Massacre: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Spanish Civil War - Mass grave - Estépar, Burgos.jpg|right|thumb|300px| |
[[Image:Spanish Civil War - Mass grave - Estépar, Burgos.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Twenty-six republicans were assassinated by fascists that belonged to [[Francisco Franco|Franco's]] Nationalists at the beginning of the [[Spanish Civil War]], between August and September of 1936. This mass grave is placed at the small town named as [[Estépar]], in Northern Spain. The excavation occured in July-August of 2014.]] |
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[[File:Eugène Delacroix - Le Massacre de Scio.jpg|thumb|210px|''The [[Chios Massacre]]'' refers to the slaughter of tens of thousands of Greeks on the island of Chios by [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] troops in 1822.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dadrian |first=Vahakn N. |title=Warrant for Genocide: Key Elements of Turko-Armenian Conflict |location=New Brunswick |publisher=Transaction Publishers |year=1999 |page=153 |isbn=1-56000-389-8 }}</ref>]][[File:Victims_Of_The_Mozote_Massacre,_Morazán,_El_Salvador,_January_1982.jpg|thumb|right|The [[El Mozote massacre]], El Salvador 1981]] |
[[File:Eugène Delacroix - Le Massacre de Scio.jpg|thumb|210px|''The [[Chios Massacre]]'' refers to the slaughter of tens of thousands of Greeks on the island of Chios by [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] troops in 1822.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dadrian |first=Vahakn N. |title=Warrant for Genocide: Key Elements of Turko-Armenian Conflict |location=New Brunswick |publisher=Transaction Publishers |year=1999 |page=153 |isbn=1-56000-389-8 }}</ref>]][[File:Victims_Of_The_Mozote_Massacre,_Morazán,_El_Salvador,_January_1982.jpg|thumb|right|The [[El Mozote massacre]], El Salvador 1981]] |
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A '''massacre''' is a specific incident which involves the violent killing of many people{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed. Imprecision in quantification (many).|date=July 2014}} – and the perpetrating party is perceived as in total control of force while the victimized party is perceived as helpless or innocent. No clear-cut criteria define when a mass killing is a massacre. Public perception during and after the event, and collective assessment of how the circumstances align with given ideas of acceptable use of force, and on how a culture or nation wants to hold an event in collective memory.<ref name=Levene>{{harvnb|Levene|Roberts|1999}}</ref> Massacres have often accompanied the [[Looting|sack]] of a captured city. For example, [[Julius Caesar]]'s soldiers massacred the population of [[Avaricum]] regardless of age and sex. |
A '''massacre''' is a specific incident which involves the violent killing of many people{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed. Imprecision in quantification (many).|date=July 2014}} – and the perpetrating party is perceived as in total control of force while the victimized party is perceived as helpless or innocent. No clear-cut criteria define when a mass killing is a massacre. Public perception during and after the event, and collective assessment of how the circumstances align with given ideas of acceptable use of force, and on how a culture or nation wants to hold an event in collective memory.<ref name=Levene>{{harvnb|Levene|Roberts|1999}}</ref> Massacres have often accompanied the [[Looting|sack]] of a captured city. For example, [[Julius Caesar]]'s soldiers massacred the population of [[Avaricum]] regardless of age and sex. |
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Revision as of 17:58, 27 October 2014
 | This article needs attention from an expert in history. The specific problem is: poorly written attempt at a dictionary definition. (September 2012) |
 | It has been suggested that this article be merged with List of events named massacres. (Discuss) Proposed since February 2013. |
A massacre is a specific incident which involves the violent killing of many people[citation needed] – and the perpetrating party is perceived as in total control of force while the victimized party is perceived as helpless or innocent. No clear-cut criteria define when a mass killing is a massacre. Public perception during and after the event, and collective assessment of how the circumstances align with given ideas of acceptable use of force, and on how a culture or nation wants to hold an event in collective memory.[2] Massacres have often accompanied the sack of a captured city. For example, Julius Caesar's soldiers massacred the population of Avaricum regardless of age and sex.
The first recorded use in English of the word massacre to label an event is Marlowe's (circa 1600), The massacre at Paris[3] (a reference to the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre). The word ultimately derives from Middle Low German *matskelen meaning to slaughter.
Massacre is also a verb that means to kill (people or, less commonly, animals) in numbers, especially brutally and indiscriminately. The first known use for this meaning was in 1588.[4]
The term is also used metaphorically for events that do not involve deaths, such as the Saturday Night Massacre—the dismissals and resignations of political appointees during Richard Nixon's Watergate scandal.
See also
Look up massacre in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
- List of events named massacres
- Mass murder
- Disaster
- Tragedy (event)
- Genocide
- Ethnic cleansing
- Killing spree
- War crime
- Tragedy
References
- ^ Dadrian, Vahakn N. (1999). Warrant for Genocide: Key Elements of Turko-Armenian Conflict. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. p. 153. ISBN 1-56000-389-8.
- ^ Levene & Roberts 1999
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary Massacre, n.
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary Massacre, v.
Further reading
- Kenz, David El. "GLOSSARY TERM: Massacre". Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: line feed character in|title=at position 15 (help) - Levene, Mark; Roberts, Penny, eds. (1999). The massacre in history (1. publ. ed.). Providence: Berghahn Book. ISBN 9781571819345.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)
