Smart TV: Difference between revisions
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A '''smart TV''', also known as a '''connected TV''' ('''CTV'''), is a traditional [[television set]] with integrated [[Internet]] and interactive [[Web 2.0]] features, which allows users to stream music and videos, browse the internet, and view photos. Smart TVs are a [[technological convergence]] of [[computer]]s, [[television]]s, and [[digital media player]]s. Besides the traditional functions of television sets provided through traditional [[broadcasting]] media, these devices can provide access to [[over-the-top media service]]s such as [[streaming television]] and [[internet radio]], along with [[home network]]ing access.<ref name="businessinsider1">{{cite web|author=Steve Kovach | |
A '''smart TV''', also known as a '''connected TV''' ('''CTV'''), is a traditional [[television set]] with integrated [[Internet]] and interactive [[Web 2.0]] features, which allows users to stream music and videos, browse the internet, and view photos. Smart TVs are a [[technological convergence]] of [[computer]]s, [[television]]s, and [[digital media player]]s. Besides the traditional functions of television sets provided through traditional [[broadcasting]] media, these devices can provide access to [[over-the-top media service]]s such as [[streaming television]] and [[internet radio]], along with [[home network]]ing access.<ref name="businessinsider1">{{cite web |author=Steve Kovach |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-a-smart-tv-2010-12 |title=What Is A Smart TV? |publisher=Businessinsider.com |date=December 8, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130193857/https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-a-smart-tv-2010-12 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Jeremy Toeman 41 |url=http://mashable.com/2010/10/20/connected-tv-content-not-apps/ |title=Why Connected TVs Will Be About the Content, Not the Apps |publisher=Mashable.com |date=October 20, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=September 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924120447/https://mashable.com/2010/10/20/connected-tv-content-not-apps/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/10/24/internet-tv-and-the-death-of-cable-tv-really/ |title=Internet TV and The Death of Cable TV, really |publisher=Techcrunch.com |date=October 24, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=November 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114130854/http://techcrunch.com/2010/10/24/internet-tv-and-the-death-of-cable-tv-really/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Smart TV should not be confused with Internet TV, [[IPTV]], or [[streaming television]]. ''Internet TV'' refers to receiving television content over the Internet instead of traditional systems such as terrestrial, cable, and satellite, regardless of how the Internet is delivered. IPTV is one of the Internet television technology standards for use by television broadcasters. ''Streaming television'' is a term used for programs created by many producers for showing on Internet TV. |
Smart TV should not be confused with Internet TV, [[IPTV]], or [[streaming television]]. ''Internet TV'' refers to receiving television content over the Internet instead of traditional systems such as terrestrial, cable, and satellite, regardless of how the Internet is delivered. IPTV is one of the Internet television technology standards for use by television broadcasters. ''Streaming television'' is a term used for programs created by many producers for showing on Internet TV. |
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In smart TVs, the [[operating system]] is preloaded into the television set's [[firmware]], which provides access to apps and other [[digital content]]. In contrast, traditional televisions primarily act as [[Visual display unit|display]]s and are limited to vendor-specific customization. The [[software application]]s can be preloaded into the device or updated or installed on demand via an [[application store|application store or marketplace]], in a similar manner to how applications are integrated into modern [[smartphone]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asianewsnet.net/home/news.php?id=13857 |title=Smart TV competition heats up market |publisher=Asianewsnet.net |access-date=January 17, 2012 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407111651/http://www.asianewsnet.net/home/news.php?id=13857 |archive-date=April 7, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaittimes.com/story/10855/smart-tv-shower-opens-smart-life |title=Smart TV Shower Opens Smart Life |publisher=Koreaittimes.com |date=October 7, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Chacksfield |first=Marc |url=http://www.techradar.com/news/television/intel-smart-tv-revolution-biggest-since-move-to-colour--688832 |title=Intel: Smart TV revolution 'biggest since move to colour' – The wonders of widgets? |publisher=Techradar.com |date=May 12, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/may2010/tc20100520_211952.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523161522/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/may2010/tc20100520_211952.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 23, 2010 |title=Google, With Intel and Sony, Unveils Software for 'Smart' TVs |work=Bloomberg BusinessWeek |date=May 20, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |last=Katzmaier |first=David |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20015791-1.html |title=Poll: Smart TV or dumb monitor? |publisher=News.cnet.com |date=September 8, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219032338/http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20015791-1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
In smart TVs, the [[operating system]] is preloaded into the television set's [[firmware]], which provides access to apps and other [[digital content]]. In contrast, traditional televisions primarily act as [[Visual display unit|display]]s and are limited to vendor-specific customization. The [[software application]]s can be preloaded into the device or updated or installed on demand via an [[application store|application store or marketplace]], in a similar manner to how applications are integrated into modern [[smartphone]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asianewsnet.net/home/news.php?id=13857 |title=Smart TV competition heats up market |publisher=Asianewsnet.net |access-date=January 17, 2012 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407111651/http://www.asianewsnet.net/home/news.php?id=13857 |archive-date=April 7, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.koreaittimes.com/story/10855/smart-tv-shower-opens-smart-life |title=Smart TV Shower Opens Smart Life |publisher=Koreaittimes.com |date=October 7, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=July 21, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721091719/http://www.koreaittimes.com/story/10855/smart-tv-shower-opens-smart-life |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Chacksfield |first=Marc |url=http://www.techradar.com/news/television/intel-smart-tv-revolution-biggest-since-move-to-colour--688832 |title=Intel: Smart TV revolution 'biggest since move to colour' – The wonders of widgets? |publisher=Techradar.com |date=May 12, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=January 2, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120102025232/http://www.techradar.com/news/television/intel-smart-tv-revolution-biggest-since-move-to-colour--688832 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/may2010/tc20100520_211952.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523161522/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/may2010/tc20100520_211952.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 23, 2010 |title=Google, With Intel and Sony, Unveils Software for 'Smart' TVs |work=Bloomberg BusinessWeek |date=May 20, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |last=Katzmaier |first=David |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20015791-1.html |title=Poll: Smart TV or dumb monitor? |publisher=News.cnet.com |date=September 8, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219032338/http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20015791-1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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The technology that enables smart TVs is also incorporated in external devices such as [[set-top box]]<nowiki/>es and some [[Blu-ray]] players, [[game console]]s, [[digital media player]]s, [[hotel television systems]], smartphones, and other network-connected interactive devices that utilize television-type display outputs.<ref name="intel1">[http://www.intel.com/inside/smarttv/ Intel and Smart TV]. intel.com. Retrieved on November 11, 2010.</ref><ref name="gizmodo1">{{cite web|url=https://gizmodo.com/5827779/roku-2-same-old-same-old |title=Roku 2: Same Old (But Still Good), Same Old |publisher=Gizmodo.com |date=August 4, 2011 |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref> These devices allow viewers to find and play videos, movies, TV shows, photos, and other content from the Web, [[cable TV|cable]] or [[satellite TV]] channels, or a local storage device. |
