K–8 school: Difference between revisions
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[[File:CoralGablesElementarySchool.jpg|thumb|The "lower academy" (elementary school) of the [[Coral Gables Preparatory Academy]] in [[Coral Gables, Florida]]]] |
[[File:CoralGablesElementarySchool.jpg|thumb|The "lower academy" (elementary school) of the [[Coral Gables Preparatory Academy]] in [[Coral Gables, Florida]]]] |
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[[Image:RiceSchoolhouston.JPG|thumb|[[The Rice School]], [[Houston, Texas]]]] |
[[Image:RiceSchoolhouston.JPG|thumb|[[The Rice School]], [[Houston, Texas]]]] |
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'''K-8 schools''', '''elementary-middle schools''', or '''K-8 centers''' are [[school]]s in the United States that enroll students from [[kindergarten]]/[[Pre-kindergarten|pre-K]] (age 5-6) through [[Eighth grade|8th grade]] (up to age 14), combining the typical [[Primary school|elementary school]] (K-6) and junior high or [[middle school]] (7-8).<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24111947|title=Examining elementary school children's level of enjoyment of traditional tag games vs. interactive dance games|first1=Zan|last1=Gao|first2=Peng|last2=Zhang|first3=Leslie William|last3=Podlog|date=1 January 2014|publisher=|journal=Psychol Health Med|volume=19|issue=5|pages=605–613|via=PubMed|doi=10.1080/13548506.2013.845304|pmid=24111947}}</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=lqc_Ga282FwC&pg=PA51&dq=middle%20school%20typically%20span%20grade%207-8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiesNmgkKLPAhUq_4MKHTjFAH84ChDoAQhLMAk#v=onepage&q=middle%20school%20typically%20span%20grade%207-8&f=false</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=6tYl3HxseVoC&pg=PT31&dq=sixth%20grade%20traditionally%20part%20of%20elementary%20school&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiciM6yyvHOAhVE1R4KHf9eBYAQ6AEINTAD#v=onepage&q=sixth%20grade%20traditionally%20part%20of%20elementary%20school&f=false</ref> |
'''K-8 schools''', '''elementary-middle schools''', or '''K-8 centers''' are [[school]]s in the United States that enroll students from [[kindergarten]]/[[Pre-kindergarten|pre-K]] (age 5-6) through [[Eighth grade|8th grade]] (up to age 14), combining the typical [[Primary school|elementary school]] (K-6) and junior high or [[middle school]] (7-8).<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24111947|title=Examining elementary school children's level of enjoyment of traditional tag games vs. interactive dance games|first1=Zan|last1=Gao|first2=Peng|last2=Zhang|first3=Leslie William|last3=Podlog|date=1 January 2014|publisher=|journal=Psychol Health Med|volume=19|issue=5|pages=605–613|via=PubMed|doi=10.1080/13548506.2013.845304|pmid=24111947}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lqc_Ga282FwC&pg=PA51&dq=middle%20school%20typically%20span%20grade%207-8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiesNmgkKLPAhUq_4MKHTjFAH84ChDoAQhLMAk#v=onepage&q=middle%20school%20typically%20span%20grade%207-8&f=false|title=The Condition of Education 2013|first1=Susan|last1=Aud|first2=National Center for Education|last2=Statistics|first3=Institute of Education Sciences|last3=(U.S.)|first4=Thomas|last4=Nachazel|first5=Sidney|last5=Wilkinson-Flicker|first6=Allison|last6=Dziuba|date=18 November 2013|publisher=Government Printing Office|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6tYl3HxseVoC&pg=PT31&dq=sixth%20grade%20traditionally%20part%20of%20elementary%20school&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiciM6yyvHOAhVE1R4KHf9eBYAQ6AEINTAD#v=onepage&q=sixth%20grade%20traditionally%20part%20of%20elementary%20school&f=false|title=Research Review for School Leaders|first1=William G.|last1=Wraga|first2=Peter S.|last2=Hlebowitsh|first3=Founding Editor|last3=Tanner|first4=Daniel|last4=Tanner|date=6 August 2012|publisher=Routledge|via=Google Books}}</ref> |
