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Coordinates: 62°50′43″N 23°29′17″E / 62.8453°N 23.4881°E / 62.8453; 23.4881
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someone got the commander-in-chief confused.
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| combatant1 = {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg|border=no|22px}} [[Sweden]]
| combatant1 = {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg|border=no|22px}} [[Sweden]]
| combatant2 = {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} [[Russian Empire]]
| combatant2 = {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} [[Russian Empire]]
| commander1 = {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg|border=no|22px}} [[Carl Johan Adlercreutz]]
| commander1 = {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg|border=no|22px}} [[Wilhelm Mauritz Klingspor]] <br> {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg|border=no|22px}} [[Carl Johan Adlercreutz]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} [[Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} [[Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky]]
| strength1 = ''Swedish sources'':<br>4,700{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}–5,000<ref name="Pekka Visuri">[http://www.1808.fi/tapahtuma/taistelut.html Pekka Visuri. RUONAN JA SALMEN TAISTELU 1.-2.9.1808]</ref><br><br>''Russian sources'':<br>7,000 [[Regular military|regulars]]<br>5,000 [[militia]]<br>30 guns<ref name=":0">КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Retrieved: 07.05.2023</ref>
| strength1 = ''Swedish sources'':<br>4,700{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}–5,000<ref name="Pekka Visuri">[http://www.1808.fi/tapahtuma/taistelut.html Pekka Visuri. RUONAN JA SALMEN TAISTELU 1.-2.9.1808]</ref><br><br>''Russian sources'':<br>7,000 [[Regular military|regulars]]<br>5,000 [[militia]]<br>30 guns<ref name=":0">[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808] // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023</ref>
| strength2 = ''Russian sources'':<br>11,000 in total<ref name=":0">КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Retrieved: 07.05.2023</ref><br>7,000 engaged<ref>Куортане // Sytin Military Encyclopedia. Vol. 14: "Круковский — Линта", pp. 399—400</ref><br>58 guns<ref name=":0">КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Retrieved: 07.05.2023</ref>
| strength2 = ''Russian sources'':<br>11,000,<ref name=":0">[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808] // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023</ref> of which<br>7,000 engaged<ref>Куортане // Sytin Military Encyclopedia. Vol. 14: "Круковский — Линта", pp. 399—400</ref><br>58 guns<ref name=":0">[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808] // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023</ref>
| casualties1 = ''Swedish sources'':<br>170 killed<br>400 wounded<br>110 captured<ref name="Pekka Visuri"/>{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}<br><br>''Russian sources'':<br>1,500 killed or wounded<ref name=":0">КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Retrieved: 07.05.2023</ref>
| casualties1 = ''Swedish sources'':<br>170 killed<br>400 wounded<br>110 captured<ref name="Pekka Visuri"/>{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}<br><br>''Russian sources'':<br>1,500 killed or wounded<ref name=":0">[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808] // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023</ref>
| casualties2 = ''Russian sources'':<br>845{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}–850<ref name=":0">КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Retrieved: 07.05.2023</ref> killed, wounded or captured
| casualties2 = ''Russian sources'':<br>845{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}–850<ref name=":0">[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808] // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023</ref> killed, wounded or captured
}}
}}
{{Campaignbox Finnish War}}
{{Campaignbox Finnish War}}
The '''battle of Ruona–Salmi''' or the '''battle of Kuortane'''<ref name=":0">КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Retrieved: 07.05.2023</ref> was fought between Swedish and Russian troops on 1–2 September 1808 at Ruona and Salmi, [[Kuortane]]. The Swedish army was led by [[Carl Johan Adlercreutz]] with 4,700–5,000 men under his command (by Swedish sources; according to Russian sources, 7,000 regular soldiers and 5,000 citizens) against the Russian army of 11,000 men under the command of [[Nikolay Kamensky]]. The battle turned up to be a major engagement in the war where fierce artillery fire occurred from both sides. Kamensky, advancing from Alanus, beat back the Swedish barriers and on 31 August approached the Swedish army's position near Kuortane.<ref name=":0" /> The Swedes, who were in a well-fortified position, retreated after a while with a loss of 170 killed, 400 wounded and 110 captured according to Adlercreutz, in addition several hundred men had fallen ill. The Russians lost 128 killed, 648 wounded and 51 captured (excluding 18 officers) according to their own estimates. This battle is considered one of the turning points in the [[Finnish War]] along with the [[battle of Oravais]].<ref name="Pekka Visuri"/>{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}
The '''battle of Ruona–Salmi''' or the '''battle of Kuortane'''<ref name=":0">[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808] // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023</ref> was fought between Swedish and Russian troops on 1–2 September 1808 at Ruona and Salmi, [[Kuortane]]. The Swedish army was led by [[Wilhelm Mauritz Klingspor]] with 4,700–5,000 men under his command (by Swedish sources; according to Russian sources, 7,000 [[Regular army|regular]] soldiers and 5,000 [[Irregular military|irregular]]) against the Russian army of 11,000 men under the command of [[Nikolay Kamensky]]. The battle turned up to be a major engagement in the war where fierce artillery fire occurred from both sides. Kamensky, advancing from Alanus, beat back the Swedish barriers and on 31 August approached the Swedish army's position near Kuortane.<ref name=":0" />

