Politician

Edmund Burke Fairfield (August 7, 1821 – November 7, 1904) was an American minister, educator and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. He served as the 12th Lieutenant Governor of Michigan and as the 2nd[1] Chancellor of the University of Nebraska.

Early life

Fairfield was born in Parkersburg, Virginia, now West Virginia.[2] He moved with his family to Troy, Ohio when he was a young boy. He received an early education at Denison University of Granville and in 1837 he attended Marietta College of Marietta. He graduated from the congregationalist-affiliated[3] Oberlin College of Oberlin in 1842.[4] He then worked as a tutor at the college teaching Latin and Greek.

He spent two years as a Christian minister in New Hampshire, and two in Boston as pastor of the Ruggles Street Baptist Church. Then, in 1848, he became President of the Michigan Central College, renamed Hillsdale College in 1853, and remained in this office until his resignation in 1869.[5] In 1857, Fairfield received LL.D. degree from Madison University (now Colgate University) in New York.

Politics and further academics

Fairfield served as a Republican in the Michigan Senate (14th district) from 1857-1859.[6] He was elected to serve as the 12th Lieutenant Governor of Michigan from 1859 to 1861,[7] and made a widely published speech on the "Prohibition of Slavery in the Territories".[8]

In 1863, Fairfield received a D.D. degree from the Indiana University.[9] The following year he received an S.T.D. degree from Denison University of Ohio.[10]

In the early 1870s, Dr. Fairfield was involved in public dispute based on a review he published in Mansfield, Ohio regarding the Henry Ward Beecher adultery scandal. The scandal broke in 1873, and in 1874, Fairfield published "Wickedness in High Places: A Review of the Beecher Case" [11] Robert Raikes Raymond, brother of Vassar professor John Howard Raymond, published a scathing review to this pamphlet entitled: "The Case of the Rev. E.B. Fairfield, D.D., LL.D.: Being an Examination of his 'Review of the case of Henry Ward Beecher" together with his 'Reply' and a Rejoinder"[12]

He received a number of honors in the academic world before being elected Chancellor of the University of Nebraska in 1876. The Board of Regents dismissed him in 1882, after a disagreement over religion and its place in education.[13]

Fairfield became the pastor of the Manistee congregational church from September 1882[14] to April 1889.[15]

In 1886, he was the Moderator of the Congregationalists' "General Association of Michigan" meeting held in Flint[16][17]

In July 1889, President Benjamin Harrison nominated Fairfield to be the consul of the United States at Lyons in place of Lawson V. Moore.[18] His son George D. Fairfield was vice-consul in Lyons at the same time.[19]

He returned from France in 1893 and lived in Grand Rapids, where he lived an intellectual life of writing and speaking until 1896. In 1896, he became a pastor again at his former church in Mansfield Ohio and then in 1900 he retired to Oberlin, where he died in November 1904.[20][21]

Retirement and death

In the theological field, Fairfield, having been a Baptist early in his career and Congregationalist pastor later in life, became convinced that the doctrines of Baptists were without sufficient foundation for him to remain a minister in any Baptist denomination. He delineated his views in his Letters on Baptism (1893).[22] He died on November 7, 1904 in Oberlin, Ohio at the age of eighty-three in Oberlin, eleven years after its publication.[23]

Family life

fairfield was the son of Micajah Fairfield and Hannah (Wynn) Fairfield.[24] He was married three times. He married his first wife, Lucia Ann Jennison, daughter of Dr. Charles Jennison and Betsy Mahan, on August 27, 1845. They had three children together. He married his second wife Mary A. Baldwin on August 22, 1859 and had seven children together. He married his third wife Mary Allen Tibbitts on June 16, 1883; they had no children together.[25]

Fairfield was descended from a Frenchman by the name of Beauchamp, at some point the name was anglicised to Fairfield.[26]

