Graeme Campbell (politician): Difference between revisions
m Removed link(s) to title (CW Error #48) (via Bandersnatch) |
Racism and Hate Speech. |
||
Line 1,332: | Line 1,332: | ||
{{Election box end}} |
{{Election box end}} |
||
== Racism allegations == |
|||
Australia First Party is {{as of|lc=yes|March 2019}} led by convicted criminal and neo-Nazi [[Jim Saleam]]. Saleam was a member of the short-lived [[National Socialist Party of Australia]] as a teenager during the early 1970s and the founder of the militant Australian [[white supremacist]] group [[National Action (Australia)|National Action]].<ref name=Saleam>{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/no-apology-for-white-australia-policy/2008/01/11/1199988590134.html |title=No Apology For White Australia Policy |last1=West|first1=Andrew|date=29 February 2004|work=Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=4 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=auslander>{{citation|title=I was a teenage fascist, pp.283,284,289|first=David|last=Greason|year=1994|publisher=McPhee Gribble}}</ref> |
|||
Australia First also endorsed independent candidate John Moffat, who was later criticised by B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation Commission chairman Michael Lipshutz, [[Electoral district of Cronulla|Cronulla]] Liberal MLA [[Malcolm Kerr (Australian politician)|Malcolm Kerr]] and [[Lebanese Muslim Association]] spokesman [[Jihad Dib]] for "[[incitement to ethnic or racial hatred|inciting racial hatred]]".<ref>{{cite web|last=Roberts|first=Greg|title=Cronulla candidate campaigns for race hatred|work=[[The Australian]]|date=5 January 2007|page=4|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/cronulla-candidate-campaigns-for-race-hatred/story-e6frg6nf-1111112783927|access-date=2011-05-18}}</ref> |
|||
On 10 July 2009, the ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'' reported that David Palmer, the [[Grand Wizard|Imperial Wizard]] of the ''[[Ku Klux Klan]]'' in Australia, said several Klan members had secretly joined Australia First. Palmer said Australia First had been identified as an [[Aryan race|Aryan]] party and would prove useful "in case the ethnics get out of hand and they need sorting out." The Australia First Party later endorsed former [[Grand Wizard]] of the Ku Klux Klan [[David Duke]] for the 2016 Louisiana election via [[Twitter]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Jensen|first=Erik|title=We have infiltrated party: KKK|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|publisher=[[Fairfax Media|Fairfax]]|format=reprint|date=10 July 2009|page=1|url=http://www.smh.com.au/national/we-have-infiltrated-party-kkk-20090709-der4.html|access-date=2009-07-10}}</ref> |
|||
In July 2010, it was reported that Australia First was distributing leaflets comparing Africans to monkeys, and "blaming Africans for the social problems in Sydney's west". Australia First denied responsibility for the leaflets, claiming that they had been distributed in an attempt to discredit the party.<ref>{{cite news|title=Racist leaflets not ours: Australia First |work=ABC Online |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |date=27 July 2010 |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/07/22/2961597.htm |access-date=2010-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725185249/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/07/22/2961597.htm|archive-date=25 July 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
The Australia First Party used [[Sinophobia]] and fear of [[African Australians]] in their campaign during the 2019 election.<ref name=af2019>{{cite web |website =Australia First Party |url= https://australiafirstparty.net/susan-jakobi-australia-first-party-for-lalor-in-2019/|title=Susan Jakobi, Australia First Party for Lalor in 2019|first=John|last=Hood|date=23 January 2019|access-date =14 May 2019}}</ref><ref>[https://scontent-syd2-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/60313404_10156694918377284_143455038717558784_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&_nc_ht=scontent-syd2-1.xx&oh=7b45272b980904a54419f217674182f6&oe=5D6F15EF Campaign poster for Lalor with caption "No China city in Werribee"]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
Revision as of 06:54, 15 December 2021
Graeme Campbell | |
---|---|
Member of the Australian Parliament for Kalgoorlie | |
In office 18 October 1980 – 3 October 1998 | |
Preceded by | Mick Cotter |
Succeeded by | Barry Haase |
Personal details | |
Born | Oxfordshire, England | 13 August 1939
Nationality | English Australian |
Political party | Labor (1980–95) Independent (1995–96, 2004-present) Australia First (1996–2001) One Nation (2001-2004) |
Spouse | Michele (née Lelievre) |
Occupation | Various |
Part of a series on |
Far-right politics in Australia |
---|
Graeme Campbell (born 13 August 1939) is an Australian far-right politician. Campbell represented the vast seat of Kalgoorlie in the Australian House of Representatives from 1980 to 1998 as a member of the Australian Labor Party.[1] Campbell later founded the extremist Australia First Party, before joining Pauline Hanson's One Nation.
