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Coordinates: 41°36′24″N 20°0′46″E / 41.60667°N 20.01278°E / 41.60667; 20.01278
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burgu i burrelit
updated and expanded this article, this is currently an active prison
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{{Infobox prison
{{Infobox prison
| prison_name = Prison of Burrel
| prison_name = Institucioni i Ekzekutimit të Vendimit Penal Burrel
| image =
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| location = [[Burrel]], <br> {{flag|Albania}}
| location = [[Burrel]], <br> {{flag|Albania}}
| coordinates = {{coord|41|36|24|N|20|0|46|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|41|36|24|N|20|0|46|E|display=inline,title}}
| status = Closed (Now a Museum)
| status = Active
| classification = Maximum
| classification = High Security
| capacity =
| capacity = 190
| population =
| population = 148
| populationdate =
| populationdate = April 2013
| opened = 1997 <small>(2nd time)</small>
| opened = 1938, 1997 <small>reopened</small>
| closed = 1991
| closed = 1992 - 1997
| former_name =
| former_name =
| managed_by = [[Communist Albania]]
| managed_by = [[Ministry of Justice (Albania)|Ministry of Justice]], [[Republic of Albania]]
| director =
| director = Mr. Demir Cupi
| governor =
| governor =
| warden =
| warden =
| prisoners =
| prisoners = [[Pjetër Arbnori]], [[Bashkim Shehu]], <br> [[Fatos Lubonja]], [[Dom Simon Jubani]]
}}
}}
Burrel Prison ({{sq|Burgu i Burrelit}}) is a high security prison located outside the town of [[Burrel]], in northeastern Albania at the District Police Station in [[Mat]] with a maximum capacity of 198 inmates. In 2011 the prison housed 182 inmates and employed 120 corrections officers. The one-story structure is divided into three areas covering 21,000 square meters. <ref>http://dazzlepod.com/cable/09TIRANA633/</ref>
⚫
The '''Prison of Burrel''' ({{sq|Burgu i Burrelit}}) was a political prison in [[Communist Albania]] at the city of [[Burrel]].<ref>[http://lajme.shqiperia.com/lajme/artikull/iden/198463/titulli/Burgu-i-Burrelit-nga-qelite-e-ferrit-ne-martesat-VIP The Burrel Prison] {{Albanian}}</ref>


Burrel Prison closed in 1992 after the [[Democratic Party of Albania]] deposed the [[Communist Party of Albania]]. The prison was reopened in 1997 and is one of Albania's 21 prisons active today, one of five that houses prisoners sentenced for life, and one of only two that houses prisoners convicted for organized crime.<ref>http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/</ref><ref>http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&gj=gj1&aid=361</ref> There has been a movement by some activists to close the prison and make it the site of a memorial to those tortured and killed there between 1944 and 1992.<ref>http://www.arct.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=293%3Aievp-burreli&catid=67%3Aprisons&Itemid=144&lang=en</ref>
==Background==

Togerther with the [[Spaç Prison]] the prison was site of one of the most terrible prisons of the communist regime, where both ordinary criminals and political prisoners such as [[Bashkim Shehu]] and [[Fatos Lubonja]] or the Catholic priests [[Dom Simon Jubani]] and [[Zef Pëllumbi]] were held. Another famous inmate was [[Pjetër Arbnori]], later to become a member of the free Albanian Parliament. Arbnori was known as "the Mandela of the Balkans" because of the length of his internment, which lasted for over 28 years. It was one of the [[Communist Albania concentration camps]]. The political prisoners used to be condemned for attempts at overthrowing the state or [[Anti-Albania agitation and propaganda|anti-communist propaganda and agitation]], for terms of at least 20 years. Often they were re-condemned while in prison. After the fall of the communist regime, the government of the [[Democratic Party of Albania]] closed the prison and made it a museum. However in 1997, [[Sali Berisha]] re-opened it as an active prison.
In May 2013, the Director of Burrel Prison, Çupi Demir, was suspended after an incident involving a prisoner, Zenelli, who was granted a 5-day leave to visit his wife in Kukes but did not returned to the prison. This was the third such incident in 2013. <ref>http://www.gazetaidea.com/tjeter-arratisje-nga-burgu-i-burrelit-shkb-ja-nis-hetim-pezullohet-drejtori/</ref>

== History ==
Plans for the prison were begun in 1937, during the reign of [[King Zog]], but the project was not finished until 1939 due to problems with funding its completion.<ref>http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/index.php?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&aid=176</ref>

The prison is well-known for having housed political prisoners before and during the regime of [[Enver Hoxha]], many of whom were imprisoned without due process, tortured, and forced to endure inhuman conditions.<ref>http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/index.php?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&aid=176</ref> Albania may have had more than 100 prisons during this time,<ref>http://top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=3553</ref> but Burrel Prison is one of the most notorious sites along with [[Qafë Bar Prison|Burgu i Qafë Barit]] and [[Spaç prison|Burgu i Spaçit]]. Political prisoners eventually included many people and the families of people who held prominent positions within the [[Socialist People's Republic of Albania]] party apparatus, who were subsequently accused of opposition crimes by the regime, as well as people imprisoned for practicing religion, which was illegal, and others thought to be associated with an opposition movement in any form. Those charged with opposition crimes were convicted for terms of at least 20 years, but many prisoners had their sentences "extended" while in the prison, including [[Pjetër Arbnori]] who was known as "the Mandela of the Balkans" because of the length of his more than 28-year internment in Burrel Prison.