References

  1. ^ McKee, Jim (Sep 5, 2010). "Jim McKee: Chancellor Fairfield faced growing pains, questions on religion". Lincoln Journal Star. Retrieved 19 April 2016. the university's first chancellor, Allen R. Benton, submitted his resignation, giving the regents a chance to choose the university's second chancellor... The regents' choice for the new chancellor was Edmund Fairfield
  2. ^ Onofrio, Jan (1999). West Virginia Biographical Dictionary. North American Book Dist LLC. p. 72. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  3. ^ "First Church in Oberlin". oberlin.edu. Archived from the original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ Morton, Julius Sterling (1913). Illustrated History of Nebraska: A History of Nebraska from the Earliest Explorations of the Trans-Mississippi Region, Volume 2. J. North. p. 701. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  5. ^ "Finding aid for Edmund B. Fairfield pamphlets and sermons, 1958-1899". Michigan Historical Collections Bentley Historical Library University of Michigan . Retrieved June 6, 2014.
  6. ^ "Finding aid for Edmund B. Fairfield pamphlets and sermons, 1958-1899". Michigan Historical Collections Bentley Historical Library University of Michigan . Retrieved June 6, 2014.
  7. ^ Western Publishing and Engraving Co (1890). Cyclopedia of Michigan: historical and biographical, comprising a synopsis of general history of the state, and biographical sketches of men who have, in their various spheres, contributed toward its development. Western Publishing and Engraving Co. p. 62. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  8. ^ Fairfield, Edmund Burke (1857). Pamphlets and Sermons. p. 3. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  9. ^ Indiana University (1911). Register of the Graduates of Indiana University. Indiana University. p. 22. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  10. ^ Morton, Julius Sterling (1913). Illustrated History of Nebraska: A History of Nebraska from the Earliest Explorations of the Trans-Mississippi Region, Volume 2. J. North. p. 701. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  11. ^ Fairfield, E.B. (1874). Wickedness in High Places. Mansfield, OH: L.D. Myrers & Brother, Book and Job Printers. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  12. ^ Raymond, Robert Raikes (1874). The Case of the Rev. E.B. Fairfield, D.D., LL.D. New York. Retrieved 20 April 2016.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. ^ "Fairfield, Edmund Burke". The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
  14. ^ "Pastors of the First Congregational Church". Manistee First Congregational Church United Church of Christ / History. Archived from the original on 1 April 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2016. Edmund B. Fairfield - 1882 {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "MANISTEE CHURCH HISTORIES From Salt City of the Inland Seas Transcribed for the use of Manistee County MIGenWeb October - November, 1999". MIGenWeb / http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Published 1899 by the Manistee Daily News. Retrieved 19 April 2016. Rev. Edmund B. FAIRFIELD entered upon his pastorate September 1, 1882. He resigned April, 1889 having begun the work of erecting the new church. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  16. ^ Bramhall, Frank J. (1887). Facts and Figures about Michigan (1887 Yearbook). Chicago: Poole Bros Printers / General Passenger Department, Michigan Central Railroad. p. 22. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  17. ^ The Congregational Churches of Michigan: For the First Fifty Years of Their Organization Into a State Association ; Addresses Delivered, Papers Read and Reports Made at the Jubilee Meeting Held at Jackson, May 19-22, 1892. Michigan Congregational Association. 1892. p. 5. Retrieved 3 May 2016. 1886 -- Flint -- Rev. E.B. Fairfield
  18. ^ Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the USA Vol 27 (March 5, 1889 to March 3, 1981), inclusive. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. 1901. p. 89. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  19. ^ The Round Table, Volume 53 (Vol 53, No. 1 ed.). Beloit, Wisconsin: Beloit College. 28 September 1906. p. 1. Retrieved 19 April 2016. Mr. Fairfield graduated from Oberlin in 1888 and entered the consular service of the United States... and for nearly five years was vice consul at Lyons
  20. ^ Morton, Julius Sterling; Watkins, Albert; Miller, George L. (1913). Illustrated History of Nebraska Vol III (First ed.). Lincoln, NE: Western Publishing and Engraving Company. p. 701. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  21. ^ Chase, Clement (1919). Semi-centennial Anniversary Book: The University of Nebraska, 1869-1919. University of Nebraska (Lincoln campus). p. 121. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  22. ^ General Council of the Congregational and Christian Churches of the United States (1905). The Year Book of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States. United States. Executive Committee. p. 19. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  23. ^ Indiana University (1911). Register of the Graduates of Indiana University. Indiana University. p. 22. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  24. ^ Congregational Pub. Society (1905). The Congregational Year-book, Volume 27. Congregational Pub. Society. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  25. ^ General Council of the Congregational and Christian Churches of the United States (1905). The Year Book of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States. United States. Executive Committee. p. 19. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  26. ^ Menchen, H.L (2011). The American Language. Inktree. p. 1. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
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Political offices
Preceded by Lieutenant Governor of Michigan
1859–1861 		Succeeded by
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