Brihadratha dynasty: Difference between revisions
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| image_map = Late Vedic Culture (1100-500 BCE).png |
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| image_map_caption = Magadha in 1100 BCE ruled by Brihadratha dynasty, in the north-eastern region |
| image_map_caption = Magadha in 1100 BCE ruled by the Brihadratha dynasty, in the north-eastern region |
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| capital = [[Girivraja]] |
| capital = [[Girivraja]] |
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| common_languages = [[Vedic Sanskrit]] |
| common_languages = [[Vedic Sanskrit]] |
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The '''Brihadratha dynasty''' ([[Sanskrit]]: बृहद्रथ; [[IAST]]: Bṛhadratha) was the first ruling dynasty of [[Magadha]]. [[Brihadratha]] was the founder of the dynasty.<ref name="m">Misra, V.S. (2007). ''Ancient Indian Dynasties'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, {{ISBN|81-7276-413-8}}, pp.129–36.</ref> According to the [[Vishnu Purana]], [[Magadha]], mentioned in [[Atharvaveda]],<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/80 80]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> was not only the most valuable{{clarify|richest? most strategically important?|date=May 2023}} kingdom in the [[Vedic period]] but was also the |
The '''Brihadratha dynasty''' ([[Sanskrit]]: बृहद्रथ; [[IAST]]: Bṛhadratha) was the first ruling dynasty of [[Magadha]]. [[Brihadratha]] was the founder of the dynasty.<ref name="m">Misra, V.S. (2007). ''Ancient Indian Dynasties'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, {{ISBN|81-7276-413-8}}, pp.129–36.</ref> According to the [[Vishnu Purana]], [[Magadha]], mentioned in [[Atharvaveda]],<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/80 80]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> was not only the most valuable{{clarify|richest? most strategically important?|date=May 2023}} kingdom in the [[Vedic period]] but was also the centre of civilization and power in [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rise of Jarasandha of Brihadratha dynasty|url=https://www.jagran.com/spiritual/religion-story-of-jarasandh-15871132.html|website=[[jagran]]|access-date=2020-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007031319/http://www.jagran.com/spiritual/religion-story-of-jarasandh-15871132.html|archive-date=2017-10-07|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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The name of Brihadratha is found in the [[Rigveda]] (I.36.18, X.49.6).<ref>Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972). ''Political History of Ancient India'', Calcutta: University of Calcutta, p.102.</ref> The [[Puranic]] sources say that Brihadratha was the eldest son of [[Uparichara Vasu]]. According to the [[Ramayana]], Uparichara Vasu founded Vasumati and [[Girivraja]], the capital of the dynasty.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Jarasandha was a very powerful king of Magadha |
The name of Brihadratha is found in the [[Rigveda]] (I.36.18, X.49.6).<ref>Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972). ''Political History of Ancient India'', Calcutta: University of Calcutta, p.102.</ref> The [[Puranic]] sources say that the Brihadratha was the eldest son of [[Uparichara Vasu]]. According to the [[Ramayana]], Uparichara Vasu founded the Vasumati and [[Girivraja]], the capital of the dynasty.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Jarasandha was a very powerful king of Magadha and the history of his birth and activities is also very interesting - Vaniquotes|url = http://vaniquotes.org/wiki/Jarasandha_was_a_very_powerful_king_of_Magadha,_and_the_history_of_his_birth_and_activities_is_also_very_interesting|website = vaniquotes.org|access-date = 2020-06-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181129054415/https://vaniquotes.org/wiki/Jarasandha_was_a_very_powerful_king_of_Magadha,_and_the_history_of_his_birth_and_activities_is_also_very_interesting|archive-date = 29 November 2018|url-status = live}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=May 2023}} |
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== History == |
== History == |
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{{main|Brihadratha}} |
{{main|Brihadratha}} |
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Brihadratha (also Maharatha) was the king of Magadha and the founder of the Brihadratha dynasty. According to the [[Mahabharata]] and the [[Purana]] |
Brihadratha (also Maharatha) was the king of Magadha and the founder of the Brihadratha dynasty. According to the [[Mahabharata]] and the [[Purana]], he was the eldest of the five sons of [[Uparichara Vasu]], the Kuru king of [[Chedi Kingdom|Chedi]] and his queen was Girika.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Books |first=Kausiki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvxLEAAAQBAJ&dq=Uparichara+Vasu&pg=PT28 |title=Skanda Purana: Vaishnava Khanda: Vasudeva Mahatmya: English Translation only without Slokas |date=2021-10-24 |publisher=Kausiki Books |pages=28 |language=en}}</ref> |
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=== Jarasandha === |
=== Jarasandha === |
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{{main|Jarasandha}} |
{{main|Jarasandha}} |