The technology that enables smart TVs is also incorporated in external devices such as [[set-top box]]<nowiki/>es and some [[Blu-ray]] players, [[game console]]s, [[digital media player]]s, [[hotel television systems]], smartphones, and other network-connected interactive devices that utilize television-type display outputs.<ref name="intel1">[http://www.intel.com/inside/smarttv/ Intel and Smart TV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806000117/http://www.intel.com/inside/smarttv/ |date=August 6, 2010 }}. intel.com. Retrieved on November 11, 2010.</ref><ref name="gizmodo1">{{cite web |url=https://gizmodo.com/5827779/roku-2-same-old-same-old |title=Roku 2: Same Old (But Still Good), Same Old |publisher=Gizmodo.com |date=August 4, 2011 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=January 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118070129/http://gizmodo.com/5827779/roku-2-same-old-same-old |url-status=live }}</ref> These devices allow viewers to find and play videos, movies, TV shows, photos, and other content from the Web, [[cable TV|cable]] or [[satellite TV]] channels, or a local storage device. |
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==Definition== |
==Definition== |
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A Smart TV platform has a public [[software development kit]] (SDK) or [[native development kit]] (NDK) with which third-party developers can develop applications for it, and an [[Application store|app store]] so end-users can install and uninstall apps. The public SDK enables third-party application developers to write applications once and see them [[write once, run anywhere|run successfully on any device]] that supports the Smart TV platform architecture it was written for, regardless of the hardware manufacturer. |
A Smart TV platform has a public [[software development kit]] (SDK) or [[native development kit]] (NDK) with which third-party developers can develop applications for it, and an [[Application store|app store]] so end-users can install and uninstall apps. The public SDK enables third-party application developers to write applications once and see them [[write once, run anywhere|run successfully on any device]] that supports the Smart TV platform architecture it was written for, regardless of the hardware manufacturer. |
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Smart TVs deliver content (such as photos, movies and music) from other computers or network attached storage devices on a network using either a [[Digital Living Network Alliance|Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA)]] / [[Universal Plug and Play|Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)]] media server or similar service program like [[Windows Media Player]] or [[Network-attached storage]] (NAS), or via [[iTunes]]. It also provides access to Internet-based services including traditional broadcast TV channels, [[Catch-up tv|catch-up services]], [[video-on-demand]] (VOD), [[electronic program guide]], interactive advertising, personalisation, voting, games, [[social networking]], and other multimedia applications.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gigaom.com/video/google-tv-apps/ |title=A first look at Google TV's new apps |publisher=Gigaom.com |date=September 15, 2011 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=November 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106110752/http://gigaom.com/video/google-tv-apps/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Smart TV enables access to movies, shows, video games, apps and more. Some of those apps include [[Netflix]], [[Hulu]], [[Spotify]], [[YouTube]], and [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.samsung.com/us/experience/smart-tv/|title=Samsung Smart TV – TV Has Never Been This Smart|website=Samsung Electronics America|access-date=September 30, 2016}}</ref> |
Smart TVs deliver content (such as photos, movies and music) from other computers or network attached storage devices on a network using either a [[Digital Living Network Alliance|Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA)]] / [[Universal Plug and Play|Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)]] media server or similar service program like [[Windows Media Player]] or [[Network-attached storage]] (NAS), or via [[iTunes]]. It also provides access to Internet-based services including traditional broadcast TV channels, [[Catch-up tv|catch-up services]], [[video-on-demand]] (VOD), [[electronic program guide]], interactive advertising, personalisation, voting, games, [[social networking]], and other multimedia applications.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gigaom.com/video/google-tv-apps/ |title=A first look at Google TV's new apps |publisher=Gigaom.com |date=September 15, 2011 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=November 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106110752/http://gigaom.com/video/google-tv-apps/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Smart TV enables access to movies, shows, video games, apps and more. Some of those apps include [[Netflix]], [[Hulu]], [[Spotify]], [[YouTube]], and [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.samsung.com/us/experience/smart-tv/|title=Samsung Smart TV – TV Has Never Been This Smart|website=Samsung Electronics America|access-date=September 30, 2016|archive-date=October 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002172507/http://www.samsung.com/us/experience/smart-tv/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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In the early 1980s, "intelligent" television receivers were introduced in Japan. The addition of an [[Large-scale integration|LSI]] chip with memory and a character generator to a television receiver enabled Japanese viewers to receive a mix of programming and information transmitted over spare lines of the broadcast television signal.<ref>Gene Gregory (1985), ''Japanese Electronics Technology, Enterprise and Innovation'', page 351, [[Japan Times]]</ref> A patent was filed in 1994<ref>{{cite web|url=http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?FT=D&date=19960510&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP&CC=FR&NR=2726670A1&KC=A1&ND=3 |title=espacenet – Original document |publisher=Worldwide.espacenet.com |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref> (and extended the following year)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=5905521A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=7&date=19990518&DB=EPODOC |title=espacenet – Bibliographic data |publisher=Worldwide.espacenet.com |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref> for an "intelligent" television system, linked with data processing systems, by means of a digital or analog network. Apart from being linked to data networks, one key point is its ability to automatically download necessary software routines, according to a user's demand, and process their needs. |
In the early 1980s, "intelligent" television receivers were introduced in Japan. The addition of an [[Large-scale integration|LSI]] chip with memory and a character generator to a television receiver enabled Japanese viewers to receive a mix of programming and information transmitted over spare lines of the broadcast television signal.<ref>Gene Gregory (1985), ''Japanese Electronics Technology, Enterprise and Innovation'', page 351, [[Japan Times]]</ref> A patent was filed in 1994<ref>{{cite web |url=http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?FT=D&date=19960510&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP&CC=FR&NR=2726670A1&KC=A1&ND=3 |title=espacenet – Original document |publisher=Worldwide.espacenet.com |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224135932/https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?FT=D&date=19960510&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP&CC=FR&NR=2726670A1&KC=A1&ND=3 |url-status=live }}</ref> (and extended the following year)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=5905521A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=7&date=19990518&DB=EPODOC |title=espacenet – Bibliographic data |publisher=Worldwide.espacenet.com |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=September 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904022930/http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=5905521A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=7&date=19990518&DB=EPODOC |url-status=live }}</ref> for an "intelligent" television system, linked with data processing systems, by means of a digital or analog network. Apart from being linked to data networks, one key point is its ability to automatically download necessary software routines, according to a user's demand, and process their needs. |
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However, descriptions of the elements of a smart television can be found in public discourse from the beginning of the 1980s, if not earlier, with the introduction of [[videotex]] services, particularly [[teletext]] information for reception by television sets, leading commentators to consider that televisions and accessories would evolve to encompass a range of related activities. In the words of one commentator: "In the long run, this machine is likely to develop into a multi-purpose receiver, for electronic mail, dealing with the bank, calculations, remote information - and '[[Not the Nine O'Clock News|Not the nine o'clock news]]' or '[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]' on video."<ref name="design198205_videotex">{{ cite magazine | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_design_1982-05_401/page/50/mode/2up | title=Head, Heart, Hand - and Screen | magazine=Design | date=May 1982 | access-date=24 March 2022 | last1=McLaren | first1=Ian | pages=50–54 }}</ref> |