Kamensky, having sent [[Detachment (military)|detachments]] under the command of [[Colonel]] Vlastov and [[Major general]] Kazachkovsky to bypass the flanks of the enemy, attacked the Swedish troops from the front by the [[vanguard]] of Russian troops under the command of Colonel [[Yakov Kulnev|Kulnev]], and then the detachment of Major-General [[Nikolay Raevsky|Raevsky]] on September 1. Despite the fierce and stubborn fight, which was held with varying success, the Swedes could not be pushed out from their positions. Meanwhile, detachments of Vlastov and Kazachkovsky bypassed the Swedish position and [[Wilhelm Mauritz Klingspor|Klingspor]], fearing being surrounded, in the night of September 2nd retreated to the rear of Salmi village. In the morning Kulnev's 4,000 strong detachment defeated the Swedish [[rearguard]] and attacked the main Swedish positions from the front, while Kazaczkowski's detachment attacked from the rear. The enemy, pursued by Russian [[Hussar|hussars]], retreated in disarray to the north-west towards the town of [[Vaasa]], unable to withstand the assault.<ref name=":0" />

The Swedes, who were in a well-fortified position, lost 170 killed, 400 wounded and 110 captured according to Adlercreutz, in addition several hundred men had fallen ill. Russian assessment suggests that Swedes lost up to 1,500 men. The Russians lost 128 killed, 648 wounded and 51 captured (excluding 18 officers) according to their own estimates. This battle is considered one of the turning points in the [[Finnish War]] along with the [[battle of Oravais]].<ref name="Pekka Visuri" />{{sfn|Hornborg|1955|pp=150–151}}


==Citations and sources==
==Citations and sources==
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*{{cite book|title=När riket sprängdes: fälttågen i Finland och Västerbotten, 1808-1809 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNPRAAAAMAAJ |first=Eirik |last=Hornborg |language=sv |year=1955|publisher=P. A. Norstedts och Söners Förlag |location=[[Stockholm]]}}
*{{cite book|title=När riket sprängdes: fälttågen i Finland och Västerbotten, 1808-1809 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNPRAAAAMAAJ |first=Eirik |last=Hornborg |language=sv |year=1955|publisher=P. A. Norstedts och Söners Förlag |location=[[Stockholm]]}}
* "Куортане". ''Military Encyclopedia:'' ''In 18 Volumes''. 1911–1915.
* "Куортане". ''Military Encyclopedia:'' ''In 18 Volumes''. 1911–1915.
*"[https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2122287 Куортанское сражение 1808]". ''Great Russian Encyclopedia:'' ''In 36 Volumes''. Moscow. 2016–{{present-day|3=22 April 2023}}(soft copy).