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Puranas mention that [[Jarasandha]] was the son of Sambhava,<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/80 80]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> Mahabharatha states that Jarasandha was the son of Brihadratha and the greatest ruler of the dynasty.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gokhale|first=Namita|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7DYnAgAAQBAJ&dq=jarasandha+birth&pg=PT62|title=The Puffin Mahabharata|date=2013-01-21|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-93-5118-415-7|language=en}}</ref> According to [[Sanskrit literature|ancient texts]] |
Puranas mention that [[Jarasandha]] was the son of Sambhava,<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/80 80]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> Mahabharatha states that Jarasandha was the son of Brihadratha and the greatest ruler of the dynasty.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gokhale|first=Namita|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7DYnAgAAQBAJ&dq=jarasandha+birth&pg=PT62|title=The Puffin Mahabharata|date=2013-01-21|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-93-5118-415-7|language=en}}</ref> According to [[Sanskrit literature|ancient texts]] 24 Brihadratha kings ruled for many years.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Jarasandha was a very powerful king of Magadha, and the history of his birth and activities is also very interesting - Vaniquotes|url = http://vaniquotes.org/wiki/Jarasandha_was_a_very_powerful_king_of_Magadha,_and_the_history_of_his_birth_and_activities_is_also_very_interesting|website = vaniquotes.org|access-date = 2015-12-31}}</ref> However, the [[Vayu Purana]], [[Matsya Purana]] and [[Vishnu Purana]] disagree regarding the Brihadratha period of rule. The astronomical works based on the [[Vishnu Purana]] state that the Brihadratha dynasty lasted for 1000 years.<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/80 80]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> |
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The name of Jarasandha appears in the Puranas many times. Jarasandha was inimical to the [[Yadava]] |
The name of Jarasandha appears in the Puranas many times. Jarasandha was inimical to the [[Yadava]] and is mentioned as a villain in the Mahabharata.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mahabharat Episode 28: Jarasandha – Born Divided |url=https://isha.sadhguru.org/in/en/wisdom/article/mahabharat-jarasandha-born-divided |website=sadhguru.org |access-date=2020-05-12}}</ref> |
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[[File: Bhima Slays Jarasandha.jpg|thumb|[[Bhima]] slays Jarasandha in a wrestling fight.]] |
[[File: Bhima Slays Jarasandha.jpg|thumb|[[Bhima]] slays Jarasandha in a wrestling fight.]] |
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{{main|Sahadeva of Magadha}} |
{{main|Sahadeva of Magadha}} |
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[[Sahadeva of Magadha|Sahadeva]] was the son of Jarasandha |
[[Sahadeva of Magadha|Sahadeva]] was the son of Jarasandha placed on the throne of Magadha by the [[Pandava]] after the assassination of Jarasandha. Sahadeva fought the [[Kurukshetra War]] on the side of the Pandavas. According to the Puranas, he was killed in the [[Kurukshetra War]] by [[Shakuni]] along with his cousin, Jayadeva. He was succeeded by Somadhi.<ref>Misra, V.S. (2007). ''Ancient Indian Dynasties'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, {{ISBN|81-7276-413-8}}, p.290.</ref> |
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=== Later rulers === |
=== Later rulers === |
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| title = Brihadratha dynasty |
| title = Brihadratha dynasty |
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| years = 1700 BCE |
| years = 1700 BCE |
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{{Citation needed|date=December 2021|reason=no evidence of an urbanised civilisation in Bihar in that |
{{Citation needed|date=December 2021|reason=no evidence of an urbanised civilisation in Bihar in that period, let alone a dynasty}} – 682 BCE |
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| before = [[Copper Hoard Culture]] |
| before = [[Copper Hoard Culture]] |
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| after = [[Pradyota dynasty]] |
| after = [[Pradyota dynasty]] |
Revision as of 15:47, 12 March 2024
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Brihadratha dynasty | |||||||||||||
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1700 BCE–682 BCE | |||||||||||||
![]() Magadha in 1100 BCE ruled by the Brihadratha dynasty, in the north-eastern region | |||||||||||||
Capital | Girivraja | ||||||||||||
Common languages | Vedic Sanskrit | ||||||||||||
Religion | Hinduism | ||||||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||
King | |||||||||||||
• 1700 BCE | Brihadratha (first ruler) | ||||||||||||
• c. 732–682 BCE | Ripunjaya (last ruler) | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Established | 1700 BCE | ||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 682 BCE | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Today part of | India |
The Brihadratha dynasty (Sanskrit: बृहद्रथ; IAST: Bṛhadratha) was the first ruling dynasty of Magadha. Brihadratha was the founder of the dynasty.[1] According to the Vishnu Purana, Magadha, mentioned in Atharvaveda,[2] was not only the most valuable[clarification needed] kingdom in the Vedic period but was also the centre of civilization and power in India.[3]
The name of Brihadratha is found in the Rigveda (I.36.18, X.49.6).[4] The Puranic sources say that the Brihadratha was the eldest son of Uparichara Vasu. According to the Ramayana, Uparichara Vasu founded the Vasumati and Girivraja, the capital of the dynasty.[5][unreliable source?]