However, descriptions of the elements of a smart television can be found in public discourse from the beginning of the 1980s, if not earlier, with the introduction of [[videotex]] services, particularly [[teletext]] information for reception by television sets, leading commentators to consider that televisions and accessories would evolve to encompass a range of related activities. In the words of one commentator: "In the long run, this machine is likely to develop into a multi-purpose receiver, for electronic mail, dealing with the bank, calculations, remote information - and '[[Not the Nine O'Clock News|Not the nine o'clock news]]' or '[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]' on video."<ref name="design198205_videotex">{{ cite magazine | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_design_1982-05_401/page/50/mode/2up | title=Head, Heart, Hand - and Screen | magazine=Design | date=May 1982 | access-date=24 March 2022 | last1=McLaren | first1=Ian | pages=50–54 }}</ref> |
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The mass acceptance of digital television in the mid-late 2000s and early 2010s greatly improved Smart TVs. Major TV manufacturers have announced production of Smart TVs only for their middle-end to high-end TVs in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/1/5/7497383/sony-new-smart-tv-run-android-tv-ces-2015|title=All of Sony's new smart TVs run on Android TV|author=Dieter Bohn|publisher=Vox Media|work=The Verge|date=January 5, 2015|access-date=June 17, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/24117/20150103/ces-2015-new-samsung-smart-tvs-will-be-powered-by-tizen-os.htm|title=CES 2015: New Samsung Smart TVs Will Be Powered by Tizen OS|work=Tech Times|date=January 3, 2015|access-date=June 17, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/lg-to-show-off-webos-2-0-smart-tv-at-ces-2015/|title=LG to show off webOS 2.0 smart TV at CES 2015|publisher=CBS Interactive|work=CNET|access-date=June 17, 2015}}</ref> Smart TVs became the dominant form of television during the late 2010s. At the beginning of 2016, [[Nielsen Holdings|Nielsen]] reported that 29 percent of those with incomes over $75,000 a year had a Smart TV.<ref>{{cite journal|title=CES 2016: Five Things to Watch|last=Winslow|first=George|journal=[[Broadcasting & Cable]]|date=January 4, 2016|pages=10–14}}</ref> |
The mass acceptance of digital television in the mid-late 2000s and early 2010s greatly improved Smart TVs. Major TV manufacturers have announced production of Smart TVs only for their middle-end to high-end TVs in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/1/5/7497383/sony-new-smart-tv-run-android-tv-ces-2015|title=All of Sony's new smart TVs run on Android TV|author=Dieter Bohn|publisher=Vox Media|work=The Verge|date=January 5, 2015|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418065657/https://www.theverge.com/2015/1/5/7497383/sony-new-smart-tv-run-android-tv-ces-2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/24117/20150103/ces-2015-new-samsung-smart-tvs-will-be-powered-by-tizen-os.htm|title=CES 2015: New Samsung Smart TVs Will Be Powered by Tizen OS|work=Tech Times|date=January 3, 2015|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418065626/http://www.techtimes.com/articles/24117/20150103/ces-2015-new-samsung-smart-tvs-will-be-powered-by-tizen-os.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/lg-to-show-off-webos-2-0-smart-tv-at-ces-2015/|title=LG to show off webOS 2.0 smart TV at CES 2015|publisher=CBS Interactive|work=CNET|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-date=June 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623180950/http://www.cnet.com/news/lg-to-show-off-webos-2-0-smart-tv-at-ces-2015/|url-status=live}}</ref> Smart TVs became the dominant form of television during the late 2010s. At the beginning of 2016, [[Nielsen Holdings|Nielsen]] reported that 29 percent of those with incomes over $75,000 a year had a Smart TV.<ref>{{cite journal|title=CES 2016: Five Things to Watch|last=Winslow|first=George|journal=[[Broadcasting & Cable]]|date=January 4, 2016|pages=10–14}}</ref> |
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==Typical features== |
==Typical features== |
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[[File:LG Smart TV web browser.jpg|thumb|LG Smart TV using the Web browser]] |
[[File:LG Smart TV web browser.jpg|thumb|LG Smart TV using the Web browser]] |
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Smart TV devices also provide access to [[user-generated content]] (either stored on an external [[hard drive]] or in [[cloud storage]]) and to interactive services and Internet applications, such as [[YouTube]], many using [[HTTP Live Streaming]] (also known as HLS) adaptive streaming.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/09/14/netgear-unveils-neotv-streaming-player-takes-another-shot-at-th/ |title=Netgear unveils NeoTV Streaming Player, takes another shot at the smart TV market |publisher=Engadget.com |access-date=January 17, 2012}}</ref> Smart TV devices facilitate the curation of traditional content by combining information from the Internet with content from TV providers. Services offer users a means to track and receive reminders about shows<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geekwire.com/2011/buddytv-debuts-google-tv-app-ipad-iphone-link/ |title=BuddyTV debuts Google TV app, with iPad and iPhone link |publisher=GeekWire |date=October 28, 2011 |access-date=July 12, 2012}}</ref> or sporting events,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/article/2012-01-08/aB.FJP7Z5bV0.html |title=Thuuz Android App for Google TV Gives DISH Customers Instant Alerts of Most Exciting Moments in Sports |publisher=Bloomberg |date=January 8, 2012 |access-date=July 12, 2012}}</ref> as well as the ability to change channels for immediate viewing. Some devices feature additional interactive [[organic user interface]] / [[natural user interface]] technologies for [[navigation controls]] and other [[Human–computer interaction|human interaction]] with a Smart TV, with such as [[second screen]] companion devices,<ref>https://techcrunch.com/2012/06/04/microsoft-introduces-second-screen-feature-xbox-smartglass/ Microsoft Introduces Second-Screen Feature, Xbox SmartGlass</ref><ref>http://mashable.com/2012/06/04/xbox-smartglass/ Xbox SmartGlass Brings the Second Screen to Games and Videos</ref> spatial [[gestures]] input like with [[Xbox Kinect]],<ref>{{cite web |first=Blake |last=Robinson |url= |
Smart TV devices also provide access to [[user-generated content]] (either stored on an external [[hard drive]] or in [[cloud storage]]) and to interactive services and Internet applications, such as [[YouTube]], many using [[HTTP Live Streaming]] (also known as HLS) adaptive streaming.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/09/14/netgear-unveils-neotv-streaming-player-takes-another-shot-at-th/ |title=Netgear unveils NeoTV Streaming Player, takes another shot at the smart TV market |publisher=Engadget.com |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=December 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225042827/http://www.engadget.com/2011/09/14/netgear-unveils-neotv-streaming-player-takes-another-shot-at-th |url-status=live }}</ref> Smart TV devices facilitate the curation of traditional content by combining information from the Internet with content from TV providers. Services offer users a means to track and receive reminders about shows<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geekwire.com/2011/buddytv-debuts-google-tv-app-ipad-iphone-link/ |title=BuddyTV debuts Google TV app, with iPad and iPhone link |publisher=GeekWire |date=October 28, 2011 |access-date=July 12, 2012 |archive-date=July 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711131534/http://www.geekwire.com/2011/buddytv-debuts-google-tv-app-ipad-iphone-link/ |url-status=live }}</ref> or sporting events,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/article/2012-01-08/aB.FJP7Z5bV0.html |title=Thuuz Android App for Google TV Gives DISH Customers Instant Alerts of Most Exciting Moments in Sports |publisher=Bloomberg |date=January 8, 2012 |access-date=July 12, 2012 |archive-date=April 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420182912/http://www.bloomberg.com/article/2012-01-08/aB.FJP7Z5bV0.html |url-status=live }}</ref> as well as the ability to change channels for immediate viewing. Some devices feature additional interactive [[organic user interface]] / [[natural user interface]] technologies for [[navigation controls]] and other [[Human–computer interaction|human interaction]] with a Smart TV, with such as [[second screen]] companion devices,<ref>https://techcrunch.com/2012/06/04/microsoft-introduces-second-screen-feature-xbox-smartglass/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707222649/https://techcrunch.com/2012/06/04/microsoft-introduces-second-screen-feature-xbox-smartglass/ |date=July 7, 2017 }} Microsoft Introduces Second-Screen Feature, Xbox SmartGlass</ref><ref>http://mashable.com/2012/06/04/xbox-smartglass/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126055830/http://mashable.com/2012/06/04/xbox-smartglass/ |date=January 26, 2013 }} Xbox SmartGlass Brings the Second Screen to Games and Videos</ref> spatial [[gestures]] input like with [[Xbox Kinect]],<ref>{{cite web |first=Blake |last=Robinson |url=http://mashable.com/2010/11/04/last-fm-kinect/ |title=Last.fm Gesture Controls for Xbox Kinect |publisher=Mashable.com |date=November 4, 2010 |access-date=October 19, 2011 |archive-date=October 14, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014033337/http://mashable.com/2010/11/04/last-fm-kinect/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Evan |last=Narcisse |url=http://kotaku.com/5866279/wave-hello-microsofts-requiring-kinect-functionality-for-all-future-apps-built-for-xbox-360 |title=Wave Hello: Microsoft's Requiring Kinect Functionality for All Future Apps Built for Xbox 360 |publisher=Kotaku.com |date=December 8, 2011 |access-date=March 12, 2012 |archive-date=March 15, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315040112/http://kotaku.com/5866279/wave-hello-microsofts-requiring-kinect-functionality-for-all-future-apps-built-for-xbox-360 |url-status=live }}</ref> and even for [[speech recognition]] for [[natural language user interface]].<ref>https://appleinsider.com/articles/13/01/10/2013-smart-tvs-dismissed-as-not-that-smart-leaving-opportunity-for-apple {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323120904/https://appleinsider.com/articles/13/01/10/2013-smart-tvs-dismissed-as-not-that-smart-leaving-opportunity-for-apple |date=March 23, 2020 }} 2013 smart TVs dismissed as "not that smart", leaving opportunity for Apple</ref> Smart TV develops new features to satisfy consumers and companies, such as new payment processes. LG and [[Paymentwall|PaymentWall]] have collaborated to allow consumers to access purchased apps, movies, games, and more using a remote control, laptop, tablet, or smartphone. This is intended for an easier and more convenient way for checkout. |
