Clarence D. Lester: Difference between revisions
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==World War II== |
==World War II== |
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[[File:Pilots of the 332nd Fighter Group.jpg|thumb|332nd Fighter Group at Ramitelli, Italy., from left to right, Lt. [[Dempsey Morgan|Dempsey W. Morgan]], Lt. Carroll S. Woods, Lt. Robert H. Nelson, Jr., Capt. [[Andrew D. Turner]], and Lt. |
[[File:Pilots of the 332nd Fighter Group.jpg|thumb|332nd Fighter Group at Ramitelli, Italy., from left to right, Lt. [[Dempsey Morgan|Dempsey W. Morgan]], Lt. Carroll S. Woods, Lt. Robert H. Nelson, Jr., Capt. [[Andrew D. Turner]], and Lt. Clarence P. Lester. (U.S. Air Force photo)]] |
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The [[Tuskegee Airmen]] is the popular name of a group of [[African-American]] military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in [[World War II]]. They formed the [[332nd FG|332nd Fighter Group]] and the [[477th Fighter Group|477th Bombardment Group]] of the [[United States Army Air Forces]]. Lester recalled that "Being a black pilot in the 1940s was like being a pro athlete today ... We knew we were special, that we would have to prove something. This was the first chance blacks had had outside of working in the kitchen or the possibility [sic] of being a truck driver."<ref name= "Campbell p. ">{{harvnb|Campbell|1983|p=}}</ref> White pilots would fly around 50 combat missions but because there were no replacements, black pilots of the Tuskegee Airmen flew around 70 missions.<ref name= "Gubert-Sawyer-Fannin p. 198">{{harvnb|Gubert|Sawyer|Fannin|2002|p=198}}</ref> During the war he flew over 90 combat missions.<ref name= "Viera p. ">{{harvnb|Viera|2018|p=}}</ref> |
The [[Tuskegee Airmen]] is the popular name of a group of [[African-American]] military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in [[World War II]]. They formed the [[332nd FG|332nd Fighter Group]] and the [[477th Fighter Group|477th Bombardment Group]] of the [[United States Army Air Forces]]. Lester recalled that "Being a black pilot in the 1940s was like being a pro athlete today ... We knew we were special, that we would have to prove something. This was the first chance blacks had had outside of working in the kitchen or the possibility [sic] of being a truck driver."<ref name= "Campbell p. ">{{harvnb|Campbell|1983|p=}}</ref> White pilots would fly around 50 combat missions but because there were no replacements, black pilots of the Tuskegee Airmen flew around 70 missions.<ref name= "Gubert-Sawyer-Fannin p. 198">{{harvnb|Gubert|Sawyer|Fannin|2002|p=198}}</ref> During the war he flew over 90 combat missions.<ref name= "Viera p. ">{{harvnb|Viera|2018|p=}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 21:29, 26 November 2021
Clarence D. Lester | |
|---|---|
 Colonel Clarence Lester | |
| Nickname(s) | Lucky |
| Born | February 23, 1923 Richmond, Richmond City, Virginia, US |
| Died | March 17, 1986 (aged 63) Washington, District of Columbia, District Of Columbia, US |
| Buried | Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia, US |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Service | |
| Years of service | 1942-1969 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | 322nd Fighter Squadron Tuskegee Airmen |
| Battles / wars | World War II |
| Awards | Congressional Gold Medal awarded to the Tuskegee Airmen |
Clarence D. “Lucky” Lester (February 23, 1923 – March 17, 1986) was an American fighter pilot who served in the 332nd Fighter Group, commonly known as the Tuskegee Airmen, during World War II. He was one of the first African-American military aviators in the United States Army Air Corps, the United States Army Air Forces and later the United States Air Force.[1][2]
Lester best known as one of two Tuskegee pilots who shot down three Focke-Wulf Fw 190 or Messerschmitt Bf 109 on a single mission; the other pilot was Captain Joseph Elsberry.[3][4] Lester flew a P-51 Mustang nicknamed "Miss Pelt."[1] He and Elsberry are two of only four Tuskegee Airmen to have earned three aerial victories in a single day of combat.[5]
Early life, family, education
Lester was born on February 23, 1923 in Richmond, Virginia.[6] Raised in Chicago, Illinois, Lester attended West Virginia State College where he was a star football player.[7] On May 17, 1946, Lester was initiated as a fraternity brother of Kappa Alpha Psi, Iota chapter at the University of Chicago.[8]
World War II
The Tuskegee Airmen is the popular name of a group of African-American military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in World War II. They formed the 332nd Fighter Group and the 477th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces. Lester recalled that "Being a black pilot in the 1940s was like being a pro athlete today ... We knew we were special, that we would have to prove something. This was the first chance blacks had had outside of working in the kitchen or the possibility [sic] of being a truck driver."[9] White pilots would fly around 50 combat missions but because there were no replacements, black pilots of the Tuskegee Airmen flew around 70 missions.[10] During the war he flew over 90 combat missions.[11]
Overall, Lester was one of only nine Tuskegee Airmen pilots with at least three confirmed kills during World War II.
