Jump to content

Brest tramway: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
5,142,069 edits
Alter: template type. Add: title. Changed bare reference to CS1/2. Removed Template redirect. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_webform 15/87
No edit summary
Line 45: Line 45:


On October 4, 2012, ''Tramways & Urban Transit'' magazine named the Brest tram the second "best international tram project of the year" tied with the [[Casablanca Tramway|Casablanca]] and [[Zaragoza tram|Zaragoza]] tramways at the Light Rail Awards.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2013-02-15|title=A Brest, le tramway redessine toute la ville|url=https://www.lemoniteur.fr/article/a-brest-le-tramway-redessine-toute-la-ville.575614|website=Le Moniteur|language=fr}}</ref>
On October 4, 2012, ''Tramways & Urban Transit'' magazine named the Brest tram the second "best international tram project of the year" tied with the [[Casablanca Tramway|Casablanca]] and [[Zaragoza tram|Zaragoza]] tramways at the Light Rail Awards.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2013-02-15|title=A Brest, le tramway redessine toute la ville|url=https://www.lemoniteur.fr/article/a-brest-le-tramway-redessine-toute-la-ville.575614|website=Le Moniteur|language=fr}}</ref>

== Cost ==
The cost of the project was estimated at <abbr>€</abbr>290 million euros in July 2006, distributed as follows:<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100326134212/http://www.brest.fr/cadre-de-vie-deplacements/se-deplacer/le-futur-tramway.html</ref>

* Engineering services and project management: <abbr>€</abbr>60 <abbr>million</abbr>
* construction of the maintenance center: <abbr>€</abbr>15 <abbr>million</abbr>
* purchase of rolling stock: <abbr>€</abbr>55 <abbr>million</abbr>
* construction of engineering structures: <abbr>€1</abbr>0 <abbr>million</abbr>
* construction of track and equipment infrastructure: <abbr>€</abbr>158 <abbr>million</abbr>

In 2010, the cost increased to <abbr>€</abbr>338 million,<ref>{{citeweb|url=https://www.lemoniteur.fr/article/le-chiffre-338-millions-le-cout-de-construction-du-tramway-de-brest.557109|title=LE CHIFFRE 338 millions le coût de construction du tramway de Brest|date=October 2, 2009}}</ref> and eventually to <abbr>€</abbr>383 million in 2012.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150329111429/http://www.mobilicites.com/011-1483-Un-tramway-pour-redessiner-la-ville-de-Brest.html</ref>


==Rolling stock==
==Rolling stock==


The line is operated with 20 [[Alstom Citadis]] trams, which were jointly purchased with the [[Dijon tramway]] to reduce cost.
The line is operated with 20 [[Alstom Citadis]] trams, which were jointly purchased with the [[Dijon tramway]] to reduce cost.

== Trilingualism ==
The network has the distinct trait among French trams of being trilingual; French, English and [[Breton language|Breton]]. This trilingualism is found in audio announcements, card headers, station names, timetables, ticket distributors and various technical information on board trains.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Quelle place pour le breton ?|url=https://actu.fr/bretagne/brest_29019/quelle-place-pour-le-breton_4907893.html|access-date=2021-11-11|website=actu.fr|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-05-25|title=Noms des stations du tramway. «Un enjeu» selon l'UDB|url=https://www.letelegramme.fr/local/finistere-nord/brest/ville/noms-des-stations-du-tramway-un-enjeu-selon-l-udb-25-05-2011-1313314.php|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Le Telegramme|language=fr}}</ref>

However, the associations for the promotion of the Breton culture such as the Aï'ta and Sked argued that the Brest metropolis has not kept its commitments, particularly with regard to audio announcements, whose versions in Breton are rarely broadcast or only at the terminuses.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Actualité Brest - Finistère 29 - Bretagne|url=https://www.letelegramme.fr/finistere/brest/|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Le Télégramme|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-06-24|title=Pas assez de breton dans le tram. Aïta interpelle les élus de BMO|url=https://www.letelegramme.fr/local/finistere-nord/brest/ville/pas-assez-de-breton-dans-le-tram-aita-interpelle-les-elus-de-bmo-24-06-2013-2147701.php|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Le Telegramme|language=fr}}</ref>


== Stations ==
== Stations ==
Line 194: Line 210:
[[Category:Tram transport in France]]
[[Category:Tram transport in France]]
[[Category:Town tramway systems by city|Brest]]
[[Category:Town tramway systems by city|Brest]]

{{France-transport-stub}}
{{France-rail-transport-stub}}
{{Europe-tram-stub}}

Revision as of 22:00, 21 December 2021

Brest tramway
Overview
Native nameTramway de Brest
LocaleBrest, Brittany, France
Transit typeTram
Number of lines1 (2 branches)
Number of stations28
Annual ridership10.50 million (2018)[1]
Operation
Began operation23 June 2012[1]
Operator(s)Keolis[2]
Technical
System length14.3 km (8.9 mi)
System map
Map of Brest tramway