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==Platforms== |
==Platforms== |
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[[File:Samsung Smart TV 2012 (E-Series).jpg|thumb|Samsung’s discontinued Orsay platform]] |
[[File:Samsung Smart TV 2012 (E-Series).jpg|thumb|Samsung’s discontinued Orsay platform]] |
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Smart TV technology and software is still evolving, with both [[Proprietary software|proprietary]] and [[Open-source software|open source]] [[software framework]]s already available. These can run applications (sometimes available via an 'app store' [[digital distribution]] [[platform (computing)|platform]]), play [[over-the-top media services]] and interactive on-demand media, personalized communications, and have social networking features.<ref>{{cite web|author= |
Smart TV technology and software is still evolving, with both [[Proprietary software|proprietary]] and [[Open-source software|open source]] [[software framework]]s already available. These can run applications (sometimes available via an 'app store' [[digital distribution]] [[platform (computing)|platform]]), play [[over-the-top media services]] and interactive on-demand media, personalized communications, and have social networking features.<ref>{{cite web |author=Devindra Hardawar |url=https://venturebeat.com/2010/12/08/why-your-tv-is-the-new-app-battleground/ |title=Why your TV is the new app battleground |publisher=Venturebeat.com |date=December 8, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=December 31, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111231011605/http://venturebeat.com/2010/12/08/why-your-tv-is-the-new-app-battleground/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10132877 BBC News{{snd}}Google launches smart TV service] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110191832/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10132877 |date=November 10, 2018 }}. bbc.co.uk (May 20, 2010). Retrieved on November 11, 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Stan Schroeder 230 |url=http://mashable.com/2010/05/17/google-intel-sony-smart-tv/ |title=Google, Intel and Sony to Introduce Smart TV |publisher=Mashable.com |date=May 17, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=January 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112065105/http://mashable.com/2010/05/17/google-intel-sony-smart-tv/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.socialtimes.com/2010/05/opinion-will-googles-smart-tv-finally-bring-apps-and-web-browsing-to-the-living-room/ |title=Opinion: Will Google's Smart TV Finally Bring Apps and Web Browsing To The Living Room? |publisher=Socialtimes.com |date=May 17, 2010 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-date=January 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106213501/http://www.socialtimes.com/2010/05/opinion-will-googles-smart-tv-finally-bring-apps-and-web-browsing-to-the-living-room/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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[[Android TV]], [[Boxee]], [[Google TV (operating system)|Google TV]], [[Horizon TV Asia|Horizon TV]], [[Inview Technology|Inview]], [[Kodi (software)|Kodi Entertainment Center]], [[Ericsson Mediaroom|Mediaroom]], [[MeeGo]], [[Open TV|OpenTV]], [[Plex (software)|Plex]], RDK (Reference Development Kit), [[Roku]], Smart TV Alliance, ToFu Media Platform, [[Ubuntu TV]], Vewd, and [[Yahoo! Smart TV]] are framework platforms managed by individual companies. HbbTV, provided by the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV association, CE-HTML, part of Web4CE, OIPF, part of HbbTV, and Tru2way are framework platforms managed by technology businesses. Current Smart TV platforms used by vendors are [[Amazon.com|Amazon]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[Google]], [[Haier]], [[Hisense]], [[Hitachi]], [[Insignia (brand)|Insignia]], [[LG Corporation|LG]], [[Microsoft]], [[Netgear]], [[Panasonic]], [[Philips]], [[Samsung]], [[Sharp Corporation|Sharp]], [[Sony]], [[TCL Corporation|TCL]], [[TiVo|TiVO]], [[Toshiba]], [[Sling Media]], and [[Western Digital]]. Sony, Panasonic, Samsung, LG, and [[Roku|Roku TV]] are some platforms ranked under the best Smart TV platforms.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.techradar.com/news/television/6-best-smart-tv-platforms-in-the-world-today-1120795/5|title=The 5 best Smart TV platforms in the world 2016|newspaper=TechRadar|access-date=November 4, 2016}}</ref> |
[[Android TV]], [[Boxee]], [[Google TV (operating system)|Google TV]], [[Horizon TV Asia|Horizon TV]], [[Inview Technology|Inview]], [[Kodi (software)|Kodi Entertainment Center]], [[Ericsson Mediaroom|Mediaroom]], [[MeeGo]], [[Open TV|OpenTV]], [[Plex (software)|Plex]], RDK (Reference Development Kit), [[Roku]], Smart TV Alliance, ToFu Media Platform, [[Ubuntu TV]], Vewd, and [[Yahoo! Smart TV]] are framework platforms managed by individual companies. HbbTV, provided by the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV association, CE-HTML, part of Web4CE, OIPF, part of HbbTV, and Tru2way are framework platforms managed by technology businesses. Current Smart TV platforms used by vendors are [[Amazon.com|Amazon]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[Google]], [[Haier]], [[Hisense]], [[Hitachi]], [[Insignia (brand)|Insignia]], [[LG Corporation|LG]], [[Microsoft]], [[Netgear]], [[Panasonic]], [[Philips]], [[Samsung]], [[Sharp Corporation|Sharp]], [[Sony]], [[TCL Corporation|TCL]], [[TiVo|TiVO]], [[Toshiba]], [[Sling Media]], and [[Western Digital]]. Sony, Panasonic, Samsung, LG, and [[Roku|Roku TV]] are some platforms ranked under the best Smart TV platforms.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.techradar.com/news/television/6-best-smart-tv-platforms-in-the-world-today-1120795/5|title=The 5 best Smart TV platforms in the world 2016|newspaper=TechRadar|access-date=November 4, 2016|archive-date=November 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104141711/http://www.techradar.com/news/television/6-best-smart-tv-platforms-in-the-world-today-1120795/5|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==Sales== |
==Sales== |
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According to a report from research group NPD In-Stat, in 2012 only about 12 million U.S. households had their Web-capable TVs connected to the Internet, although an estimated 25 million households owned a set with the built-in network capability. In-Stat predicted that by 2016, 100 million homes in North America and western Europe would be using television sets blending traditional programming with internet content.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2012/03/100-million-tvs-will-be-internet-connected-by-2016.html | title=100 Million TVs will have internet connections by 2016}}</ref> By the end of 2019, the number of installed Connect TVs reached 1.26 billion worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.strategyanalytics.com/access-services/devices/connected-home/consumer-electronics/reports/report-detail/global-connected-tv-device-vendor-market-share-q4-2019|title=Consumer Electronics Reports|first=David|last=Watkins|website=www.strategyanalytics.com}}</ref> |
