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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Catholic Church by country}}
{{Catholic Church by country}}
[[File:ChurchofAllNations.jpg|thumb|[[Church of All Nations]], [[Jerusalem]].]]
[[File:ChurchofAllNations.jpg|thumb|[[Church of All Nations]], [[Jerusalem]].]]
The '''Catholic Church in Israel''' is part of the worldwide [[Catholic Church]], in [[full communion]] with the [[Holy See]] in [[bishop of Rome|Rome]].
The '''Catholic Church in Israel''' is part of the worldwide [[Catholic Church]], in [[full communion]] with the [[Holy See]] in [[bishop of Rome|Rome]]. The Catholic Church in Israel is divided into three main jurisdictions: the [[Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]], the [[Custody of the Holy Land|Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land]], and the [[Salesians of Don Bosco|Salesian Mission]]. Each of these jurisdictions has its own responsibilities and areas of operation.

A number of institutions and organizations serve the Catholic community. The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem is the main Catholic institution in Israel, and it is responsible for the [[pastoral care]] of Catholics in [[Israel]], the [[Palestinian territories]], and [[Jordan]]. The patriarchate has a number of parishes, schools, and hospitals in the region, and it also operates the [[Terra Sancta Museum]] in Jerusalem, which showcases the history and culture of the [[Holy Land]].

The Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land is a Catholic religious order that is responsible for the care of the holy shrines in the Holy Land, such as the [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]] in [[Jerusalem]] and the [[Church of the Nativity]] in [[Bethlehem]]. The Salesian Mission is another Catholic religious order that operates in Israel, particularly in the area of education and youth ministry.

In addition to these institutions, there are a number of Catholic organizations and charities that operate in Israel, such as the [[Catholic Near East Welfare Association]], which provides humanitarian assistance to Christians and other minority communities in the Middle East, and the [[Catholic Relief Services]], which works on issues such as poverty, education and health.


==Overview==
==Overview==
There are approximately 200,000 Christians in [[Israel]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistical Abstract of Israel 2010|url=http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_02&CYear=2010|website=Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics|access-date=2015-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926001429/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_02&CYear=2010|archive-date=2015-09-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the [[Palestinian territories]],<ref>{{cite web|title=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/we.html|website=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> representing about 1.5% of the total population. The largest Catholic Churches include 64,400 [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church|Greek Melkite Catholics]], 32,200 [[Latin Rite|Latin]] Catholics, and 11,270 [[Maronite Church|Maronite Catholics]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bailey|first1=Betty Jane|last2=Bailey|first2=J. Martin|title=Who are the Christians in the Middle East?|date=2003|publisher=Eerdmans|location=Grand Rapids|isbn=0802810209|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whoarechristians00bail/page/150 150–158]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/whoarechristians00bail/page/150}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Collings|first1=Rania Al Qass|last2=Kassis|first2=Rifat Odeh|last3=Raheb|first3=Mitri|title=Palestinian Christians: Facts, Figures and Trends|date=2008|publisher=Diyar Consortium|location=Bethlehem|pages=6–12}}</ref>
At the start of the 21st century there were approximately 200,000 Christians in [[Israel]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistical Abstract of Israel 2010|url=http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_02&CYear=2010|website=Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics|access-date=2015-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926001429/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_02&CYear=2010|archive-date=2015-09-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the [[Palestinian territories]],<ref>{{cite web|title=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/|website=Central Intelligence Agency|date=16 May 2023 }}</ref> representing about 1.5% of the total population. The largest Catholic Churches included 64,400 [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church|Greek Melkite Catholics]], 32,200 [[Latin Church|Latin]] Catholics, and 11,270 [[Maronite Church|Maronite Catholics]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bailey|first1=Betty Jane|last2=Bailey|first2=J. Martin|title=Who are the Christians in the Middle East?|date=2003|publisher=Eerdmans|location=Grand Rapids|isbn=0802810209|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whoarechristians00bail/page/150 150–158]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/whoarechristians00bail/page/150}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Collings|first1=Rania Al Qass|last2=Kassis|first2=Rifat Odeh|last3=Raheb|first3=Mitri|title=Palestinian Christians: Facts, Figures and Trends|date=2008|publisher=Diyar Consortium|location=Bethlehem|pages=6–12}}</ref> By 2020, Catholics made up 1.27% of the population,<ref>[https://thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?REGION=0&u=113c&u=23r The ARDA website, retrieved 2023-08-28]</ref> although some estimates were more than twice that.<ref name=CC2022 />