Biography
Campbell was born in Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England,[1] and came to Australia as a child. He was educated at Urrbrae Agricultural High School in South Australia. In 1972, Campbell met his future wife, French-Australian Michele Lelievre, at a sheep station in the Nullarbor Plain.[2] Campbell worked in a range of occupations before entering federal parliament in October 1980 as the Labor member for Kalgoorlie.
Considered a maverick, he was an ardent supporter of the mining industry,[3] and crossed the floor on gold tax in 1988,[4] and was also a vocal critic of the Mabo decision[5] and sanctions on the apartheid regime in South Africa, and a proponent of uranium mining. In October 1993, and again in May 1995, he delivered a speech at the national seminar of the Australian League of Rights, a far-right group for which he was believed to hold sympathies,[6] and in by-elections in Mackellar and Warringah (safe Liberal seats on the Northern Beaches of Sydney) in 1994, he urged electors to vote for Australians Against Further Immigration (AAFI).[7]
After numerous run-ins with the Labor leadership and considerable media attention to his exploits, he was finally expelled from the party on 30 November 1995[8] after addressing an AAFI meeting where he criticised Labor's immigration policies. He continued to sit in parliament as an independent, and was reelected as an independent in the 1996 election,[9] when he only received 35% of the primary vote, but defeated the Labor candidate, former Deputy Premier of Western Australia Ian Taylor, on Liberal preferences.
In June 1996, Campbell founded the Australia First Party,[10] but was officially reckoned as an independent. He was defeated for reelection at the 1998 federal election[9] after being eliminated on the seventh count.[11] Campbell blamed his loss on Australia First being eclipsed by One Nation. In 2009, he claimed that, if not for the presence of a One Nation candidate, he would have picked up an additional 8.5% of the vote, which would have been enough to keep him in the race.[12]
He remained Australia First's leader until June 2001, when he left the party to stand (unsuccessfully) as a One Nation Senate candidate in Western Australia. In 2004, he attempted unsuccessfully to regain his old federal seat as an independent.[9] He stood for the Senate in Western Australia at the 2007 federal election as an independent, but only achieved 0.13% of the vote.[13]
Electoral performance
House
2004
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Barry Haase | 29,475 | 45.46 | +2.86 | |
Labor | Tom Stephens | 20,691 | 31.92 | -3.14 | |
Independent | Graeme Campbell | 6,654 | 10.26 | +10.26 | |
Greens | Kado Muir | 4,101 | 6.33 | +2.55 | |
One Nation | Robin Scott | 1,511 | 2.33 | -6.27 | |
Christian Democrats | Craig Hendry | 827 | 1.28 | +1.28 | |
Independent | Brendon Cook | 506 | 0.78 | +0.78 | |
Democrats | Don Hoddy | 496 | 0.77 | -2.75 | |
Citizens Electoral Council | Lorraine Thomas | 318 | 0.49 | +0.33 | |
Independent | Nabil Haji Rowland | 252 | 0.39 | +0.39 | |
Total formal votes | 64,831 | 94.66 | +0.26 | ||
Informal votes | 3,656 | 5.34 | −0.26 | ||
Turnout | 68,487 | 83.53 | −3.28 | ||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Liberal | Barry Haase | 36,502 | 56.30 | +1.96 | |
Labor | Tom Stephens | 28,329 | 43.70 | -1.96 | |
Liberal hold | Swing | +1.96 |
1998
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Barry Haase | 19,169 | 28.03 | +1.43 | |
