Somniosidae: Difference between revisions
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'''Somniosidae''' is a family of [[shark]]s in the order [[Squaliformes]], commonly known as [[Sleeper shark|sleeper sharks]].<ref>{{FishBase family |family=Somniosidae |month=February |year=2011}}</ref> |
'''Somniosidae''' is a family of [[shark]]s in the order [[Squaliformes]], commonly known as [[Sleeper shark|sleeper sharks]].<ref>{{FishBase family |family=Somniosidae |month=February |year=2011}}</ref> |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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| ⚫ | [[Greenland shark|Greenland sharks]] or [[Basking shark|basking sharks]] are hunted for food in [[Iceland]]. The shark carcass is traditionally fermented in a shallow pit, with stones placed on top of the shark, allowing poisonous internal fluids, like urea and trimethylamine oxide, to be pressed and drained out of the body. The meat is then cured for several months, rendering it safe for consumption.<ref name="suite101">{{cite news|last=Wheatley|first=Gale|title=Iceland's Wild Culinary Traditions: Hákarl and Brennivín|url=http://gourmetwonderland.com/hakarl-brennivin|date=20 September 2010}}</ref> |
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==Location== |
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Somniosidae can be found in the following areas: |
Somniosidae can be found in the following areas: |
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*[[Arctic]] to [[subantarctic]] waters |
*[[Arctic]] to [[subantarctic]] waters |
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*temperate and tropical waters<ref name=Base>{{cite web|title=Family Somniosidae - Sleeper sharks|url=http://www.fishbase.us/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=658|publisher=Fish Base|accessdate=29 December 2012}}</ref> |
*temperate and tropical waters<ref name=Base>{{cite web|title=Family Somniosidae - Sleeper sharks|url=http://www.fishbase.us/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=658|publisher=Fish Base|accessdate=29 December 2012}}</ref> |
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== |
==Diet== |
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Sleeper sharks may feed on [[Colossal squid]]. |
Sleeper sharks may feed on [[Colossal squid]]. |
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** ''[[Zameus ichiharai]]'' <small>([[Kazunari Yano|Yano]] & [[Shigeho "Sho" Tanaka|S. Tanaka (II)]], 1984)</small> (Japanese velvet dogfish) |
** ''[[Zameus ichiharai]]'' <small>([[Kazunari Yano|Yano]] & [[Shigeho "Sho" Tanaka|S. Tanaka (II)]], 1984)</small> (Japanese velvet dogfish) |
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** ''[[Zameus squamulosus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1877)</small> (Velvet dogfish) |
** ''[[Zameus squamulosus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1877)</small> (Velvet dogfish) |
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| ⚫ | [[Greenland shark|Greenland sharks]] or [[Basking shark|basking sharks]] of the family Somniosidae are hunted for food in [[Iceland]]. The shark carcass is traditionally fermented in a shallow pit, with stones placed on top of the shark, allowing poisonous internal fluids, like urea and trimethylamine oxide, to be pressed and drained out of the body. The meat is then cured for several months, rendering it safe for consumption.<ref name="suite101">{{cite news|last=Wheatley|first=Gale|title=Iceland's Wild Culinary Traditions: Hákarl and Brennivín|url=http://gourmetwonderland.com/hakarl-brennivin|date=20 September 2010}}</ref> |
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{{Portal|Sharks}} |
{{Portal|Sharks}} |
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Revision as of 21:56, 15 October 2013
| Sleeper sharks | |
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| Somniosus sp. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Subclass: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | Somniosidae D. S. Jordan, 1888
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Somniosidae is a family of sharks in the order Squaliformes, commonly known as sleeper sharks.[1]
Distribution and habitat
Somniosidae can be found in the following areas:
- Arctic to subantarctic waters
- all oceans
- shelves in cold waters
- continental and slopes
- temperate and tropical waters[2]
Diet
Sleeper sharks may feed on Colossal squid.
Genera
- Centroscymnus Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864
- Centroscymnus coelolepis (Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864) (Portuguese dogfish)
- Centroscymnus cryptacanthus (Regan, 1906) (Shortnose velvet dogfish)
- Centroscymnus owstoni (Garman, 1906) (Roughskin dogfish)
- Centroselachus Garman, 1913
- Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864) (Longnose velvet dogfish)
- Proscymnodon Fowler, 1934
- Proscymnodon macracanthus (Regan, 1906) (Largespine velvet dogfish)
- Proscymnodon plunketi (Waite, 1910) (Plunket shark)
- Scymnodalatias Garrick, 1956
- Scymnodalatias albicauda Taniuchi & Garrick, 1986 (Whitetail dogfish)
- Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuyev & Konovalenko, 1988 (Azores dogfish)
- Scymnodalatias oligodon Kukuyev & Konovalenko, 1988 (Sparsetooth dogfish)
- Scymnodalatias sherwoodi (Archey, 1921) (Sherwood dogfish)
- Scymnodon Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864
- Scymnodon obscurus (Vaillant, 1888) (Smallmouth knifetooth dogfish)
- Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864 (Knifetooth dogfish)
- Somniosus Lesueur, 1818
- Somniosus antarcticus Whitley, 1939 (Southern sleeper shark)
- Somniosus longus (Tanaka, 1912) (Frog shark)
- Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Greenland shark)
- Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder, 1944 (Pacific sleeper shark)
- Somniosus rostratus (Risso, 1827) (Little sleeper shark)
- Zameus D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1903
- Zameus ichiharai (Yano & S. Tanaka (II), 1984) (Japanese velvet dogfish)
- Zameus squamulosus (Günther, 1877) (Velvet dogfish)
Hákarl
Greenland sharks or basking sharks of the family Somniosidae are hunted for food in Iceland. The shark carcass is traditionally fermented in a shallow pit, with stones placed on top of the shark, allowing poisonous internal fluids, like urea and trimethylamine oxide, to be pressed and drained out of the body. The meat is then cured for several months, rendering it safe for consumption.[3]
References
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Somniosidae". FishBase. February 2011 version.
- ^ "Family Somniosidae - Sleeper sharks". Fish Base. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
- ^ Wheatley, Gale (20 September 2010). "Iceland's Wild Culinary Traditions: Hákarl and Brennivín".
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