Awards
- Congressional Gold Medal awarded to the Tuskegee Airmen in 2006
After WWII
While flying an F-84E Thunderjet it experienced mechanical failure and exploded into flames forcing Lester to yank his ejection seat and parachute from the inflamed jet, which made him "only the sixth pilot ever to use the ejection method."[11] Later in his career he also worked with the infamous "Whiz kids" that Robert McNamara assembled at the Office of the Secretary of Defense.[10] In 1969 Lester retired as a full colonel and was then appointed as associate director of social services in Rockville, Maryland.[10]
Bibliography
Notes
- ^ a b Hardesty 2008
- ^ Homan & Reilly 2001, p. 136
- ^ Nalty 1989, p. 153
- ^ United States Air Force 2012
- ^ Tuskegee Airmen. "LEGACY - THE PEOPLE." https://tuskegeeairmen.org/legacy/the-people/
- ^ American Air Museum in Britain. "Clarence D Lester." http://www.americanairmuseum.com/person/241747
- ^ American Air Museum in Britain. "Clarence D Lester." http://www.americanairmuseum.com/person/241747
- ^ Watch the Yard. "Fly Nupes: Photos Of The Handsome And Daring Men Of Kappa Alpha Psi Who Served As Tuskegee Airmen." https://www.watchtheyard.com/kappas/tuskegee-airmen/14/
- ^ Campbell 1983
- ^ a b c Gubert, Sawyer & Fannin 2002, p. 198
- ^ a b Viera 2018
References
- Campbell, Crispin Y. (February 23, 1983). "Black Pilots Of '40s Charted New Horizons". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- Gubert, Betty Kaplan; Sawyer, Miriam; Fannin, Caroline M (2002). Distinguished African Americans in Aviation and Space Science. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9781573562461. - Total pages: 319
- Hardesty, Von (2008). Black Wings: Courageous Stories of African Americans in Aviation and Space History. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780061261381. - Total pages: 180
- Homan, Lynn; Reilly, Thomas (2001). Black Knights: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen. Pelican Publishing Company. ISBN 9781455601257. - Total pages: 336
- Nalty, Bernard C. (1989). Strength for the Fight: A History of Black Americans in the Military. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9780029224113. - Total pages: 424
- United States Air Force (February 8, 2012). "Tuskegee Airman gives account of 'lucky' day". United States Air Force. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- Viera, Bené (April 12, 2018). "This black fighter pilot broke all kinds of records. He doesn't even have a Wikipedia page". timeline.com. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- 1923 births
- 1986 deaths
- American World War II flying aces
- Aviators from Virginia
- People from Richmond, Virginia
- Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
- Recipients of the Air Medal
- Tuskegee Airmen
- United States Air Force officers
- United States Army Air Forces officers
- African-American aviators