Jurisdictions of seven of the Catholic Churches overlap in Israel: the [[Armenian Catholic Church|Armenian]], [[Chaldean Catholic Church|Chaldean]], Greek Melkite, Latin (Roman), Maronite, and [[Syriac Catholic Church|Syriac]]. The [[Coptic Catholic Church|Coptic Catholic]] patriarchate also has representation in Israel and the Palestinian territories, as does the Franciscan [[Custody of the Holy Land]], the [[Territorial prelate|Territorial Prelature]] of the Notre Dame Center of Jerusalem, and the [[Personal prelature]] of [[Opus Dei]], with jurisdictional presence. The Holy See is represented by the [[Apostolic Nuncio to Israel]] and the [[Apostolic Delegate]] in Jerusalem for Palestine.
Jurisdictions of seven of the Catholic Churches overlap in Israel: the [[Armenian Catholic Church|Armenian]], [[Chaldean Catholic Church|Chaldean]], Greek Melkite, Latin (Roman), Maronite, and [[Syriac Catholic Church|Syriac]]. The [[Coptic Catholic Church|Coptic Catholic]] patriarchate also has representation in Israel and the Palestinian territories, as does the Franciscan [[Custody of the Holy Land]], the [[Territorial prelate|Territorial Prelature]] of the Notre Dame Center of Jerusalem, and the [[Personal prelature]] of [[Opus Dei]], with jurisdictional presence. The Holy See is represented by the [[Apostolic Nuncio to Israel]] and the [[Apostolic Delegate]] in Jerusalem for Palestine.<ref>[https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2021-06/pope-appointment-yilana-nuncio-israel-cyprus-jerusalem-palestine.html Vatican New website, article dated June 3, 2021]</ref><ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/pope-appoints-new-vatican-ambassador-to-israel/ Times Of Israel website, article dated Sept 13, 2017]</ref>


About 85% of the Catholics in Israel and the Palestinian territories are Arabic-speaking. In addition to a handful of chaplaincies for expatriate clergy, pilgrims, and workers, there is also a [[vicariate]] within the [[Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem|Latin Patriarchate]] ministering to [[Hebrew Catholics]], i.e., converts to Catholicism of Jewish descent, or Hebrew-speaking Catholics born to immigrant workers, often from the Philippines.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hebrew-Speaking Christians|url=http://catholic.co.il/index.php?lang=en|website=Saint James Vicariate for Hebrew Christians}}</ref>
About 85% of the Catholics in Israel and the Palestinian territories are Arabic-speaking. In addition to a handful of chaplaincies for expatriate clergy, pilgrims, and workers, there is also a [[vicariate]] within the [[Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem|Latin Patriarchate]] ministering to [[Hebrew Catholics]], i.e., converts to Catholicism of Jewish descent, or Hebrew-speaking Catholics born to immigrant workers, often from the Philippines.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hebrew-Speaking Christians|url=http://catholic.co.il/index.php?lang=en|website=Saint James Vicariate for Hebrew Christians}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=October 2023|reason=Provided source does not mention [[Overseas Filipino Workers]] in Israel being part of the Hebrew Catholic community.}}


==Local jurisdictions==
==Local jurisdictions==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2021}}