Labor | Clark Butson | 18,890 | 27.62 | -6.11 | |
Australia First | Graeme Campbell | 15,585 | 22.79 | +22.79 | |
One Nation | Neville Smith | 5,737 | 8.39 | +8.39 | |
National | Kathy Finlayson | 4,088 | 5.98 | +4.78 | |
Greens | Robin Chapple | 2,899 | 4.24 | +0.51 | |
Democrats | Dean Richter | 1,367 | 2.00 | -0.18 | |
Christian Democrats | Laurie Sugg | 466 | 0.68 | +0.68 | |
Citizens Electoral Council | Ian Burt | 185 | 0.27 | +0.27 | |
Total formal votes | 68,386 | 95.35 | −1.87 | ||
Informal votes | 3,335 | 4.65 | +1.87 | ||
Turnout | 71,721 | 86.97 | −1.86 | ||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Liberal | Barry Haase | 35,632 | 52.10 | +52.10 | |
Labor | Clark Butson | 32,754 | 47.90 | +8.25 | |
Liberal gain from Independent | Swing | +52.10 |
1996
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Graeme Campbell | 21,895 | 35.13 | +35.13 | |
Labor | Ian Taylor | 21,648 | 34.73 | -19.63 | |
Liberal | Cedric Wyatt | 15,144 | 24.30 | -10.32 | |
Greens | Deborah Botica | 2,324 | 3.73 | -0.45 | |
Democrats | David Thackrah | 1,318 | 2.11 | -0.53 | |
Total formal votes | 62,329 | 97.23 | −0.19 | ||
Informal votes | 1,777 | 2.77 | +0.19 | ||
Turnout | 64,106 | 88.83 | −0.89 | ||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Independent | Graeme Campbell | 37,536 | 60.35 | +60.35 | |
Labor | Ian Taylor | 24,666 | 39.65 | -20.24 | |
Independent gain from Labor | Swing | +20.24 |
1993
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 35,187 | 54.36 | +4.88 | |
Liberal | Don Green | 22,406 | 34.61 | +2.42 | |
Greens | Robin Chapple | 2,702 | 4.17 | -2.14 | |
Independent | James O'Kenny | 2,001 | 3.09 | +3.09 | |
Democrats | Shyama Peebles | 1,713 | 2.65 | -5.37 | |
Natural Law | Byron Rigby | 723 | 1.12 | +1.12 | |
Total formal votes | 64,732 | 97.42 | +1.01 | ||
Informal votes | 1,713 | 2.58 | −1.01 | ||
Turnout | 66,445 | 89.72 | |||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 38,770 | 59.94 | -0.29 | |
Liberal | Don Green | 25,907 | 40.06 | +0.29 | |
Labor hold | Swing | -0.29 |
1990
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 29,883 | 49.5 | -4.9 | |
Liberal | Louie Carnicelli | 19,441 | 32.2 | -3.3 | |
Democrats | Vin Cooper | 4,839 | 8.0 | +3.6 | |
Greens | Robin Chapple | 3,815 | 6.3 | +6.3 | |
National | Dascia Weckert | 1,810 | 3.0 | -2.7 | |
Grey Power | Josh Sacino | 606 | 1.0 | +1.0 | |
Total formal votes | 60,394 | 96.4 | |||
Informal votes | 2,248 | 3.6 | |||
Turnout | 62,642 | 89.1 | |||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 36,326 | 60.2 | +1.7 | |
Liberal | Louie Carnicelli | 23,980 | 39.8 | -1.7 | |
Labor hold | Swing | +1.7 |
1987
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 30,841 | 52.6 | +1.3 | |
Liberal | David Johnston | 21,850 | 37.3 | -3.6 | |
National | Ron Smales | 3,363 | 5.7 | +5.7 | |
Democrats | Frank Chulung | 2,593 | 4.4 | +1.4 | |
Total formal votes | 58,647 | 93.8 | |||
Informal votes | 3,899 | 6.2 | |||
Turnout | 62,546 | 88.3 | |||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 33,223 | 56.7 | +0.7 | |
Liberal | David Johnston | 25,420 | 43.3 | -0.7 | |
Labor hold | Swing | +0.7 |
1984
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 27,903 | 51.3 | -3.8 | |
Liberal | Douglas Krepp | 22,241 | 40.9 | +1.9 | |
Nuclear Disarmament | David Nourish | 2,623 | 4.8 | +4.8 | |
Democrats | William Mason | 1,649 | 3.0 | +0.0 | |
Total formal votes | 54,416 | 92.4 | |||
Informal votes | 4,485 | 7.6 | |||
Turnout | 58,901 | 87.3 | |||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 30,476 | 56.0 | -2.0 | |
