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In 1942, he signed up for the U.S. government's [[Civilian Pilot Training Program]] (CPTP). After completing the CPTP, he entered basic training. Clark attended the Tuskegee Cadet Pilot program, graduating from its Single Engine Section Class SE-42-F on 3 July 1942 and receiving his wings and commission as a [[2nd Lieutenant]].<ref name=":1">{{cite book|last1=Horman|first1=Lynn|last2=Reilly|first2=Thomas|title=Black Knights: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen|publisher=[[Pelican Publishing]]|year=2001|isbn=9781455601257|page=68}}</ref> He was then assigned to the 332rd Fighter Group's [[99th Pursuit Squadron]].<ref name="Arkansas"/><ref name=training>{{cite journal | title=The World War II Training Experiences of the Tuskegee Airmen at Oscoda Army Air Field |first=David K. |last=Vaughan |journal=Air Power History |date=Winter 2016 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26276812 |page=39}}</ref> He participated in several missions around Sicily, including [[Pantelleria]] and [[Sciacca]].<ref name=":1" /> By 5 November 1943, he completed his first combat tour and returned to the United States.<ref>{{cite book|last=Stentiford|first=Barry|title=Tuskegee Airmen |location=Santa Barbara, California|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]], [[Greenwood Publishing]]|year=2012|isbn=9780313386848|page=74}}</ref><ref name=Caver>{{cite book|last1=Caver|first1=Joseph|last2=Ennels|first2=Jerome|last3=Haulman|first3=Daniel|publisher=[[NewSouth Books]]|title=The Tuskegee Airmen: An Illustrated History, 1939-1949|year=2011|isbn=9781588382443|url=https://archive.org/details/tuskegeeairmenil0000cave/page/178/mode/2up}}</ref>{{rp|165}} Along with other veterans of the 99th Squadron, he declined to return with the 332nd when it left for Italy on December 24, 1943; fellow veteran [[Charles W. Dryden]] attributed this to low morale in his memoir.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dryden |first=Charles W.|year=1997|title=A-Train: Memoirs of a Tuskegee Airman|publisher=University of Alabama Press|url=http://archive.org/details/atrainmemoirsoft0000dryd |access-date=2021-11-06|isbn=978-0-8173-0856-8}}</ref> Clark was stationed at [[Selfridge Air National Guard Base|Selfridge]], Michigan where he became a flight instructor for the [[553d Fighter-Bomber Squadron]].<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[Detroit Free Press]]|title=Fighter and Bombardment Units Readied for Action |at=photo caption|author=Jean Pearson|date=2 April 1944|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/87698544/complete/|access-date=25 October 2021}}</ref><ref name=training />
In 1942, he signed up for the U.S. government's [[Civilian Pilot Training Program]] (CPTP). After completing the CPTP, he entered basic training. Clark attended the Tuskegee Cadet Pilot program, graduating from its Single Engine Section Class SE-42-F on 3 July 1942 and receiving his wings and commission as a [[2nd Lieutenant]].<ref name=":1">{{cite book|last1=Horman|first1=Lynn|last2=Reilly|first2=Thomas|title=Black Knights: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen|publisher=[[Pelican Publishing]]|year=2001|isbn=9781455601257|page=68}}</ref> He was then assigned to the 332rd Fighter Group's [[99th Pursuit Squadron]].<ref name="Arkansas"/><ref name=training>{{cite journal | title=The World War II Training Experiences of the Tuskegee Airmen at Oscoda Army Air Field |first=David K. |last=Vaughan |journal=Air Power History |date=Winter 2016 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26276812 |page=39}}</ref> He participated in several missions around Sicily, including [[Pantelleria]] and [[Sciacca]].<ref name=":1" /> By 5 November 1943, he completed his first combat tour and returned to the United States.<ref>{{cite book|last=Stentiford|first=Barry|title=Tuskegee Airmen |location=Santa Barbara, California|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]], [[Greenwood Publishing]]|year=2012|isbn=9780313386848|page=74}}</ref><ref name=Caver>{{cite book|last1=Caver|first1=Joseph|last2=Ennels|first2=Jerome|last3=Haulman|first3=Daniel|publisher=[[NewSouth Books]]|title=The Tuskegee Airmen: An Illustrated History, 1939-1949|year=2011|isbn=9781588382443|url=https://archive.org/details/tuskegeeairmenil0000cave/page/178/mode/2up}}</ref>{{rp|165}} Along with other veterans of the 99th Squadron, he declined to return with the 332nd when it left for Italy on December 24, 1943; fellow veteran [[Charles W. Dryden]] attributed this to low morale in his memoir.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dryden |first=Charles W.|year=1997|title=A-Train: Memoirs of a Tuskegee Airman|publisher=University of Alabama Press|url=http://archive.org/details/atrainmemoirsoft0000dryd |access-date=2021-11-06|isbn=978-0-8173-0856-8}}</ref> Clark was stationed at [[Selfridge Air National Guard Base|Selfridge]], Michigan where he became a flight instructor for the [[553d Fighter-Bomber Squadron]].<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[Detroit Free Press]]|title=Fighter and Bombardment Units Readied for Action |at=photo caption|author=Jean Pearson|date=2 April 1944|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/87698544/complete/|access-date=25 October 2021}}</ref><ref name=training />