===Dioceses===
===Dioceses===
* [[Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]]
* [[Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]]
* [[Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchal Dependent Territory of Jerusalem]]
* [[Archeparchy of Jerusalem of the Melkites]]
* [[Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Akka]]
* [[Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Akka]]
* [[Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Haifa and the Holy Land]]
* [[Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Haifa and the Holy Land]]
* [[Maronite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Maronite Exarchate of Jerusalem|url=http://www.maronitejerusalem.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=39|website=MaroniteJerusalem|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208054722/http://www.maronitejerusalem.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=39|archivedate=2015-12-08}}</ref>
* [[Maronite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Maronite Exarchate of Jerusalem|url=http://www.maronitejerusalem.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=39|website=MaroniteJerusalem|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208054722/http://www.maronitejerusalem.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=39|archive-date=2015-12-08}}</ref>
* [[Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Armenian Exarchate of Jerusalem|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=292|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>
* [[Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Armenian Exarchate of Jerusalem|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=292|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>
* [[Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Syriac Exarchate of Jerusalem|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=298|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>
* [[Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Syriac Exarchate of Jerusalem|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=298|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>
⚫
*See also: [[Chaldean Catholic Territory Dependent on the Patriarch of Jerusalem]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Chaldean Exarchate|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=305|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>

⚫
''See also:'' [[Chaldean Catholic Territory Dependent on the Patriarch of Jerusalem]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Chaldean Exarchate|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=305|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>


===Particular jurisdictions===
===Particular jurisdictions===
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* 1 English-speaking
* 1 English-speaking
* 1 French-speaking
* 1 French-speaking
* 2 Filipino communities
* 2 Russian communities
* 2 Russian communities
* 1 African community
* 1 African community
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==Representatives of the Holy See==
==Representatives of the Holy See==
{{main|Holy See–Palestine relations}}
{{main|Holy See–Israel relations|Holy See–Palestine relations}}
[[File:Jerusalem St Anna.JPG|thumb|Sanctuary of [[St Anne's Church, Jerusalem]]]]
[[File:Jerusalem St Anna.JPG|thumb|Sanctuary of [[St Anne's Church, Jerusalem]]]]
The Holy See is currently represented by an [[Apostolic Nunciature to Israel|Apostolic Nuncio to Israel]] and an [[Apostolic Delegate]] in Jerusalem and Palestine. Since 1994, the same person serves in both offices, and also serves as Nuncio to Cyprus. Since 13 September 2017, [[Leopoldo Girelli]] has served in those offices.
The Holy See is currently represented by an [[Apostolic Nunciature to Israel|Apostolic Nuncio to Israel]] and an [[Apostolic Delegate]] in Jerusalem and Palestine. Since 1994, the same person serves in both offices, and also serves as Nuncio to Cyprus. Since 3 June 2021, [[Adolfo Tito Yllana]] has served in both offices.<ref>{{cite press release | access-date = 3 June 2021| publisher = Holy See Press Office | date = 3 June 2021 | language = it | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2021/06/03/0354/00775.html | title = Rinunce e nomine, 03.06.2021 }}</ref>


In June 1762, a diplomatic relationship was established in Ottoman Syria, including the region of Palestine.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nunciature to Syria|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dxxsy.html|website=Catholic-hierarchy.org}}</ref>
In June 1762, a diplomatic relationship was established in Ottoman Syria, which also included the region of Palestine.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nunciature to Syria|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dxxsy.html|website=Catholic-hierarchy.org}}</ref>


In March 1929, the diplomatic brief for British Palestine was attached to the Delegate to Cairo.
In March 1929, the diplomatic brief for British Palestine was attached to the Delegate to Cairo.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}}


On 11 February 1948, with the [[Papal brief]] ''Supreme Pastoris'', [[Pope Pius XII]] erected the Apostolic Delegation in Jerusalem and Palestine, [[Jordan#Independence|Transjordan]] and Cyprus.<ref>{{cite web|title=Apostolic Delegate|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=3203|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>
On 11 February 1948, with the [[Papal brief]] ''Supreme Pastoris'', [[Pope Pius XII]] erected the Apostolic Delegation in Jerusalem and Palestine, [[Jordan#Post-independence|Transjordan]] and Cyprus.<ref>{{cite web|title=Apostolic Delegate|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?p=3203|website=Catholic Church in the Holy Land}}</ref>