Liberal | Douglas Krepp | 23,940 | 44.0 | +2.0 | |
Labor hold | Swing | -2.0 |
1983
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 34,843 | 56.6 | +11.4 | |
Liberal | Douglas Krepp | 23,069 | 37.5 | -9.0 | |
Democrats | Blair Nancarrow | 1,856 | 3.0 | -5.3 | |
Independent | Joseph Boschetti | 1,778 | 2.9 | +2.9 | |
Total formal votes | 61,546 | 97.7 | |||
Informal votes | 1,459 | 2.3 | |||
Turnout | 63,005 | 86.0 | |||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 59.5 | +8.9 | ||
Liberal | Douglas Krepp | 40.5 | -8.9 | ||
Labor hold | Swing | +8.9 |
1980
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Mick Cotter | 26,562 | 46.5 | -1.8 | |
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 25,845 | 45.2 | +6.8 | |
Democrats | Trevor Butler | 4,723 | 8.3 | +2.0 | |
Total formal votes | 57,130 | 97.6 | |||
Informal votes | 1,419 | 2.4 | |||
Turnout | 58,549 | 87.7 | |||
Two-party-preferred result | |||||
Labor | Graeme Campbell | 28,889 | 50.6 | +8.1 | |
Liberal | Mick Cotter | 28,241 | 49.4 | -8.1 | |
Labor gain from Liberal | Swing | +8.1 |
Senate
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quota | 171,822 | ||||
Liberal | 1. David Johnston (elected 1) 2. Alan Eggleston (elected 3) 3. Michaelia Cash (elected 5) 4. Michael Mischin 5. Jane Mouritz 6. Matt Brown |
555,868 | 46.22 | -3.12 | |
Labor | 1. Louise Pratt (elected 2) 2. Mark Bishop (elected 4) 3. Ruth Webber |
433,046 | 36.00 | +3.48 | |
Greens | 1. Scott Ludlam (elected 6) 2. Alison Xamon 3. Brenda Roy |
111,813 | 9.30 | +1.24 | |
Christian Democrats | 1. Gerard Goiran 2. Peter Watt |
21,179 | 1.76 | -0.12 | |
National | 1. Tony Crook 2. Wendy Duncan |
17,365 | 1.44 | +0.58 | |
Democrats | 1. Erica Lewin 2. Rob Olver 3. Don Hoddy |
12,604 | 1.05 | -0.95 | |
One Nation | 1. James Hopkinson 2. Ron McLean |
11,623 | 0.97 | -1.48 | |
Democratic Labor | 1. Bob Boulger 2. Eric Miller |
11,390 | 0.95 | +0.95 | |
Family First | 1. Linda Rose 2. Cathie Fabian 3. Steve Fuhrmann |
10,341 | 0.86 | +0.01 | |
What Women Want | 1. Meryki Basden 2. Saywood Lane |
3,533 | 0.29 | +0.29 | |
Climate Change | 1. Gary Warden 2. Sarah Bishop |
3,461 | 0.29 | +0.29 | |
Group P | 1. Graeme Campbell 2. John Fischer 3. Russell Graham 4. Geoff Gibson |
1,621 | 0.13 | +0.13 | |
Carers Alliance | 1. Thomas Hoyer 2. Shirley Primeau |
1,571 | 0.13 | +0.13 | |
Climate Conservatives | 1. Gerard Kettle 2. Shirley Anton |
1,569 | 0.13 | +0.13 | |
Citizens Electoral Council | 1. Jean Robinson 2. Stuart Smith |
1,002 | 0.08 | -0.11 | |
Non-Custodial Parents | 1. Geoff Dixon 2. Mike Ward |
946 | 0.08 | -0.07 | |
Socialist Alliance | 1. Trent Hawkins 2. Julie Gray |
928 | 0.08 | +0.08 | |
Senator On-Line | 1. Daniel Mayer 2. Zoe Lamont |
824 | 0.07 | +0.07 | |
Group M | 1. Eric Wynne 2. Kevin Fitzgerald |
819 | 0.07 | +0.07 | |
Liberty & Democracy | 1. Peter Whelan 2. Daniel Parker |
591 | 0.05 | +0.05 | |
Independent | Richard McNaught | 291 | 0.02 | +0.02 | |
Group Q | 1. Jennifer Armstrong 2. Michael Tan |
271 | 0.02 | +0.02 | |
Independent | Edward Dabrowski | 94 | 0.01 | +0.01 | |
Total formal votes | 1,202,750 | 97.58 | +1.12 | ||
Informal votes | 29,797 | 2.42 | −1.12 | ||
Turnout | 1,232,547 | 93.86 | +0.20 |
Elected | # | Senator | Party | |
2001 | 1 | Alan Eggleston | Liberal | |
2001 | 2 | Mark Bishop | Labor | |
2001 | 3 | David Johnston | Liberal | |
2001 | 4 | Ruth Webber | Labor | |
2001 | 5 | Ross Lightfoot | Liberal | |
2001 | 6 | Andrew Murray | Democrats | |
1998 | ||||