The Brest tramway (French: Tramway de Brest) located in Brest, Brittany, France consists of a 28-stop, two-branch, 14.3-kilometre (8.9 mi) line connecting Porte de Plouzané in the west with Porte de Gouesnou and Porte de Guipavas northeast of the city centre. The end-to-end journey takes 38 minutes. The system began service on 23 June 2012.[3] It is expected to serve 50,000 passengers per day.[2] It is the successor to a tram network that operated in Brest from 1898 to 1944.

History

The old tram of Brest, around 1907

Old tram of Brest

In 1898 the first line of the Brest tram opened. The network was in operation until the city was bombed in 1944.[4] In 1947, it was replaced by trolleybuses, which operated on three lines, with 30 vehicles. From 1963, diesel-powered buses were purchased to modernize the vehicle fleet. From 1965, one-man operation was introduced on the buses, while the trolleybuses still had to be manned by two drivers. For reasons of personnel savings, the trolleybus operation was therefore discontinued on November 9, 1970.[5]

Revival plan

In 1984 the Urban Community of Brest (CUB), then chaired by Georges Lombard, evokes the return of the tram as part of the development of its urban transport plan. A study is financed by a state subsidy the following year. On December 19, 1988, the Community Council of the CUB unanimously votes to create a two-line network.[6] Next year, newly elected mayor of Brest becomes president of the CUB, and Pierre Maille takes over the file. On October 1, 1989 the urban community decides to complete the technical and financial studies leading to a project of two lines with a total length of 13.5 km. However, in 1990, more than 80% of the population have voted against the project in a referendum, which buried the project until the following decade.[7]

In the municipal elections of 2001, François Cuillandre, who succeeded Pierre Maille as mayor of Brest, becomes also the president of the CUB and launches studies concerning a new tramway project.[6] His new project intended to complement the North-South TCSP on a commercial axis of 8 km long, plus 2 km of service roads.[7] By the end of 2002, the project was subsidized at 30%, the first consultations and preliminary studies were launched, and back then the start of work was set to be in 2010. Next year, the start of work was set to start in 2009.[8][9] In November 2003, when the preliminary consultation was coming to an end, the mayor of Brest announced that the line would link the Technopôle Brest-Iroise to the Kergaradec business park, serving the streets of Siam and Jean-Jaurès.[10] It was also announced the transport payment, then set at 1.05%, one of the lowest in France, will be gradually reassessed in order to finance the line; it reached the rate of 1.65% in 2007.[11][7]

In 2006 a new step was taken with the creation of SemTram, the mixed economy company which will be responsible for the project management of the line. The SemTram is a group of companies made up of the SEM companies of the TCSP (SEM of public transport on its own site of the urban community of Brest ) and Egis Rail. The SEM of the TCSP is a local mixed economy company with a capital of 150 k € , created inApril 2006 on deliberation of December 16, 2005, which aims to ensure the project management of the work of the first tram line in Brest. It brings together seven partners who are: Brest Métropole Océane (53%), Caisse des dépôts et consignations (15%), Departmental Council of Finistère (10%), Brest CCI Brest (7%), Crédit Agricole du Finistère (5%), Caisse interfédérale de Crédit mutuel (5%), and Caisse d’épargne de Bretagne (5%).[12]

In February 2007, the community council of Brest Métropole Océane voted to build the Froutven branch at the same time as the rest of the line, bringing its total length to nearly 14.5 km, for an amount estimated in July 2006 at 298 million euros.[13]

Completed in May 2007, the consultation presenting the project to the population made it possible to add two additional stations, one in the city center and one in Kergaradec, for a total of 27 stations. The additional facilities are also announced: four relay parksincluding one with 350 places under the Place de Strasbourg, the pedestrianization of the streets of Siam and Jean-Jaurès and the crossing of the Recouvrance bridge in an unmarked site with car traffic. The line will support the renovation of the Pontanézen district, the creation of new public facilities, such as the Brest Arena or the installation of major brands in Froutven such as IKEA.