In December 1993, the Holy See and the State of Israel formally established diplomatic relations, establishing the presence of the Apostolic Nuncio to Israel.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fundamental Accord|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/archivio/documents/rc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html|website=The Holy See}}</ref>
On 30 December 1993, the Holy See and the State of Israel signed the [[Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel]], the first agreement between the two States, and they formally established diplomatic relations in March 1994. The Holy See established the [[Apostolic Nuncio to Israel]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Fundamental Accord|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/archivio/documents/rc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html|website=The Holy See}}</ref>


==Supra-diocesan structures==
==Supra-diocesan structures==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2021}}


===Episcopal conferences===
===Episcopal conferences===
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==Religious institutes==
==Religious institutes==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2021}}
There are 1,764 members of religious orders and institutes of consecrated life in Israel and the Palestinian territories.
In 2020, there were 1,310 members of religious orders and institutes of consecrated life in Israel and the Palestinian territories.<ref name=CC2022>[https://www.catholicsandcultures.org/israel Catholics and Culture website, retrieved 2023-08-28]</ref>


The oldest of these is the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, established as a province in 1217.
The oldest of these is the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, established as a province in 1217.
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===Male religious===
===Male religious===
There are 540 male religious,{{what|date=August 2018}} representing the following congregations:
There are 440 male religious,<ref name=CC2022 /> representing the following congregations:
* [[Assumptionists]]
* [[Assumptionists]]
* [[Basilian monks|Basilians]]
* [[Basilian monks|Basilians]]
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===Female religious===
===Female religious===
There are 1,079 female religious, from the following congregations:
There are 870 female religious,<ref name=CC2022 /> from the following congregations:


===Other Institutes of Consecrated Life===
===Other Institutes of Consecrated Life===
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==Lay organizations and institutes==
==Lay organizations and institutes==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2021}}


===Catholic scouting and youth ministry===
===Catholic scouting and youth ministry===
[[File:Haifa Maronite Boy Scouts, 1939, Dr. John Macqueen Chief Medical Officer for Haifa.png|thumb|right|Haifa [[Maronite]] Boy Scouts, 1939. Center: Dr [[John Macqueen]] Chief Medical Officer for [[Haifa]]]]
* 2,500 members in 16 troops of the Catholic Scout Association in Israel
* 2,500 members in 16 troops of the Catholic Scout Association in Israel
* 2,500 members in 12 troops of the Palestinian Catholic Scouts of Saint John the Baptist
* 2,500 members in 12 troops of the Palestinian Catholic Scouts of Saint John the Baptist
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==Pilgrimage==
==Pilgrimage==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2021}}


===Pilgrimage services===
===Pilgrimage services===
* Christian Information Centre, founded 1973.<ref>{{cite web|title=Home Page|url=http://www.cicts.org/?id=344|website=Christian Information Center|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108175203/http://www.cicts.org/?id=344|archivedate=2015-11-08}}</ref>
* Christian Information Centre, founded 1973.<ref>{{cite web|title=Home Page|url=http://www.cicts.org/?id=344|website=Christian Information Center|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108175203/http://www.cicts.org/?id=344|archive-date=2015-11-08}}</ref>
* Episcopal Commission for Christian Pilgrimages<ref>{{cite web|title=Episcopal Commission for Christian Pilgrimages|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?page_id=115|website=Catholic Church of the Holy Land}}</ref>
* Episcopal Commission for Christian Pilgrimages<ref>{{cite web|title=Episcopal Commission for Christian Pilgrimages|url=http://catholicchurch-holyland.com/?page_id=115|website=Catholic Church of the Holy Land}}</ref>
* Franciscan Pilgrim's Office, founded 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrims' Office|url=http://www.basilicanazareth.org/office.php|website=Basilica of the Annunciation|access-date=2015-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811211922/http://basilicanazareth.org/office.php|archive-date=2015-08-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Franciscan Pilgrim's Office, founded 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrims' Office|url=http://www.basilicanazareth.org/office.php|website=Basilica of the Annunciation|access-date=2015-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811211922/http://basilicanazareth.org/office.php|archive-date=2015-08-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Latin Patriarchate Pilgrimages<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrimages|url=http://www.lpjp.org/programs.html|website=Latin Patriarchate|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304211624/http://www.lpjp.org/programs.html|archivedate=2016-03-04}}</ref>
* Latin Patriarchate Pilgrimages<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrimages|url=http://www.lpjp.org/programs.html|website=Latin Patriarchate|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304211624/http://www.lpjp.org/programs.html|archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref>