== Notable inmates of Burrel Prison between 1939 and 1992==
;[[Koço Kota]]
:Prime Minister of Albania at the time the prison was opened, who cut the ribbon at the opening ceremony for the prison, and was later sentenced to death while in the prison.
;[[Dom Simon Jubani]]
:Catholic Priest who was arrested while serving in Miredita and imprisoned in Burrel Prison for 26 years.
;[[Zef Pëllumbi]]
:Catholic Priest also imprisoned in Burrel Prison during Hoxha's regime.
;[[Pjetër Arbnori]]
:Schoolteacher imprisoned in Burrel Prison for more than 28 years.
;[[Bashkim Shehu]]
:Author and Son of Mehmet Shehu, former Prime Minister of Socialist People's Republic of Albania, whose family was executed or imprisoned by Hoxha's regime after he was accused of espionage. The remains of Fiqiret Shehu, Mehmet's wife, were found in 2000 near the village of Ndroq.<ref>http://www.shekulli.com.al/web/p.php?id=4272&kat=94</ref>
;[[Fatos Lubonja]]
:Former head of Albanian national television, imprisoned for voicing opposition to the regime after Albania's split with the USSR in 1960.

⚫
<ref>[http://lajme.shqiperia.com/lajme/artikull/iden/198463/titulli/Burgu-i-Burrelit-nga-qelite-e-ferrit-ne-martesat-VIP The Burrel Prison] {{Albanian}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Forced labour camps in Communist Albania]]
*[[Forced labour camps in Communist Albania]]
*[[Spaç prison]]
*[[Spaç prison]]
*[[Qafë Bar Prison]]
*[[Ministry of Justice (Albania)]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 01:05, 11 November 2013

Institucioni i Ekzekutimit të Vendimit Penal Burrel
Map
LocationBurrel,
 Albania
Coordinates41°36′24″N 20°0′46″E / 41.60667°N 20.01278°E / 41.60667; 20.01278
StatusActive
Security classHigh Security
Capacity190
Population148 (as of April 2013)
Opened1938, 1997 reopened
Closed1992 - 1997
Managed byMinistry of Justice, Republic of Albania
DirectorMr. Demir Cupi

Burrel Prison (Template:Country data Burgu i Burrelit) is a high security prison located outside the town of Burrel, in northeastern Albania at the District Police Station in Mat with a maximum capacity of 198 inmates. In 2011 the prison housed 182 inmates and employed 120 corrections officers. The one-story structure is divided into three areas covering 21,000 square meters. [1]

Burrel Prison closed in 1992 after the Democratic Party of Albania deposed the Communist Party of Albania. The prison was reopened in 1997 and is one of Albania's 21 prisons active today, one of five that houses prisoners sentenced for life, and one of only two that houses prisoners convicted for organized crime.[2][3] There has been a movement by some activists to close the prison and make it the site of a memorial to those tortured and killed there between 1944 and 1992.[4]

In May 2013, the Director of Burrel Prison, Çupi Demir, was suspended after an incident involving a prisoner, Zenelli, who was granted a 5-day leave to visit his wife in Kukes but did not returned to the prison. This was the third such incident in 2013. [5]

History

Plans for the prison were begun in 1937, during the reign of King Zog, but the project was not finished until 1939 due to problems with funding its completion.[6]

The prison is well-known for having housed political prisoners before and during the regime of Enver Hoxha, many of whom were imprisoned without due process, tortured, and forced to endure inhuman conditions.[7] Albania may have had more than 100 prisons during this time,[8] but Burrel Prison is one of the most notorious sites along with Burgu i Qafë Barit and Burgu i Spaçit. Political prisoners eventually included many people and the families of people who held prominent positions within the Socialist People's Republic of Albania party apparatus, who were subsequently accused of opposition crimes by the regime, as well as people imprisoned for practicing religion, which was illegal, and others thought to be associated with an opposition movement in any form. Those charged with opposition crimes were convicted for terms of at least 20 years, but many prisoners had their sentences "extended" while in the prison, including Pjetër Arbnori who was known as "the Mandela of the Balkans" because of the length of his more than 28-year internment in Burrel Prison.

Notable inmates of Burrel Prison between 1939 and 1992

Koço Kota
Prime Minister of Albania at the time the prison was opened, who cut the ribbon at the opening ceremony for the prison, and was later sentenced to death while in the prison.
Dom Simon Jubani
Catholic Priest who was arrested while serving in Miredita and imprisoned in Burrel Prison for 26 years.
Zef Pëllumbi
Catholic Priest also imprisoned in Burrel Prison during Hoxha's regime.
Pjetër Arbnori
Schoolteacher imprisoned in Burrel Prison for more than 28 years.
Bashkim Shehu
Author and Son of Mehmet Shehu, former Prime Minister of Socialist People's Republic of Albania, whose family was executed or imprisoned by Hoxha's regime after he was accused of espionage. The remains of Fiqiret Shehu, Mehmet's wife, were found in 2000 near the village of Ndroq.[9]
Fatos Lubonja
Former head of Albanian national television, imprisoned for voicing opposition to the regime after Albania's split with the USSR in 1960.

[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://dazzlepod.com/cable/09TIRANA633/
  2. ^ http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/
  3. ^ http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&gj=gj1&aid=361
  4. ^ http://www.arct.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=293%3Aievp-burreli&catid=67%3Aprisons&Itemid=144&lang=en
  5. ^ http://www.gazetaidea.com/tjeter-arratisje-nga-burgu-i-burrelit-shkb-ja-nis-hetim-pezullohet-drejtori/
  6. ^ http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/index.php?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&aid=176
  7. ^ http://www.dpbsh.gov.al/newweb/index.php?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&aid=176
  8. ^ http://top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=3553
  9. ^ http://www.shekulli.com.al/web/p.php?id=4272&kat=94
  10. ^ The Burrel Prison Template:Albanian
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