According to a report from research group NPD In-Stat, in 2012 only about 12 million U.S. households had their Web-capable TVs connected to the Internet, although an estimated 25 million households owned a set with the built-in network capability. In-Stat predicted that by 2016, 100 million homes in North America and western Europe would be using television sets blending traditional programming with internet content.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2012/03/100-million-tvs-will-be-internet-connected-by-2016.html | title=100 Million TVs will have internet connections by 2016 | access-date=April 19, 2012 | archive-date=April 2, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402212248/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2012/03/100-million-tvs-will-be-internet-connected-by-2016.html | url-status=live }}</ref> By the end of 2019, the number of installed Connect TVs reached 1.26 billion worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.strategyanalytics.com/access-services/devices/connected-home/consumer-electronics/reports/report-detail/global-connected-tv-device-vendor-market-share-q4-2019|title=Consumer Electronics Reports|first=David|last=Watkins|website=www.strategyanalytics.com|access-date=September 23, 2020|archive-date=August 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813024801/https://www.strategyanalytics.com/access-services/devices/connected-home/consumer-electronics/reports/report-detail/global-connected-tv-device-vendor-market-share-q4-2019|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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The number of households using [[Over-the-top content|over-the-top]] television services has rapidly increased over the years. In 2015, 52% of U.S. households subscribed to [[Netflix]], [[Amazon Prime]], or [[Hulu Plus]]; 43% of pay-TV subscribers also used Netflix, and 43% of adults used some streaming [[video on demand]] service at least monthly. Additionally, 19% of Netflix subscribers shared their subscription with people outside of their households. Ten percent of adults at the time showed interest in [[HBO Now]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.multichannel.com/news/next-tv/56-us-homes-have-tv-connected-internet/390895|title=U.S. Connected-TV Penetration Passes 50% {{!}} Multichannel|website=www.multichannel.com|access-date=November 29, 2016|archive-date=January 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115184412/http://www.multichannel.com/news/next-tv/56-us-homes-have-tv-connected-internet/390895|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
The number of households using [[Over-the-top content|over-the-top]] television services has rapidly increased over the years. In 2015, 52% of U.S. households subscribed to [[Netflix]], [[Amazon Prime]], or [[Hulu Plus]]; 43% of pay-TV subscribers also used Netflix, and 43% of adults used some streaming [[video on demand]] service at least monthly. Additionally, 19% of Netflix subscribers shared their subscription with people outside of their households. Ten percent of adults at the time showed interest in [[HBO Now]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.multichannel.com/news/next-tv/56-us-homes-have-tv-connected-internet/390895|title=U.S. Connected-TV Penetration Passes 50% {{!}} Multichannel|website=www.multichannel.com|access-date=November 29, 2016|archive-date=January 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115184412/http://www.multichannel.com/news/next-tv/56-us-homes-have-tv-connected-internet/390895|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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===Advertising=== |
===Advertising=== |
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Some Smart TV platforms also support [[interactive advertising]] ([[companion ad]]s), [[addressable advertising]] with local advertising insertion and targeted advertising,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/01/15/sky-adsmart-targeted-advertising/|title=Sky's AdSmart brings targeted advertising to your TV|author=Daniel Cooper|publisher=AOL|work=Engadget|access-date=June 17, 2015}}</ref> and other advanced advertising features such as [[ad telescoping]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iptvdictionary.com/IPTVDictionary-Ad-Telescoping-Definition.html|title=Ad Telescoping|access-date=June 17, 2015}}</ref> using [[video on demand|VOD]] and [[Digital video recorder|DVR]], enhanced TV for consumer [[Call to action (marketing)|call-to-action]], and [[audience measurement]] solutions for ad campaign effectiveness.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nagra.com/dtv/company/newsroom/press-releases/article/?id=1195|title=Kudelski Group :: Notification|website=www.nagra.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
Some Smart TV platforms also support [[interactive advertising]] ([[companion ad]]s), [[addressable advertising]] with local advertising insertion and targeted advertising,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/01/15/sky-adsmart-targeted-advertising/|title=Sky's AdSmart brings targeted advertising to your TV|author=Daniel Cooper|publisher=AOL|work=Engadget|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-date=May 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515004518/http://www.engadget.com/2014/01/15/sky-adsmart-targeted-advertising/|url-status=live}}</ref> and other advanced advertising features such as [[ad telescoping]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iptvdictionary.com/IPTVDictionary-Ad-Telescoping-Definition.html|title=Ad Telescoping|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-date=May 11, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511012909/http://www.iptvdictionary.com/IPTVDictionary-Ad-Telescoping-Definition.html|url-status=live}}</ref> using [[video on demand|VOD]] and [[Digital video recorder|DVR]], enhanced TV for consumer [[Call to action (marketing)|call-to-action]], and [[audience measurement]] solutions for ad campaign effectiveness.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nagra.com/dtv/company/newsroom/press-releases/article/?id=1195|title=Kudelski Group :: Notification|website=www.nagra.com|access-date=October 2, 2013|archive-date=January 16, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116092348/http://www.nagra.com/dtv/company/newsroom/press-releases/article/?id=1195|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nagra.com/media-center/press-releases/nagra-opentv-and-time-warner-cable-media-extend-advanced-advertising|title="NAGRA-OpenTV and Time Warner Cable Media Extend Advanced Advertising Partnership" March 5, 2012 – Cheseaux, Switzerland|access-date=September 10, 2016|archive-date=January 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105235213/https://www.nagra.com/media-center/press-releases/nagra-opentv-and-time-warner-cable-media-extend-advanced-advertising|url-status=live}}</ref> The marketing and trading possibilities offered by Smart TVs are sometimes summarized by the term [[t-commerce]]. Taken together, this [[Duplex (telecommunications)|bidirectional]] data flow means Smart TVs can be and are used for [[surveillance|clandestine observation]] of the owners. Even in sets that are not configured off-the-shelf to do so, default security measures are often weak and will allow hackers to easily break into the TV.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mashable.com/2013/08/02/samsung-smart-tv-hack/|title=Your Smart TV Could Be Hacked to Spy On You|website=[[Mashable]]|date=August 2, 2013|access-date=January 27, 2014|archive-date=February 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204193553/http://mashable.com/2013/08/02/samsung-smart-tv-hack/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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2019 research, "Watching You Watch: The Tracking Ecosystem of Over-the-Top TV Streaming Devices", conducted at [[Princeton]] and [[University of Chicago]], demonstrated that a majority of streaming devices will covertly collect and transmit personal user data, including captured screen images, to a wide network of advertising and analytics companies, raising privacy concerns.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://threatpost.com/smart-tvs-leak-data/148482/|title=Smart TVs, Subscription Services Leak Data to Facebook, Google|website=threatpost.com|language=en|access-date=2019-09-19}}</ref> |
2019 research, "Watching You Watch: The Tracking Ecosystem of Over-the-Top TV Streaming Devices", conducted at [[Princeton]] and [[University of Chicago]], demonstrated that a majority of streaming devices will covertly collect and transmit personal user data, including captured screen images, to a wide network of advertising and analytics companies, raising privacy concerns.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://threatpost.com/smart-tvs-leak-data/148482/|title=Smart TVs, Subscription Services Leak Data to Facebook, Google|website=threatpost.com|language=en|access-date=2019-09-19|archive-date=September 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920222724/https://threatpost.com/smart-tvs-leak-data/148482/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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[[Digital marketing]] [[Market research|research]] firm [[eMarketer]] reported a 38 percent surge{{snd}}to close to $7{{spaces}}billion, a 10 percent [[television advertising]] market share{{snd}}in advertising on connected TV like [[Hulu]] and [[Roku]], to be underway in 2019, with market indicators that the figure would surpass $10{{spaces}}billion in 2021.<ref>{{cite news| |
[[Digital marketing]] [[Market research|research]] firm [[eMarketer]] reported a 38 percent surge{{snd}}to close to $7{{spaces}}billion, a 10 percent [[television advertising]] market share{{snd}}in advertising on connected TV like [[Hulu]] and [[Roku]], to be underway in 2019, with market indicators that the figure would surpass $10{{spaces}}billion in 2021.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://adage.com/article/digital/trade-desk-bets-big-connected-tv-revenue-jumps-38-percent/2213856\|title=THE TRADE DESK BETS BIG ON CONNECTED TV AS REVENUE JUMPS 38 PERCENT|last1=Sleffo|first1=George P.|publisher=Ad Age|date=November 7, 2019|access-date=November 15, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=July 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.marketingdive.com/news/emarketer-ctv-media-spending-will-soar-38-to-7b-this-year/566611/|title=EMarketer: CTV media spending will soar 38% to $7B this year|last1=Williams|first1=Robert|publisher=Marketing Dive|date=November 5, 2019|access-date=November 15, 2019|archive-date=November 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115212802/https://www.marketingdive.com/news/emarketer-ctv-media-spending-will-soar-38-to-7b-this-year/566611/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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===Security=== |