===Shrines and holy sites===
===Shrines and holy sites===
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===Pilgrim's decorations===
===Pilgrim's decorations===
* Pilgrim's Shell, [[Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrim's Shell|url=http://www.holy-sepulchre-nw.org/?q=node/1550|website=Northwest Lieutenancy, EOHSJ}}</ref>
* Pilgrim's Shell, [[Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrim's Shell|url=http://www.holy-sepulchre-nw.org/?q=node/1550|website=Northwest Lieutenancy, EOHSJ}}</ref>
* Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross, [[Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Piolgrim's Cross |url=http://www.custodia.org/default.asp?id=1165 |website=Custody of the Holy Land |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117032345/http://www.custodia.org/default.asp?id=1165 |archivedate=2015-11-17 }}</ref>
* Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross, [[Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Piolgrim's Cross |url=http://www.custodia.org/default.asp?id=1165 |website=Custody of the Holy Land |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117032345/http://www.custodia.org/default.asp?id=1165 |archive-date=2015-11-17 }}</ref>


==Popes, saints, martyrs==
==Popes, saints, martyrs==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2021}}


===Saints and Martyrs===
===Saints and Martyrs===
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===Popes===
===Popes===
The Bishops of Rome who were born in, or first ministered in, the Holy Land:
The Popes who were born in, or first ministered in, the Holy Land:


* [[Saint Peter]], Apostle, honored as first [[Bishop of Rome]], c.64
* [[Saint Peter]] the Apostle, c.64
* [[Pope Evaristus]], c.99-107
* [[Pope Evaristus]], c.99-107
* [[Pope Theodore I]], 642-649
* [[Pope Theodore I]], 642-649
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==See also==
==See also==
* [[Religion in Israel]]
* [[Christianity in Israel]]
* [[Catholic Church in Palestine]]
* [[Catholic Church in Palestine]]
* [[Catholic Church in the Middle East]]
* [[Catholic Church in the Middle East]]
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* [https://archive.today/20150222030147/http://www.copticcatholicpatriarchate.net/ Coptic Catholic Church]
* [https://archive.today/20150222030147/http://www.copticcatholicpatriarchate.net/ Coptic Catholic Church]
* [http://www.pgc-lb.org/eng/home Greek Melkite Catholic Church]
* [http://www.pgc-lb.org/eng/home Greek Melkite Catholic Church]
* [http://en.lpj.org/ Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]
* [http://www.lpj.org Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]
* [http://www.bkerki.org/ Maronite Catholic Church]
* [http://www.bkerki.org/ Maronite Catholic Church] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403075034/http://www.bkerki.org/ |date=2020-04-03 }}
* [http://www.syr-cath.org/ Syriac Catholic Church]
* [http://www.syr-cath.org/ Syriac Catholic Church]
* [http://catholic.co.il/index.php?lang=en Saint James Vicariate for Hebrew-speaking Catholics in Israel]
* [http://catholic.co.il/index.php?lang=en Saint James Vicariate for Hebrew-speaking Catholics in Israel]

Latest revision as of 01:27, 7 July 2024

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The Catholic Church in Israel is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, in full communion with the Holy See in Rome. The Catholic Church in Israel is divided into three main jurisdictions: the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, and the Salesian Mission. Each of these jurisdictions has its own responsibilities and areas of operation.

A number of institutions and organizations serve the Catholic community. The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem is the main Catholic institution in Israel, and it is responsible for the pastoral care of Catholics in Israel, the Palestinian territories, and Jordan. The patriarchate has a number of parishes, schools, and hospitals in the region, and it also operates the Terra Sancta Museum in Jerusalem, which showcases the history and culture of the Holy Land.

The Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land is a Catholic religious order that is responsible for the care of the holy shrines in the Holy Land, such as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem and the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. The Salesian Mission is another Catholic religious order that operates in Israel, particularly in the area of education and youth ministry.

In addition to these institutions, there are a number of Catholic organizations and charities that operate in Israel, such as the Catholic Near East Welfare Association, which provides humanitarian assistance to Christians and other minority communities in the Middle East, and the Catholic Relief Services, which works on issues such as poverty, education and health.

Overview

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At the start of the 21st century there were approximately 200,000 Christians in Israel[1] and the Palestinian territories,[2] representing about 1.5% of the total population. The largest Catholic Churches included 64,400 Greek Melkite Catholics, 32,200 Latin Catholics, and 11,270 Maronite Catholics.[3][4] By 2020, Catholics made up 1.27% of the population,[5] although some estimates were more than twice that.[6]

Jurisdictions of seven of the Catholic Churches overlap in Israel: the Armenian, Chaldean, Greek Melkite, Latin (Roman), Maronite, and Syriac. The Coptic Catholic patriarchate also has representation in Israel and the Palestinian territories, as does the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, the Territorial Prelature of the Notre Dame Center of Jerusalem, and the Personal prelature of Opus Dei, with jurisdictional presence. The Holy See is represented by the Apostolic Nuncio to Israel and the Apostolic Delegate in Jerusalem for Palestine.[7][8]

About 85% of the Catholics in Israel and the Palestinian territories are Arabic-speaking. In addition to a handful of chaplaincies for expatriate clergy, pilgrims, and workers, there is also a vicariate within the Latin Patriarchate ministering to Hebrew Catholics, i.e., converts to Catholicism of Jewish descent, or Hebrew-speaking Catholics born to immigrant workers, often from the Philippines.[9][failed verification]

Local jurisdictions

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Dioceses

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Particular jurisdictions

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  • The Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land has care of most of the Christian holy sites and shrines under the jurisdiction of the Catholic Church.
  • The Territorial Prelature of the Notre Dame Center of Jerusalem is considered an Ecumenical Holy Place and pilgrim hostel, under the direct jurisdiction of the Holy See, but in the care of the Legion of Christ since November 2004.
  • The Personal prelature of Opus Dei has a small regional vicariate in Jerusalem. Its members are under the jurisdiction of the prelature, though no territory is.[14]

Parishes and communities

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There are currently 103 Catholic parishes in Israel and the Palestinian Territories:

  • 43 Latin
  • 43 Greek Melkite
  • 14 Maronite
  • 2 Syrian
  • 1 Armenian

There are additionally 8 language chaplaincies and 7 ethnic pastoral centers within the Latin Patriarchate:

  • 4 Hebrew-speaking
  • 2 German-speaking
  • 1 English-speaking
  • 1 French-speaking
  • 2 Russian communities
  • 1 African community
  • 1 Polish community
  • 1 Romanian community

Representatives of the Holy See

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Main articles: Holy See–Israel relations and Holy See–Palestine relations
Sanctuary of St Anne's Church, Jerusalem

The Holy See is currently represented by an Apostolic Nuncio to Israel and an Apostolic Delegate in Jerusalem and Palestine. Since 1994, the same person serves in both offices, and also serves as Nuncio to Cyprus. Since 3 June 2021, Adolfo Tito Yllana has served in both offices.[15]

In June 1762, a diplomatic relationship was established in Ottoman Syria, which also included the region of Palestine.[16]

In March 1929, the diplomatic brief for British Palestine was attached to the Delegate to Cairo.[citation needed]

On 11 February 1948, with the Papal brief Supreme Pastoris, Pope Pius XII erected the Apostolic Delegation in Jerusalem and Palestine, Transjordan and Cyprus.[17]

On 30 December 1993, the Holy See and the State of Israel signed the Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel, the first agreement between the two States, and they formally established diplomatic relations in March 1994. The Holy See established the Apostolic Nuncio to Israel.[18]

Supra-diocesan structures

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Episcopal conferences

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The Assembly of the Catholic Ordinaries of the Holy Land was established in 1992 at the initiative of the Apostolic Delegate in Jerusalem to foster unity within the Catholic Churches of the Holy Land.