On August 16, 1944, Clark's aircraft was shot down by flak {{convert|1.5|mi}} north of [[Miane]], [[Italy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuskegee.edu/Content/Uploads/Tuskegee/files/332dFighterGroupMissingCrew.pdf|title=Table of 332D Fighter Group Reported Fighter Aircraft Losses According To Missing Air Crew Reports February 1944-April 1945|first=Dr. Daniel L.|last=Haulman|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency |page=2}}</ref> He evaded enemies for eight months with the [[Italian resistance movement|Italian resistance]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/TuskegeeAirmenChronology/page/n61/mode/2up|title=Tuskegee Airmen Chronology|last=Haulman|first=Dr. Daniel L.|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|page=61}}</ref> and on 4 May 1945 he returned to Allied lines.<ref name=Caver/>{{rp|178}} Clark retired with the rank of major.<ref name="Arkansas"/>
On August 16, 1944, Clark's aircraft was shot down by flak {{convert|1.5|mi}} north of [[Miane]], [[Italy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuskegee.edu/Content/Uploads/Tuskegee/files/332dFighterGroupMissingCrew.pdf|title=Table of 332D Fighter Group Reported Fighter Aircraft Losses According To Missing Air Crew Reports February 1944-April 1945|first=Dr. Daniel L.|last=Haulman|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency |page=2}}</ref> He evaded enemies for eight months with the [[Italian resistance movement|Italian resistance]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/TuskegeeAirmenChronology/page/n61/mode/2up|title=Tuskegee Airmen Chronology|last=Haulman|first=Dr. Daniel L.|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|page=61}}</ref> and on 4 May 1945 he returned to Allied lines.<ref name=Caver/>{{rp|178}} Clark retired with the rank of major.<ref name="Arkansas"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Missing Nine Months, Vet Pilot Turns Up |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/50340030/herbert-v-bud-clark-1945/ |access-date=9 November 2021 |work=[[Pittsburgh Courier]] |date=30 June 1945}}</ref>


==Awards==
==Awards==

Revision as of 00:40, 10 November 2021

Major

Herbert V. Clark
Herbert V. Clark - 1955
Birth nameHerbert V. Clark
Born(1919-03-16)March 16, 1919
Pine Bluff, Arkansas, US
DiedJanuary 25, 2003(2003-01-25) (aged 83)
Blacksburg, Virginia, US
AllegianceUnited States of America
Service/branch
Years of service1942–1955
RankMajor
Unit332nd Fighter Group
Awards

Herbert Vanallen Clark (March 16, 1919 – January 25, 2003) was a U.S. Army Air Force/U.S. Air Force officer, and combat fighter pilot with the all-African American 332nd Fighter Group, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen. In 1944, Clark's aircraft was shot down over Italy but he survived to rejoin his unit.