1998 | 1 | Chris Ellison | Liberal | |
1998 | 2 | Peter Cook | Labor | |
1998 | 3 | Ian Campbell | Liberal | |
1998 | 4 | Chris Evans | Labor | |
1998 | 5 | Brian Greig | Democrats | |
1998 | 6 | Sue Knowles | Liberal |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quota | 157,933 | ||||
Liberal | 1. Alan Eggleston (elected 1) 2. David Johnston (elected 3) 3. Ross Lightfoot (elected 5) 4. Winston Crane 5. Kim Keogh 6. Nigel Hallett |
443,597 | 40.13 | +1.7 | |
Labor | 1. Mark Bishop (elected 2) 2. Ruth Webber (elected 4) 3. Mark Cuomo 4. Gavin Waugh |
377,547 | 34.15 | -0.4 | |
One Nation | 1. Graeme Campbell 2. Gerry Kenworthy 3. Marye Daniels 4. Peter David |
77,757 | 7.03 | -3.0 | |
Democrats | 1. Andrew Murray (elected 6) 2. Helen Hodgson 3. Damian Meyer |
64,773 | 5.86 | -0.5 | |
Greens | 1. Rachel Siewert 2. Lee Bell 3. Paul Smith 4. Jenna Zed |
64,736 | 5.86 | +0.2 | |
National | 1. Hendy Cowan 2. Margaret Day |
26,015 | 2.35 | +1.2 | |
Liberals for Forests | 1. Liz Davenport 2. Arthur Harris |
15,646 | 1.42 | +1.4 | |
Christian Democrats | 1. Justin Moseley 2. Kerry Watterson |
13,809 | 1.25 | +0.4 | |
Progressive Labour | 1. Eddie Hwang 2. Nicholas Chin |
7,667 | 0.69 | +0.7 | |
Group A | 1. Jim Dalton 2. Kate Dalton |
4,495 | 0.41 | +0.4 | |
Curtin Labor Alliance | 1. Adrian Bennett 2. June Bennett |
3,494 | 0.32 | +0.3 | |
Group B | 1. Geoff Taylor 2. Henry Sheil |
1,631 | 0.15 | +0.2 | |
Citizens Electoral Council | 1. Jean Robertson 2. John Watson |
1,243 | 0.11 | +0.0 | |
Unity | 1. Eddie Hwang 2. Nicholas Chin |
811 | 0.07 | -1.0 | |
Independent | Jennifer Lee | 804 | 0.07 | +0.1 | |
Taxi Operators | 1. Alan Bateson 2. Ramon Kennedy |
670 | 0.06 | +0.06 | |
Group K | 1. Frank Nesci 2. Renu Schneider |
532 | 0.05 | +0.05 | |
Group M | 1. Clarrie Isaacs 2. Daniel Watson |
302 | 0.03 | +0.03 | |
Total formal votes | 1,105,529 | 96.42 | −0.63 | ||
Informal votes | 41,025 | 3.58 | +0.63 | ||
Turnout | 1,146,554 | 95.04 | −0.78 |
Racism allegations
Australia First Party is as of March 2019[update] led by convicted criminal and neo-Nazi Jim Saleam. Saleam was a member of the short-lived National Socialist Party of Australia as a teenager during the early 1970s and the founder of the militant Australian white supremacist group National Action.[14][15]
Australia First also endorsed independent candidate John Moffat, who was later criticised by B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation Commission chairman Michael Lipshutz, Cronulla Liberal MLA Malcolm Kerr and Lebanese Muslim Association spokesman Jihad Dib for "inciting racial hatred".[16]
On 10 July 2009, the Sydney Morning Herald reported that David Palmer, the Imperial Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan in Australia, said several Klan members had secretly joined Australia First. Palmer said Australia First had been identified as an Aryan party and would prove useful "in case the ethnics get out of hand and they need sorting out." The Australia First Party later endorsed former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan David Duke for the 2016 Louisiana election via Twitter.[17]
In July 2010, it was reported that Australia First was distributing leaflets comparing Africans to monkeys, and "blaming Africans for the social problems in Sydney's west". Australia First denied responsibility for the leaflets, claiming that they had been distributed in an attempt to discredit the party.[18]
The Australia First Party used Sinophobia and fear of African Australians in their campaign during the 2019 election.[19][20]