===Security=== |
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There have also been concerns that [[hacker]]s may be able to remotely turn on the microphone or webcam on a smart TV, being able to eavesdrop on private conversations. A common [[loop antenna]] may be set for a ''bi''directional transmission channel, capable of uploading data rather than only receiving. Since 2012, security researchers discovered a similar vulnerability present in more [[mass production|series]] of Smart TVs, which allows hackers to get an external [[root access]] on the device.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/444399/samsung_tv_vulnerability_could_let_hacker_change_channel/|title= Samsung TV vulnerability could let a hacker change the channel|date= Dec 12, 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130306010836/https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/444399/samsung_tv_vulnerability_could_let_hacker_change_channel/|archive-date= March 6, 2013 }}</ref> |
There have also been concerns that [[hacker]]s may be able to remotely turn on the microphone or webcam on a smart TV, being able to eavesdrop on private conversations. A common [[loop antenna]] may be set for a ''bi''directional transmission channel, capable of uploading data rather than only receiving. Since 2012, security researchers discovered a similar vulnerability present in more [[mass production|series]] of Smart TVs, which allows hackers to get an external [[root access]] on the device.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/444399/samsung_tv_vulnerability_could_let_hacker_change_channel/|title= Samsung TV vulnerability could let a hacker change the channel|date= Dec 12, 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130306010836/https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/444399/samsung_tv_vulnerability_could_let_hacker_change_channel/|archive-date= March 6, 2013 }}</ref> |
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Anticipating growing demand for an [[antivirus]] for a Smart TV, some [[security software]] companies are already working with partners in the digital TV field on the solution. It seems like there is only one antivirus for Smart TVs available: "Neptune", a cloud-based antimalware system developed by Ocean Blue Software in partnership with [[Sophos]]. However, antivirus company [[Avira]] has joined forces with digital TV testing company Labwise to work on software to protect against potential attacks.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.pctechbootcamp.com/can-your-smart-tv-get-a-virus/ | title=CAN YOUR SMART TV GET A VIRUS? | access-date=January 5, 2015 | archive-date=December 1, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033456/http://www.pctechbootcamp.com/can-your-smart-tv-get-a-virus/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> The privacy policy for [[Samsung|Samsung's]] Smart TVs has been called [[Orwellian]] (a reference to [[George Orwell]] and the dystopian world of constant surveillance he depicted in ''[[1984 (novel)|1984]]''), and compared to [[Telescreen]]s because of eavesdropping concerns.<ref>{{Cite news | url= https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/samsungs-new-smart-tv-policy-allows-company-to-listen-in-on-users-10033012.html | title |
Anticipating growing demand for an [[antivirus]] for a Smart TV, some [[security software]] companies are already working with partners in the digital TV field on the solution. It seems like there is only one antivirus for Smart TVs available: "Neptune", a cloud-based antimalware system developed by Ocean Blue Software in partnership with [[Sophos]]. However, antivirus company [[Avira]] has joined forces with digital TV testing company Labwise to work on software to protect against potential attacks.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.pctechbootcamp.com/can-your-smart-tv-get-a-virus/ | title=CAN YOUR SMART TV GET A VIRUS? | access-date=January 5, 2015 | archive-date=December 1, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033456/http://www.pctechbootcamp.com/can-your-smart-tv-get-a-virus/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> The privacy policy for [[Samsung|Samsung's]] Smart TVs has been called [[Orwellian]] (a reference to [[George Orwell]] and the dystopian world of constant surveillance he depicted in ''[[1984 (novel)|1984]]''), and compared to [[Telescreen]]s because of eavesdropping concerns.<ref>{{Cite news | url= https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/samsungs-new-smart-tv-policy-allows-company-to-listen-in-on-users-10033012.html | title= Samsung smart TV policy allows company to listen in on users | work= The Independent | date= February 9, 2015 | access-date= February 9, 2015 | archive-date= February 9, 2015 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150209121255/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/samsungs-new-smart-tv-policy-allows-company-to-listen-in-on-users-10033012.html | url-status= live }}</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-31296188 Not in front of the Telly] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519185625/http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-31296188 |date=May 19, 2018 }} BBC News, 2015</ref> |
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Hackers have misused Smart TV's abilities such as operating source codes for applications and its unsecured connection to the Internet. Passwords, IP address data, and credit card information can be accessed by hackers and even companies for advertisement. A company caught in the act is [[Vizio]].{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} The confidential documents, codenamed [[Vault 7]] and dated from 2013 to 2016, include details on [[CIA]]'s software capabilities, such as the ability to compromise Smart TVs.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/world/europe/wikileaks-cia-hacking.html |title=WikiLeaks Releases Trove of Alleged C.I.A. Hacking Documents |last1=Shane |first1=Scott |date=7 March 2017 |access-date=7 March 2017 |last2=Mazzetti |first2=Mark |last3=Rosenberg |first3=Matthew |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> |
Hackers have misused Smart TV's abilities such as operating source codes for applications and its unsecured connection to the Internet. Passwords, IP address data, and credit card information can be accessed by hackers and even companies for advertisement. A company caught in the act is [[Vizio]].{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} The confidential documents, codenamed [[Vault 7]] and dated from 2013 to 2016, include details on [[CIA]]'s software capabilities, such as the ability to compromise Smart TVs.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/world/europe/wikileaks-cia-hacking.html |title=WikiLeaks Releases Trove of Alleged C.I.A. Hacking Documents |last1=Shane |first1=Scott |date=7 March 2017 |access-date=7 March 2017 |last2=Mazzetti |first2=Mark |last3=Rosenberg |first3=Matthew |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |archive-date=March 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307212004/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/world/europe/wikileaks-cia-hacking.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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===Restriction of access=== |
===Restriction of access=== |
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⚫ | Internet websites can block Smart TV access to content at will or tailor the content that will be received by each platform.<ref name="nytBlock">{{Cite news| url = http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/21/big-networks-block-web-shows-from-google-tv/| title = Big Networks Block Web Shows From Google TV| date = October 21, 2010| work = [[The New York Times]]| access-date = December 4, 2010| archive-date = August 10, 2011| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110810175212/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/21/big-networks-block-web-shows-from-google-tv/| url-status = live}}</ref> [[Google TV (operating system)|Google TV]]-enabled devices were blocked by [[NBC]], [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], [[CBS]], and [[Hulu]] from accessing their Web content since the launch of Google TV in October 2010. Google TV devices were also blocked from accessing any programs offered by [[Viacom (2005–present)|Viacom]]’s subsidiaries.<ref name="cnetBlock">{{cite web| url = http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20023547-1.html| title = Comedy Central, MTV now blocking Google TV| publisher = CNET.com| date = November 22, 2010| access-date = December 4, 2010| archive-date = October 19, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131019050932/http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20023547-1.html| url-status = dead}}</ref> |
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Internet websites can block Smart TV access to content at will or tailor the content that will be received by each platform.<ref name="nytBlock">{{Cite news |
|||
⚫ | | url = http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/21/big-networks-block-web-shows-from-google-tv/| title = Big Networks Block Web Shows From Google TV| date = October 21, 2010|work=[[The New York Times]]| access-date =December 4, 2010}}</ref> [[Google TV (operating system)|Google TV]]-enabled devices were blocked by [[NBC]], [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], [[CBS]], and [[Hulu]] from accessing their Web content since the launch of Google TV in October 2010. Google TV devices were also blocked from accessing any programs offered by [[Viacom (2005–present)|Viacom]]’s subsidiaries.<ref name="cnetBlock">{{cite web| url = http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20023547-1.html| title = Comedy Central, MTV now blocking Google TV| publisher = CNET.com| date = November 22, 2010| access-date = December 4, 2010| archive-date = October 19, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131019050932/http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20023547-1.html| url-status = dead}}</ref> |
