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Ore Mountain Mining Region: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 50°24′23.5″N 12°50′14.44″E / 50.406528°N 12.8373444°E / 50.406528; 12.8373444
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== History ==
== History ==


From the first discovery of [[silver ore]] in 1168 in [[Christiansdorf (Freiberg)|Christiansdorf]] in the territory of the present-day borough of [[Freiberg, Saxony|Freiberg]], which is part of the [[Freiberg Mining Field]], mining was carried out uninterruptedly in the Ore Mountains until 1990.<ref name = "icomos"/> During that time, several different metals were extracted from the region. [[Silver]] was the first metal mined in the region (particualrly around [[Freiberg]]), and the region was a world-leading producer of silver ore during the 14th through 16th centuries.<ref name = "icomos"/><ref name = "unesco"/> On the [[Bohemia|Bohemian]] side of the mountains, [[Krupka]] grew into a prominant mining town, extracting silver, [[tin]], and later [[iron]], [[lead]], [[copper]], and [[Mercury (element)|mercury]]. <ref name = "icomos"/> After the superficial deposits of silver and tin began to decline in the 16th century, the region became famous as ta world producer of [[cobalt]], a status it maintained until the mid-18th century.<ref name = "unesco"/> Finally, [[anthracite]] and [[uranium]] were extracted in the 19th and 20th century ,and were engines for the economic development of Saxony.<ref name = "icomos" /> Today deposits of [[indium]], [[tungsten]], tin and [[lithium]] are being investigated for their economic potential.
From the first discovery of [[silver ore]] in 1168 in [[Christiansdorf (Freiberg)|Christiansdorf]] in the territory of the present-day borough of [[Freiberg, Saxony|Freiberg]], which is part of the [[Freiberg Mining Field]], mining was carried out uninterruptedly in the Ore Mountains until 1990.<ref name = "icomos"/> During that time, several different metals were extracted from the region. [[Silver]] was the first metal mined in the region (particualrly around [[Freiberg]]), and the region was a world-leading producer of silver ore during the 14th through 16th centuries.<ref name = "icomos"/><ref name = "unesco"/> On the [[Bohemia|Bohemian]] side of the mountains, [[Krupka]] grew into a prominant mining town, extracting silver, [[tin]], and later [[iron]], [[lead]], [[copper]], and [[Mercury (element)|mercury]]. <ref name = "icomos"/> After the superficial deposits of silver and tin began to decline in the 16th century, the region became famous as ta world producer of [[cobalt]], a status it maintained until the mid-18th century.<ref name = "unesco"/> Finally, [[anthracite]] and [[uranium]] were extracted in the 19th and 20th century, and were engines for the economic development of Saxony.<ref name = "icomos" /> Today deposits of [[indium]], [[tungsten]], tin and [[lithium]] are being investigated for their economic potential.


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Revision as of 21:32, 11 June 2021

Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region
UNESCO World Heritage Site
upright=Arno Lippmann shaft in Altenberg
LocationCzech Republic and Germany
CriteriaCultural: (ii), (iii), (iv)
Reference1478
Inscription2019 (43rd Session)
Area6,766.057 ha (16,719.29 acres)
Buffer zone13,017.791 ha (32,167.66 acres)
Coordinates50°24′23.5″N 12°50′14.44″E / 50.406528°N 12.8373444°E / 50.406528; 12.8373444
Ore Mountain Mining Region is located in Czech Republic
Ore Mountain Mining Region
Location of Ore Mountain Mining Region in Czech Republic

The Ore Mountain Mining Region (German: Montanregion Erzgebirge) is an industrial heritage landscape, over 800 years old, in the border region between the German state of Saxony and North Bohemia in [[Czechia]. It is characterised by a plethora of historic, largely original, monuments to technology, as well as numerous individual monuments and collections related to the historic mining industry of the region. On 6 July 2019, the Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, beause of its exceptional testimony to the advancement of mining technology over the past 800 years.[1]

Description

The Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region is a region, roughly 95 kilometers long and 45 kilometers wide, on the border of Germany and Czechia, containing a large density of historical mining sites and monuments.[2] The World Heritage Site comprises 22 of these sites (17 in Germany and 5 in Czechia). Because of the intensity and continuous nature of the mining in the region, the entire landscape is heavily influenced by mining, from transportation, to water supply, to urban planning.[2] The region includes many well-reserved relics from derelict mines, including the mines themselves, mine shafts, smelters, and hammer mills.[3]


History

From the first discovery of silver ore in 1168 in Christiansdorf in the territory of the present-day borough of Freiberg, which is part of the Freiberg Mining Field, mining was carried out uninterruptedly in the Ore Mountains until 1990.[3] During that time, several different metals were extracted from the region. Silver was the first metal mined in the region (particualrly around Freiberg), and the region was a world-leading producer of silver ore during the 14th through 16th centuries.[3][2] On the Bohemian side of the mountains, Krupka grew into a prominant mining town, extracting silver, tin, and later iron, lead, copper, and mercury. [3] After the superficial deposits of silver and tin began to decline in the 16th century, the region became famous as ta world producer of cobalt, a status it maintained until the mid-18th century.[2] Finally, anthracite and uranium were extracted in the 19th and 20th century, and were engines for the economic development of Saxony.[3] Today deposits of indium, tungsten, tin and lithium are being investigated for their economic potential.


  • Vereinigt Zwitterfeld zu Zinnwald, tin mining museum in Altenberg
    Vereinigt Zwitterfeld zu Zinnwald, tin mining museum in Altenberg
  • Smelting works of the Alte Mordgrube pit in Brand-Erbisdorf
    Smelting works of the Alte Mordgrube pit in Brand-Erbisdorf
  • Muldenhütten smelting complex
    Muldenhütten smelting complex
  • Old Copper Hammer Mill Althammer in the Saigerhütte Grünthal of Olbernhau
    Old Copper Hammer Mill Althammer in the Saigerhütte Grünthal of Olbernhau
  • Horse Mill for ore mining in Johanngeorgenstadt
    Horse Mill for ore mining in Johanngeorgenstadt
  • Freiberg Municipal and Mining Museum
    Freiberg Municipal and Mining Museum

References

  1. ^ "Seven more cultural sites added to UNESCO's World Heritage List". UNESCO. 6 July 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d "Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 9 Jun 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e International Council on Monuments and Sites (13 March 2019). Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří(Germany/Czechia) No 1478 (Report). Retrieved 11 Jun 2021.
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