References
- ^ a b "Biography for Campbell, Graeme". Parliament of Australia. August 2008. Archived from the original on 28 November 2012. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ "Finding love in the regions: 'A different set of rules apply'". 4 March 2018.
- ^ Catherine Menagh (2 October 1986). "Dust Makes the Wealth of Kalgoorlie and its Golden Mile". The Age.
- ^ "House of Representatives Official Hansard" (PDF). 9 December 1999. p. 37. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2009. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ^ Eric D. Butler (3 December 1993). "The Graeme Campbell Tragedy". On Target. Australian League of Rights. Archived from the original on 16 September 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ David Thompson (11 August 1995). "The Campbell Affair and the League of Rights". On Target. Australian League of Rights. Archived from the original on 16 September 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ James Jupp (2002). From white Australia to Woomera: the story of Australian immigration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-521-53140-5.
- ^ Scott Bennett (16 February 1999). "The Decline in Support for Australian Major Parties and the Prospect of Minority Government". Archived from the original on 13 July 2010. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ a b c Green, Antony (21 December 2007). "Kalgoorlie". Australia Votes 2007. ABC News. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ "The Eight Core Policies of the Australia First Party". 2005. Archived from the original on 12 June 2007. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ 1998 Western Australia election results
- ^ Destiny Magazine, Issue #6
- ^ ?Antony Green (2007). "Senate Results Western Australia". Federal Election 2007. ABC News. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ West, Andrew (29 February 2004). "No Apology For White Australia Policy". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
- ^ Greason, David (1994), I was a teenage fascist, pp.283,284,289, McPhee Gribble
- ^ Roberts, Greg (5 January 2007). "Cronulla candidate campaigns for race hatred". The Australian. p. 4. Retrieved 18 May 2011.
- ^ Jensen, Erik (10 July 2009). "We have infiltrated party: KKK" (reprint). The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax. p. 1. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ "Racist leaflets not ours: Australia First". ABC Online. ABC. 27 July 2010. Archived from the original on 25 July 2010. Retrieved 31 July 2010.
- ^ Hood, John (23 January 2019). "Susan Jakobi, Australia First Party for Lalor in 2019". Australia First Party. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- ^ Campaign poster for Lalor with caption "No China city in Werribee"[permanent dead link]
Bibliography
- Graeme Campbell and Mark Uhlmann. Australia Betrayed: How Australian democracy has been undermined and our naive trust betrayed, Foundation Press, Perth, 1995. ISBN 1-875778-02-0
- 1939 births
- Living people
- Pauline Hanson's One Nation politicians
- Independent members of the Parliament of Australia
- Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
- Members of the Australian House of Representatives
- Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Kalgoorlie
- English emigrants to Australia
- People from Abingdon-on-Thames
- Australia First Party members of the Parliament of Australia
- 20th-century Australian politicians