Early life, family

Clark was born on March 16, 1919, in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, Jefferson County, Arkansas.[1] His mother was a high school mathematics teacher and his father, Jeremiah Clark, was the pastor of the St. Paul's Baptist Church.[2]

Military career

In 1942, he signed up for the U.S. government's Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP). After completing the CPTP, he entered basic training. Clark attended the Tuskegee Cadet Pilot program, graduating from its Single Engine Section Class SE-42-F on 3 July 1942 and receiving his wings and commission as a 2nd Lieutenant.[3] He was then assigned to the 332rd Fighter Group's 99th Pursuit Squadron.[1][4] He participated in several missions around Sicily, including Pantelleria and Sciacca.[3] By 5 November 1943, he completed his first combat tour and returned to the United States.[5][6]: 165  Along with other veterans of the 99th Squadron, he declined to return with the 332nd when it left for Italy on December 24, 1943; fellow veteran Charles W. Dryden attributed this to low morale in his memoir.[7] Clark was stationed at Selfridge, Michigan where he became a flight instructor for the 553d Fighter-Bomber Squadron.[8][4]

On August 16, 1944, Clark's aircraft was shot down by flak 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Miane, Italy.[9] He evaded enemies for eight months with the Italian resistance,[10] and on 4 May 1945 he returned to Allied lines.[6]: 178  Clark retired with the rank of major.[1][11]

Awards

Death and influence

Clark died on January 25, 2003, at the age of 83. He was interred at the Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg, Virginia, Montgomery County, Virginia.[13] Henry Foster met Clark personally as a child, and cited him as an inspiration on his career.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Original Tuskegee Airmen". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Central Arkansas Library System. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
  2. ^ a b Foster, Henry W. (2003-07-28). Make a Difference: The Founder of the "I Have a Future Program" Shares His Vision for Young America. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-5985-9.
  3. ^ a b Horman, Lynn; Reilly, Thomas (2001). Black Knights: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen. Pelican Publishing. p. 68. ISBN 9781455601257.
  4. ^ a b Vaughan, David K. (Winter 2016). "The World War II Training Experiences of the Tuskegee Airmen at Oscoda Army Air Field". Air Power History: 39.
  5. ^ Stentiford, Barry (2012). Tuskegee Airmen. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Greenwood Publishing. p. 74. ISBN 9780313386848.
  6. ^ a b Caver, Joseph; Ennels, Jerome; Haulman, Daniel (2011). The Tuskegee Airmen: An Illustrated History, 1939-1949. NewSouth Books. ISBN 9781588382443.
  7. ^ Dryden, Charles W. (1997). A-Train: Memoirs of a Tuskegee Airman. University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-0856-8. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
  8. ^ Jean Pearson (2 April 1944). "Fighter and Bombardment Units Readied for Action". Detroit Free Press. photo caption. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  9. ^ Haulman, Dr. Daniel L. "Table of 332D Fighter Group Reported Fighter Aircraft Losses According To Missing Air Crew Reports February 1944-April 1945" (PDF). Air Force Historical Research Agency. p. 2.
  10. ^ Haulman, Dr. Daniel L. "Tuskegee Airmen Chronology". Air Force Historical Research Agency. p. 61.
  11. ^ "Missing Nine Months, Vet Pilot Turns Up". Pittsburgh Courier. 30 June 1945. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
  12. ^ "Public Law 109–213—APR. 11, 2006 Congressional Gold Medal to the Tuskegee Airmen" (PDF). Congress.gov. US Library of Congress. 11 April 2006. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
  13. ^ "Westview Cemetery Blacksburg Virginia". Town of Blacksburg, VA. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
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