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===Reliability=== |
===Reliability=== |
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In 2017, high-end [[Samsung]] Smart TVs stopped working for at least seven days after a software update.<ref>{{Cite news | url= https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/aug/24/samsung-tv-buyers-furious-after-software-update-leaves-sets-unusable | title = Samsung TV owners furious after software update leaves sets unusable | work= The Guardian | location = London | date = August 24, 2017 | access-date = August 24, 2017}}</ref> Application providers are rarely upgrading Smart TV apps to the latest version; for example, Netflix does not support older TV versions with new Netflix upgrades.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://devices.netflix.com/en/recommendedtv/|title=Netflix Recommended TVs {{!}} Built for a better Netflix experience|website=devices.netflix.com|language=en|access-date=May 1, 2015}}</ref> |
In 2017, high-end [[Samsung]] Smart TVs stopped working for at least seven days after a software update.<ref>{{Cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/aug/24/samsung-tv-buyers-furious-after-software-update-leaves-sets-unusable | title = Samsung TV owners furious after software update leaves sets unusable | work = The Guardian | location = London | date = August 24, 2017 | access-date = August 24, 2017 | archive-date = August 24, 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170824124757/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/aug/24/samsung-tv-buyers-furious-after-software-update-leaves-sets-unusable | url-status = live }}</ref> Application providers are rarely upgrading Smart TV apps to the latest version; for example, Netflix does not support older TV versions with new Netflix upgrades.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://devices.netflix.com/en/recommendedtv/|title=Netflix Recommended TVs {{!}} Built for a better Netflix experience|website=devices.netflix.com|language=en|access-date=May 1, 2015|archive-date=November 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120131539/https://devices.netflix.com/en/recommendedtv/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
Revision as of 12:43, 1 July 2023
A smart TV, also known as a connected TV (CTV), is a traditional television set with integrated Internet and interactive Web 2.0 features, which allows users to stream music and videos, browse the internet, and view photos. Smart TVs are a technological convergence of computers, televisions, and digital media players. Besides the traditional functions of television sets provided through traditional broadcasting media, these devices can provide access to over-the-top media services such as streaming television and internet radio, along with home networking access.[1][2][3]
Smart TV should not be confused with Internet TV, IPTV, or streaming television. Internet TV refers to receiving television content over the Internet instead of traditional systems such as terrestrial, cable, and satellite, regardless of how the Internet is delivered. IPTV is one of the Internet television technology standards for use by television broadcasters. Streaming television is a term used for programs created by many producers for showing on Internet TV.
In smart TVs, the operating system is preloaded into the television set's firmware, which provides access to apps and other digital content. In contrast, traditional televisions primarily act as displays and are limited to vendor-specific customization. The software applications can be preloaded into the device or updated or installed on demand via an application store or marketplace, in a similar manner to how applications are integrated into modern smartphones.[4][5][6][7][8]
The technology that enables smart TVs is also incorporated in external devices such as set-top boxes and some Blu-ray players, game consoles, digital media players, hotel television systems, smartphones, and other network-connected interactive devices that utilize television-type display outputs.[9][10] These devices allow viewers to find and play videos, movies, TV shows, photos, and other content from the Web, cable or satellite TV channels, or a local storage device.
Definition
A Smart TV device is either a television set with integrated Internet capabilities or a set-top box for television that offers more advanced computing ability and connectivity than a contemporary basic television set. A Smart TVs is an information appliance and may be thought of as the computer system of a mobile device integrated with a television set unit. A Smart TV runs a complete operating system or mobile operating system that may provide a platform for application developers. Thus, a Smart TV often allows the user to install and run more advanced applications or plugins/addons based on its specific platform.[1][11][12]
A Smart TV platform has a public software development kit (SDK) or native development kit (NDK) with which third-party developers can develop applications for it, and an app store so end-users can install and uninstall apps. The public SDK enables third-party application developers to write applications once and see them run successfully on any device that supports the Smart TV platform architecture it was written for, regardless of the hardware manufacturer.
Smart TVs deliver content (such as photos, movies and music) from other computers or network attached storage devices on a network using either a Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) / Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) media server or similar service program like Windows Media Player or Network-attached storage (NAS), or via iTunes. It also provides access to Internet-based services including traditional broadcast TV channels, catch-up services, video-on-demand (VOD), electronic program guide, interactive advertising, personalisation, voting, games, social networking, and other multimedia applications.[13] Smart TV enables access to movies, shows, video games, apps and more. Some of those apps include Netflix, Hulu, Spotify, YouTube, and Amazon.[14]
History
In the early 1980s, "intelligent" television receivers were introduced in Japan. The addition of an LSI chip with memory and a character generator to a television receiver enabled Japanese viewers to receive a mix of programming and information transmitted over spare lines of the broadcast television signal.[15] A patent was filed in 1994[16] (and extended the following year)[17] for an "intelligent" television system, linked with data processing systems, by means of a digital or analog network. Apart from being linked to data networks, one key point is its ability to automatically download necessary software routines, according to a user's demand, and process their needs.
However, descriptions of the elements of a smart television can be found in public discourse from the beginning of the 1980s, if not earlier, with the introduction of videotex services, particularly teletext information for reception by television sets, leading commentators to consider that televisions and accessories would evolve to encompass a range of related activities. In the words of one commentator: "In the long run, this machine is likely to develop into a multi-purpose receiver, for electronic mail, dealing with the bank, calculations, remote information - and 'Not the nine o'clock news' or 'Casablanca' on video."[18]
The mass acceptance of digital television in the mid-late 2000s and early 2010s greatly improved Smart TVs. Major TV manufacturers have announced production of Smart TVs only for their middle-end to high-end TVs in 2015.[19][20][21] Smart TVs became the dominant form of television during the late 2010s. At the beginning of 2016, Nielsen reported that 29 percent of those with incomes over $75,000 a year had a Smart TV.[22]
Typical features
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/LG_Smart_TV_web_browser.jpg/220px-LG_Smart_TV_web_browser.jpg)
Smart TV devices also provide access to user-generated content (either stored on an external hard drive or in cloud storage) and to interactive services and Internet applications, such as YouTube, many using HTTP Live Streaming (also known as HLS) adaptive streaming.[23] Smart TV devices facilitate the curation of traditional content by combining information from the Internet with content from TV providers. Services offer users a means to track and receive reminders about shows[24] or sporting events,[25] as well as the ability to change channels for immediate viewing. Some devices feature additional interactive organic user interface / natural user interface technologies for navigation controls and other human interaction with a Smart TV, with such as second screen companion devices,[26][27] spatial gestures input like with Xbox Kinect,[28][29] and even for speech recognition for natural language user interface.[30] Smart TV develops new features to satisfy consumers and companies, such as new payment processes. LG and PaymentWall have collaborated to allow consumers to access purchased apps, movies, games, and more using a remote control, laptop, tablet, or smartphone. This is intended for an easier and more convenient way for checkout.