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As of 2007, many American private schools have K-8 configurations.<ref name=RadcliffeK8>Radcliffe, Jennifer. "[http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/HISD-transitioning-some-campuses-to-K-8-1614517.php HISD transitioning some campuses to K-8]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. December 31, 2007. Retrieved on April 9, 2013.</ref> |
As of 2007, many American private schools have K-8 configurations.<ref name=RadcliffeK8>Radcliffe, Jennifer. "[http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/HISD-transitioning-some-campuses-to-K-8-1614517.php HISD transitioning some campuses to K-8]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. December 31, 2007. Retrieved on April 9, 2013.</ref> |
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Revision as of 05:06, 22 September 2016
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2012) |
K-8 schools, elementary-middle schools, or K-8 centers are schools in the United States that enroll students from kindergarten/pre-K (age 5-6) through 8th grade (up to age 14), combining the typical elementary school (K-6) and junior high or middle school (7-8).[1][2][3]
As of 2007, many American private schools have K-8 configurations.[4]
History
The "junior high school" concept was introduced in 1909. In the late 19th century and early 20th century most American elementary schools had grades 1 through 8. As time passed, until the 1940s, junior high schools increased quickly.[5] The installation of junior high schools was made in order to provide more academic and social opportunities for adolescent students prior to entering high school. By the 1960s many U.S. school districts separated the elementary and junior high school levels, with seventh through ninth grade students at junior high school. As years passed, the model changed to middle schools serving grades six through eight.[4]
By 2007, in some communities, schools in areas where academic performance at the middle school level was low were converting back to the K-8 model in an attempt to increase academic performance.[4] By 2008 many urban school systems converted middle schools to K-8 schools. Districts moving to K-8 schools included the Baltimore City Public School System, Cincinnati Public Schools, and the School District of Philadelphia.[6] Jennifer Radcliffe of the Houston Chronicle said that teachers said that the scenario that "students aren't tripped up during the disruptive year that they transition to middle school" was "[o]ne of the biggest perks" of the conversion to K-8 schools.[4] Radcliffe said that experts told her that "By staying on the same campus, kids can focus on academics, rather than being forced to re-establish themselves socially. Teachers are able to establish solid relationships with families. As a result, parents are more apt to stay involved with the campus through the middle school years".[4] Radcliffe added that "One drawback is that K-8s aren't able to offer the same number of electives or athletic programs as comprehensive middle schools."[4]
References
- Wiles, John (editor). Developing Successful K-8 Schools: A Principal's Guide. Corwin Press, June 10, 2009. ISBN 1412966175, 9781412966177.
Notes
- ^ Gao, Zan; Zhang, Peng; Podlog, Leslie William (1 January 2014). "Examining elementary school children's level of enjoyment of traditional tag games vs. interactive dance games". Psychol Health Med. 19 (5): 605–613. doi:10.1080/13548506.2013.845304. PMID 24111947 – via PubMed.
- ^ Aud, Susan; Statistics, National Center for Education; (U.S.), Institute of Education Sciences; Nachazel, Thomas; Wilkinson-Flicker, Sidney; Dziuba, Allison (18 November 2013). "The Condition of Education 2013". Government Printing Office – via Google Books.
- ^ Wraga, William G.; Hlebowitsh, Peter S.; Tanner, Founding Editor; Tanner, Daniel (6 August 2012). "Research Review for School Leaders". Routledge – via Google Books.
{{cite web}}:|first3=has generic name (help) - ^ a b c d e f Radcliffe, Jennifer. "HISD transitioning some campuses to K-8." Houston Chronicle. December 31, 2007. Retrieved on April 9, 2013.
- ^ Wiles, p. 3.
- ^ Bloom, Alex. "K-8 or middle school? Which is better?." The Arizona Republic. December 28, 2008. Retrieved on November 24, 2013.