Construction

Inauguration

The line was inaugurated at 11 am, on June 23, 2012, at the end of the Rue de Siam, in front of the Recouvrance bridge, in the presence of the mayor François Cuillandre and the president of the Brittany region Jean-Yves Le Drian, marking the start of two days of festivities including a giant parade and a flashmob on the evening of June 23.[14][15] The Bibus network was offered for free during the inaugural weekend as well as for the first day of operation.[16]

On October 4, 2012, Tramways & Urban Transit magazine named the Brest tram the second "best international tram project of the year" tied with the Casablanca and Zaragoza tramways at the Light Rail Awards.[17]

Cost

The cost of the project was estimated at €290 million euros in July 2006, distributed as follows:[18]

  • Engineering services and project management: €60 million
  • construction of the maintenance center: €15 million
  • purchase of rolling stock: €55 million
  • construction of engineering structures: €10 million
  • construction of track and equipment infrastructure: €158 million

In 2010, the cost increased to €338 million,[19] and eventually to €383 million in 2012.[20]

Rolling stock

The line is operated with 20 Alstom Citadis trams, which were jointly purchased with the Dijon tramway to reduce cost.

Trilingualism

The network has the distinct trait among French trams of being trilingual; French, English and Breton. This trilingualism is found in audio announcements, card headers, station names, timetables, ticket distributors and various technical information on board trains.[7][21][22]

However, the associations for the promotion of the Breton culture such as the Aï'ta and Sked argued that the Brest metropolis has not kept its commitments, particularly with regard to audio announcements, whose versions in Breton are rarely broadcast or only at the terminuses.[21][23][24]

Stations

Station Commune Correspondances
Porte de Plouzané Brest
Fort Montbarey Brest
Keranroux Brest
Coat Tan Brest
Vali Hir Brest
Polygone Brest
Dupuy de Lôme Brest
Les Capucins Brest
Saint-Exupéry Brest
Mac Orlan Brest
Recouvrance Brest
Château Brest
Siam Brest
Liberté Brest
Jean-Jaurès Brest
Saint-Martin Brest
Octroi Brest
Pilier Rouge Brest
Place de Strasbourg Brest
Menez Paul Brest
Europe Brest
Pontanézen Brest
Mesmerrien Brest
Kergaradec Brest
Porte de Gouesnou Gouesnou
Eau Blanche Brest
Kerlaurent Brest
Porte de Guipavas Guipavas

Network Map

Map


See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Rapport annuel 2018 sur le parc, le trafic et les événements d'exploitation des tramways" (PDF) (in French). STRMTG - Service Technique des Remontées Mécaniques et des Transports Guidés. 20 December 2019. p. 11. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Brest inaugure son tramway". L'Express (in French). 23 June 2012.
  3. ^ "Brest tramway opens". Railway Gazette International. 26 June 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
  4. ^ "Cuillandre : « Le chantier du tram se passe plutôt bien »". brest.maville.com (in French). Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  5. ^ Courant, René. (1982). Le temps des tramways. Michel Braun, André, ... Jacquot. Menton: Ed. du Cabri. ISBN 2-903310-22-X. OCLC 405630131.
  6. ^ a b "Accueil".
  7. ^ a b c d "Le Tram de Brest fête ses 1 an !". 25 June 2013. Archived from the original on 22 July 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  8. ^ "Brest lance les consultations pour son tramway" (in French). 9 December 2002. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ "Transports : les aggloméra tions maintiennent leurs projets OUEST BRETAGNE, PAYS DE LA LOIRE ET BASSE-NORMANDIE Disparité des projets de transport en commun en site propre" (in French). 7 November 2003. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  10. ^ "BREST Aménagement urbain Un tramway et un nouveau quartier" (in French). 21 November 2003. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ "BREST Augmenter le versement transport" (in French). 16 January 2004. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  12. ^ "Brest Le tramway sur les rails" (in French). 16 February 2006. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  13. ^ "Finistère Brest prépare son tramway" (in French). 24 May 2007. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  14. ^ "Brest, fière et émue, pour l'arrivée du tram". Ouest-France (in French). 23 June 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  15. ^ "Brest entre dans la danse pour sa fête du tram..." Ouest-France (in French). 16 June 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  16. ^ "Et c'est gratuit". Ouest-France (in French). 22 June 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  17. ^ "A Brest, le tramway redessine toute la ville". Le Moniteur (in French). 15 February 2013.
  18. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20100326134212/http://www.brest.fr/cadre-de-vie-deplacements/se-deplacer/le-futur-tramway.html
  19. ^ "LE CHIFFRE 338 millions le coût de construction du tramway de Brest". 2 October 2009.
  20. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20150329111429/http://www.mobilicites.com/011-1483-Un-tramway-pour-redessiner-la-ville-de-Brest.html
  21. ^ a b "Quelle place pour le breton ?". actu.fr (in French). Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  22. ^ "Noms des stations du tramway. «Un enjeu» selon l'UDB". Le Telegramme (in French). 25 May 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  23. ^ "Actualité Brest - Finistère 29 - Bretagne". Le Télégramme (in French). Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  24. ^ "Pas assez de breton dans le tram. Aïta interpelle les élus de BMO". Le Telegramme (in French). 24 June 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brest_tramway&oldid=1061466640"