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{{coord|62.8453|N|23.4881|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}

Revision as of 08:10, 8 May 2023

Battle of Ruona–Salmi
Part of the Finnish War

Adlercreutz i striden vid Salmi, by Nils Kreuger
Date1–2 September 1808
Location
Rouna and Salmi, Kuortane, Finland
Result Swedish victory at Ruona[citation needed]
Russian victory at Salmi
Belligerents
Sweden Russian Empire Russian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Wilhelm Mauritz Klingspor
Carl Johan Adlercreutz		 Russian Empire Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky
Strength
Swedish sources:
4,700[1]–5,000[2]

Russian sources:
7,000 regulars
5,000 militia
30 guns[3]		 Russian sources:
11,000,[3] of which
7,000 engaged[4]
58 guns[3]
Casualties and losses
Swedish sources:
170 killed
400 wounded
110 captured[2][1]

Russian sources:
1,500 killed or wounded[3]		 Russian sources:
845[1]–850[3] killed, wounded or captured

The battle of Ruona–Salmi or the battle of Kuortane[3] was fought between Swedish and Russian troops on 1–2 September 1808 at Ruona and Salmi, Kuortane. The Swedish army was led by Wilhelm Mauritz Klingspor with 4,700–5,000 men under his command (by Swedish sources; according to Russian sources, 7,000 regular soldiers and 5,000 irregular) against the Russian army of 11,000 men under the command of Nikolay Kamensky. The battle turned up to be a major engagement in the war where fierce artillery fire occurred from both sides. Kamensky, advancing from Alanus, beat back the Swedish barriers and on 31 August approached the Swedish army's position near Kuortane.[3]

Kamensky, having sent detachments under the command of Colonel Vlastov and Major general Kazachkovsky to bypass the flanks of the enemy, attacked the Swedish troops from the front by the vanguard of Russian troops under the command of Colonel Kulnev, and then the detachment of Major-General Raevsky on September 1. Despite the fierce and stubborn fight, which was held with varying success, the Swedes could not be pushed out from their positions. Meanwhile, detachments of Vlastov and Kazachkovsky bypassed the Swedish position and Klingspor, fearing being surrounded, in the night of September 2nd retreated to the rear of Salmi village. In the morning Kulnev's 4,000 strong detachment defeated the Swedish rearguard and attacked the main Swedish positions from the front, while Kazaczkowski's detachment attacked from the rear. The enemy, pursued by Russian hussars, retreated in disarray to the north-west towards the town of Vaasa, unable to withstand the assault.[3]

The Swedes, who were in a well-fortified position, lost 170 killed, 400 wounded and 110 captured according to Adlercreutz, in addition several hundred men had fallen ill. Russian assessment suggests that Swedes lost up to 1,500 men. The Russians lost 128 killed, 648 wounded and 51 captured (excluding 18 officers) according to their own estimates. This battle is considered one of the turning points in the Finnish War along with the battle of Oravais.[2][1]

Citations and sources

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d Hornborg 1955, pp. 150–151.
  2. ^ a b c Pekka Visuri. RUONAN JA SALMEN TAISTELU 1.-2.9.1808
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h КУОРТАНСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1808 // Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version (2016); Retrieved 07.05.2023
  4. ^ Куортане // Sytin Military Encyclopedia. Vol. 14: "Круковский — Линта", pp. 399—400

Sources

  • Hornborg, Eirik (1955). När riket sprängdes: fälttågen i Finland och Västerbotten, 1808-1809 (in Swedish). Stockholm: P. A. Norstedts och Söners Förlag.
  • "Куортане". Military Encyclopedia: In 18 Volumes. 1911–1915.

62°50′43″N 23°29′17″E / 62.8453°N 23.4881°E / 62.8453; 23.4881

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