Carnac Island: Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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| ⚫ | In 1803, [[France|French]] explorer [[Louis de Freycinet]], captain of the ''Casuarina'', named the island ''Île Pelée'' (''Bald Island''). It was also known as ''Île Lévilian'' and later ''Île Berthelot''. In 1827, [[James Stirling (Australian governor)|James Stirling]] changed its name to ''Pulo Carnac Island'' in honour of [[John Rivett-Carnac|John Rivett Carnac]], Second Lieutenant on his ship [[HMS Success (1825)|HMS ''Success'']]. "Pulo" is [[Malay language|Malay]] for "Island"; it is not known why Stirling included the term, and it was soon dropped. |
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Carnac Island is [[aeolianite]] [[limestone]] remnant of [[Pleistocene]] [[dune]]<nowiki/>s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rswa.org.au/publications/Journal/86(2)/v86(2)rippey_hobbs.pdf|title=The effect of fires and quokkas (Setonix brachyurus) on the vegetation of Rottnest Island|last=Rippey & Hobbs|first=ME, RJ|date=March 2002|website=Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 86:49-60 (2003)|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> It is called ''Ngooloormayup'' in the language of the [[Whadjuk]] [[Noongar]] people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.noongarculture.org.au/whadjuk/|title=About the Whadjuk Region|last=Beeliar and Yiragan|first=Dyarlgarro, Derbal|date=|website=South West Aboriginal Land and Sea Council, Kaartijin Noongar (Noongar Knowledge)|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In 1803, [[France|French]] explorer [[Louis de Freycinet]], captain of the ''Casuarina'', named the island ''Île Pelée'' (''Bald Island''). It was also known as ''Île Lévilian'' and later ''Île Berthelot''. In 1827, [[James Stirling (Australian governor)|James Stirling]] changed its name to ''Pulo Carnac Island'' in honour of [[John Rivett-Carnac|John Rivett Carnac]], Second Lieutenant on his ship [[HMS Success (1825)|HMS ''Success'']]. "Pulo" is [[Malay language|Malay]] for "Island"; it is not known why Stirling included the term, and it was soon dropped. |
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From October to November 1838, the island was declared by the [[Swan River Colony]] colonial government to be a prison for [[indigenous Australians]]. The prison consisted of two guards, an overseer with the surname Lyon, and three prisoners named [[Yagan]], Danmera, and Ningina. The solitary conditions resulted in the soldiers assisting the prisoners escape. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.woodmanpointquarantinestation.com/carnac-island.html|title=Carnac Island - a history|last=Seubert|first=Earle|date=|website=Woodman Point Quarantine Station - The Hidden Community|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> |
From October to November 1838, the island was declared by the [[Swan River Colony]] colonial government to be a prison for [[indigenous Australians]]. The prison consisted of two guards, an overseer with the surname Lyon, and three prisoners named [[Yagan]], Danmera, and Ningina. The solitary conditions resulted in the soldiers assisting the prisoners escape. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.woodmanpointquarantinestation.com/carnac-island.html|title=Carnac Island - a history|last=Seubert|first=Earle|date=|website=Woodman Point Quarantine Station - The Hidden Community|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> |
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==Fauna== |
==Fauna== |
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The island is home to [[Australian sea lion]]s, [[bottlenose dolphin]]s and a large range of marine bird life. It is particularly noted for the abundance of snakes, particularly [[tiger snake]]s, which live there. The island is densely populated with up to three tiger snakes in every 25 square metres.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/carnac-island-the-blind-snakes-the-showman-and-the-maccas-drive-thru-20131022-2vyj1.html|title=Carnac Island: The blind snakes, the showman and the 'Maccas drive thru'|last=Orr|first=Aleisha|date=October 23, 2013|website=WA Today|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> For this reason, very few people venture there. There is no permanent fresh water, providing a challenge for the animals that live there. The origins of the tiger snake colony has attracted significant debate and research into how that species has adapted to a harsh island habitat. |