Platforms
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Samsung_Smart_TV_2012_%28E-Series%29.jpg/220px-Samsung_Smart_TV_2012_%28E-Series%29.jpg)
Smart TV technology and software is still evolving, with both proprietary and open source software frameworks already available. These can run applications (sometimes available via an 'app store' digital distribution platform), play over-the-top media services and interactive on-demand media, personalized communications, and have social networking features.[31][32][33][34]
Android TV, Boxee, Google TV, Horizon TV, Inview, Kodi Entertainment Center, Mediaroom, MeeGo, OpenTV, Plex, RDK (Reference Development Kit), Roku, Smart TV Alliance, ToFu Media Platform, Ubuntu TV, Vewd, and Yahoo! Smart TV are framework platforms managed by individual companies. HbbTV, provided by the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV association, CE-HTML, part of Web4CE, OIPF, part of HbbTV, and Tru2way are framework platforms managed by technology businesses. Current Smart TV platforms used by vendors are Amazon, Apple, Google, Haier, Hisense, Hitachi, Insignia, LG, Microsoft, Netgear, Panasonic, Philips, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, TCL, TiVO, Toshiba, Sling Media, and Western Digital. Sony, Panasonic, Samsung, LG, and Roku TV are some platforms ranked under the best Smart TV platforms.[35]
Sales
According to a report from research group NPD In-Stat, in 2012 only about 12 million U.S. households had their Web-capable TVs connected to the Internet, although an estimated 25 million households owned a set with the built-in network capability. In-Stat predicted that by 2016, 100 million homes in North America and western Europe would be using television sets blending traditional programming with internet content.[36] By the end of 2019, the number of installed Connect TVs reached 1.26 billion worldwide.[37]
The number of households using over-the-top television services has rapidly increased over the years. In 2015, 52% of U.S. households subscribed to Netflix, Amazon Prime, or Hulu Plus; 43% of pay-TV subscribers also used Netflix, and 43% of adults used some streaming video on demand service at least monthly. Additionally, 19% of Netflix subscribers shared their subscription with people outside of their households. Ten percent of adults at the time showed interest in HBO Now.[38]
Use
Social networking
Some Smart TV platforms come prepackaged or can be optionally extended, with social networking technology capabilities. The addition of social networking synchronization to Smart TV and HTPC platforms may provide an interaction both with on-screen content and with other viewers than is currently available to most televisions, while simultaneously providing a much more cinematic experience of the content than is currently available with most computers.[39]
Advertising
Some Smart TV platforms also support interactive advertising (companion ads), addressable advertising with local advertising insertion and targeted advertising,[40] and other advanced advertising features such as ad telescoping[41] using VOD and DVR, enhanced TV for consumer call-to-action, and audience measurement solutions for ad campaign effectiveness.[42][43] The marketing and trading possibilities offered by Smart TVs are sometimes summarized by the term t-commerce. Taken together, this bidirectional data flow means Smart TVs can be and are used for clandestine observation of the owners. Even in sets that are not configured off-the-shelf to do so, default security measures are often weak and will allow hackers to easily break into the TV.[44]
2019 research, "Watching You Watch: The Tracking Ecosystem of Over-the-Top TV Streaming Devices", conducted at Princeton and University of Chicago, demonstrated that a majority of streaming devices will covertly collect and transmit personal user data, including captured screen images, to a wide network of advertising and analytics companies, raising privacy concerns.[45]
Digital marketing research firm eMarketer reported a 38 percent surge – to close to $7 billion, a 10 percent television advertising market share – in advertising on connected TV like Hulu and Roku, to be underway in 2019, with market indicators that the figure would surpass $10 billion in 2021.[46][47]
Security
There is evidence that a Smart TV is vulnerable to attacks. Some serious security bugs have been discovered, and some successful attempts to run malicious code to get unauthorized access were documented on video. There is evidence that it is possible to gain root access to the device, install malicious software, access and modify configuration information for a remote control, remotely access and modify files on TV and attached USB drives, access camera and microphone.[48]
There have also been concerns that hackers may be able to remotely turn on the microphone or webcam on a smart TV, being able to eavesdrop on private conversations. A common loop antenna may be set for a bidirectional transmission channel, capable of uploading data rather than only receiving. Since 2012, security researchers discovered a similar vulnerability present in more series of Smart TVs, which allows hackers to get an external root access on the device.[49]
Anticipating growing demand for an antivirus for a Smart TV, some security software companies are already working with partners in the digital TV field on the solution. It seems like there is only one antivirus for Smart TVs available: "Neptune", a cloud-based antimalware system developed by Ocean Blue Software in partnership with Sophos. However, antivirus company Avira has joined forces with digital TV testing company Labwise to work on software to protect against potential attacks.[50] The privacy policy for Samsung's Smart TVs has been called Orwellian (a reference to George Orwell and the dystopian world of constant surveillance he depicted in 1984), and compared to Telescreens because of eavesdropping concerns.[51][52]
Hackers have misused Smart TV's abilities such as operating source codes for applications and its unsecured connection to the Internet. Passwords, IP address data, and credit card information can be accessed by hackers and even companies for advertisement. A company caught in the act is Vizio.[citation needed] The confidential documents, codenamed Vault 7 and dated from 2013 to 2016, include details on CIA's software capabilities, such as the ability to compromise Smart TVs.[53]
Restriction of access
Internet websites can block Smart TV access to content at will or tailor the content that will be received by each platform.[54] Google TV-enabled devices were blocked by NBC, ABC, CBS, and Hulu from accessing their Web content since the launch of Google TV in October 2010. Google TV devices were also blocked from accessing any programs offered by Viacom’s subsidiaries.[55]
Reliability
In 2017, high-end Samsung Smart TVs stopped working for at least seven days after a software update.[56] Application providers are rarely upgrading Smart TV apps to the latest version; for example, Netflix does not support older TV versions with new Netflix upgrades.[57]
See also
- 10-foot user interface
- Automatic content recognition
- Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA)
- Digital media player
- Home automation
- Home theater PC
- Hotel television systems
- Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV
- Interactive television
- Internet of things
- List of mobile app distribution platforms
- List of smart TV platforms
- Over-the-top media service (OTT)
- PC-on-a-stick
- Second screen
- Smartphone
- Space shifting
- Smart speaker
- Telescreen
- Tivoization
- TV Genius
- Video on demand
References
- ^ a b Steve Kovach (December 8, 2010). "What Is A Smart TV?". Businessinsider.com. Archived from the original on November 30, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- ^ Jeremy Toeman 41 (October 20, 2010). "Why Connected TVs Will Be About the Content, Not the Apps". Mashable.com. Archived from the original on September 24, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Internet TV and The Death of Cable TV, really". Techcrunch.com. October 24, 2010. Archived from the original on November 14, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- ^ "Smart TV competition heats up market". Asianewsnet.net. Archived from the original on April 7, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Smart TV Shower Opens Smart Life". Koreaittimes.com. October 7, 2010. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- ^ Chacksfield, Marc (May 12, 2010). "Intel: Smart TV revolution 'biggest since move to colour' – The wonders of widgets?". Techradar.com. Archived from the original on January 2, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- ^ "Google, With Intel and Sony, Unveils Software for 'Smart' TVs". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. May 20, 2010. Archived from the original on May 23, 2010. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- ^ Katzmaier, David (September 8, 2010). "Poll: Smart TV or dumb monitor?". News.cnet.com. Archived from the original on February 19, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
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External links
Media related to Smart TV at Wikimedia Commons