History
Brihadratha
Brihadratha (also Maharatha) was the king of Magadha and the founder of the Brihadratha dynasty. According to the Mahabharata and the Purana, he was the eldest of the five sons of Uparichara Vasu, the Kuru king of Chedi and his queen was Girika.[6]
Jarasandha
Puranas mention that Jarasandha was the son of Sambhava,[7] Mahabharatha states that Jarasandha was the son of Brihadratha and the greatest ruler of the dynasty.[8] According to ancient texts 24 Brihadratha kings ruled for many years.[9] However, the Vayu Purana, Matsya Purana and Vishnu Purana disagree regarding the Brihadratha period of rule. The astronomical works based on the Vishnu Purana state that the Brihadratha dynasty lasted for 1000 years.[10]
The name of Jarasandha appears in the Puranas many times. Jarasandha was inimical to the Yadava and is mentioned as a villain in the Mahabharata.[11]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bhima_Slays_Jarasandha.jpg/220px-Bhima_Slays_Jarasandha.jpg)
Bhima, with the help of Krishna, killed Jarasandha.[12]
Sahadeva
Sahadeva was the son of Jarasandha placed on the throne of Magadha by the Pandava after the assassination of Jarasandha. Sahadeva fought the Kurukshetra War on the side of the Pandavas. According to the Puranas, he was killed in the Kurukshetra War by Shakuni along with his cousin, Jayadeva. He was succeeded by Somadhi.[13]
Later rulers
Somadhi (or Somphi) was the son of Sahadeva and was placed on the throne of Magadha by the Pandavas after he agreed to be their subordinate.[14]
End of dynasty
The last of the Brihadratha dynasty was Ripunjaya, who was killed by a minister named Punika (Pulika). After the death of Ripunjaya, Punika placed his son Pradyota on the throne and founded the Pradyota dynasty in 682 BCE.[15]
List of rulers
Ruler | Reign (BCE) |
---|---|
Brihadratha | 1700–1680 BCE |
Jarasandha | 1680–1665 BCE |
Sahadeva | 1665–1661 BCE |
Somadhi | 1661–1603 BCE |
Srutasravas | 1603–1539 BCE |
Ayutayus | 1539–1503 BCE |
Niramitra | 1503–1463 BCE |
Sukshatra | 1463–1405 BCE |
Brihatkarman | 1405–1382 BCE |
Senajit | 1382–1332 BCE |
Srutanjaya | 1332–1292 BCE |
Vipra | 1292–1257 BCE |
Suchi | 1257–1199 BCE |
Kshemya | 1199–1171 BCE |
Subrata | 1171–1107 BCE |
Dharma | 1107–1043 BCE |
Susuma | 1043–970 BCE |
Dridhasena | 970–912 BCE |
Sumati | 912–879 BCE |
Subala | 879–857 BCE |
Sunita | 857–817 BCE |
Satyajit | 817–767 BCE |
Viswajit | 767–732 BCE |
Ripunjaya | 732–682 BCE |
See also
References
- ^ Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, pp.129–36.
- ^ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 80.
- ^ "Rise of Jarasandha of Brihadratha dynasty". jagran. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
- ^ Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972). Political History of Ancient India, Calcutta: University of Calcutta, p.102.
- ^ "Jarasandha was a very powerful king of Magadha and the history of his birth and activities is also very interesting - Vaniquotes". vaniquotes.org. Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
- ^ Books, Kausiki (24 October 2021). Skanda Purana: Vaishnava Khanda: Vasudeva Mahatmya: English Translation only without Slokas. Kausiki Books. p. 28.
- ^ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 80.
- ^ Gokhale, Namita (21 January 2013). The Puffin Mahabharata. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-93-5118-415-7.
- ^ "Jarasandha was a very powerful king of Magadha, and the history of his birth and activities is also very interesting - Vaniquotes". vaniquotes.org. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
- ^ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 80.
- ^ "Mahabharat Episode 28: Jarasandha – Born Divided". sadhguru.org. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
- ^ The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa (5th ed.). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. 1990 [1970]. ISBN 9788121500944.
- ^ Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, p.290.
- ^ Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, p.290.
- ^ Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Baratiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, p. 300.