The island is home to [[Australian sea lion]]s, [[bottlenose dolphin]]s and a large range of marine bird life. It is particularly noted for the abundance of snakes, particularly [[tiger snake]]s, which live there. The island is densely populated with up to three tiger snakes in every 25 square metres.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/carnac-island-the-blind-snakes-the-showman-and-the-maccas-drive-thru-20131022-2vyj1.html|title=Carnac Island: The blind snakes, the showman and the 'Maccas drive thru'|last=Orr|first=Aleisha|date=October 23, 2013|website=WA Today|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> For this reason, very few people venture there. There is no permanent fresh water, providing a challenge for the animals that live there. The origins of the tiger snake colony has attracted significant debate (one theory is that in 1929, a man named Lindsay "Rocky" Vane dumped his tiger snake collection on the island, after snake exhibitions were banned in Western Australia) and research into how that species has adapted to a harsh island habitat. |
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Carnac is classified as an [[Important Bird Area]] because it supports a large [[seabird colony|colony]] of the [[vulnerable species|vulnerable]] [[fairy tern]], as well as small numbers of other nesting seabirds.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |title=IBA: Carnac Island |accessdate=2011-06-13 |work=Birdata |first= |last= |publisher=Birds Australia |date= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706102341/http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |archivedate=6 July 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref> |
Carnac is classified as an [[Important Bird Area]] because it supports a large [[seabird colony|colony]] of the [[vulnerable species|vulnerable]] [[fairy tern]], as well as small numbers of other nesting seabirds.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |title=IBA: Carnac Island |accessdate=2011-06-13 |work=Birdata |first= |last= |publisher=Birds Australia |date= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706102341/http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |archivedate=6 July 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 08:05, 21 July 2017
Carnac Island is a 19-hectare (47-acre), A Class, island nature reserve about 10 km (6.2 mi) south-west of Fremantle in Western Australia.
History
Carnac Island is aeolianite limestone remnant of Pleistocene dunes.[1] It is called Ngooloormayup in the language of the Whadjuk Noongar people.[2]
In 1803, French explorer Louis de Freycinet, captain of the Casuarina, named the island Île Pelée (Bald Island). It was also known as Île Lévilian and later Île Berthelot. In 1827, James Stirling changed its name to Pulo Carnac Island in honour of John Rivett Carnac, Second Lieutenant on his ship HMS Success. "Pulo" is Malay for "Island"; it is not known why Stirling included the term, and it was soon dropped.
From October to November 1838, the island was declared by the Swan River Colony colonial government to be a prison for indigenous Australians. The prison consisted of two guards, an overseer with the surname Lyon, and three prisoners named Yagan, Danmera, and Ningina. The solitary conditions resulted in the soldiers assisting the prisoners escape. [3]
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Fauna
The island is home to Australian sea lions, bottlenose dolphins and a large range of marine bird life. It is particularly noted for the abundance of snakes, particularly tiger snakes, which live there. The island is densely populated with up to three tiger snakes in every 25 square metres.[4] For this reason, very few people venture there. There is no permanent fresh water, providing a challenge for the animals that live there. The origins of the tiger snake colony has attracted significant debate (one theory is that in 1929, a man named Lindsay "Rocky" Vane dumped his tiger snake collection on the island, after snake exhibitions were banned in Western Australia) and research into how that species has adapted to a harsh island habitat.
Carnac is classified as an Important Bird Area because it supports a large colony of the vulnerable fairy tern, as well as small numbers of other nesting seabirds.[5]
See also
References
- ^ Rippey & Hobbs, ME, RJ (March 2002). "The effect of fires and quokkas (Setonix brachyurus) on the vegetation of Rottnest Island" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 86:49-60 (2003). Retrieved 21 July 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Beeliar and Yiragan, Dyarlgarro, Derbal. "About the Whadjuk Region". South West Aboriginal Land and Sea Council, Kaartijin Noongar (Noongar Knowledge). Retrieved 21 July 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Seubert, Earle. "Carnac Island - a history". Woodman Point Quarantine Station - The Hidden Community. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ Orr, Aleisha (23 October 2013). "Carnac Island: The blind snakes, the showman and the 'Maccas drive thru'". WA Today. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ "IBA: Carnac Island". Birdata. Birds Australia. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-13.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)
- Carnac Island Nature Reserve : management plan [Perth, W.A.] : The Commission, 2003. Management plan (Western Australia. Dept. of Conservation and Land Management) ; no. 47