The regional episcopal conference for the Latin bishops is the Conference of the Latin Bishops of the Arab Regions (CELRA), established in 1967.

Ecumenical participation

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The Middle East Council of Churches represents 14 million Christians in the Middle East, covering 14 countries and including representatives from 27 churches or jurisdictions (3 Oriental Orthodox, 4 Eastern Orthodox, 7 Catholic, and 13 Protestant/Evangelical).

The Heads of Churches in Jerusalem[19] is a gathering of the patriarchs and other ordinaries of 13 of the local Christian churches in Jerusalem, including Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Catholic, Latin Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches.

Religious institutes

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In 2020, there were 1,310 members of religious orders and institutes of consecrated life in Israel and the Palestinian territories.[6]

The oldest of these is the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, established as a province in 1217.

They are represented by the Committee of the Religious Men of the Holy Land[20] and the Union of Religious Superiors of Women in the Holy Land.[21]

Male religious

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There are 440 male religious,[6] representing the following congregations:

Female religious

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There are 870 female religious,[6] from the following congregations:

Other Institutes of Consecrated Life

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Wedding Church at Cana

There are 145 members of other institutes of consecrated life:

Lay organizations and institutes

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Catholic scouting and youth ministry

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Haifa Maronite Boy Scouts, 1939. Center: Dr John Macqueen Chief Medical Officer for Haifa
  • 2,500 members in 16 troops of the Catholic Scout Association in Israel
  • 2,500 members in 12 troops of the Palestinian Catholic Scouts of Saint John the Baptist
  • Young Catholic Students (Jeunesse Étudiante Catholique)

Lay ecclesial movements

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Medical and social services

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There are:

  • 9 charitable and humanitarian organizations
  • 7 hospitals
  • 7 centers for the disabled
  • 6 orphanages
  • 5 homes for the elderly

Military and hospitaller orders

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Universities and educational institutes

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There are, additionally, 71 primary and secondary schools

Pilgrimage

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Pilgrimage services

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  • Christian Information Centre, founded 1973.[22]
  • Episcopal Commission for Christian Pilgrimages[23]
  • Franciscan Pilgrim's Office, founded 2009.[24]
  • Latin Patriarchate Pilgrimages[25]

Shrines and holy sites

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  • Church of the Resurrection, Jerusalem - Franciscans share custody of Christianity's holiest site along with the Greek Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic, Coptic Orthodox, Ethiopian Orthodox, and Syriac Orthodox Churches.
  • Bethphage, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Cenacle, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Dominus Flevit, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Dormition Abbey, Jerusalem, Benedictines
  • Flagellation Church, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Garden of Gethsemane, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Pater Noster Church, Jerusalem, Carmelite Nuns
  • St. Anne Church, Jerusalem, Missionaries of Africa
  • St. Peter in Gallicantu, Jerusalem, Assumptionists
  • St. Stephen Church, Jerusalem, Dominicans
  • Via Dolorosa 3rd Station, Jerusalem, Armenian Catholics
  • Via Dolorosa 4th Station, Jerusalem, Armenian Catholics
  • Via Dolorosa 5th Station, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Via Dolorosa 6th Station, Jerusalem, Little Sisters of Jesus
  • Via Dolorosa 7th Station, Jerusalem, Franciscans
  • Emmaus of the Crusaders, Abu Gosh, Benedictines
  • Shepherd's Field, Beit Sahour, Franciscans
  • St. Lazarus, Bethany, Franciscans
  • Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem, Franciscans
  • Milk Grotto, Bethlehem, Franciscans
  • First Miracle Church, Cana, Franciscans
  • House of Peter, Capernaum, Franciscans
  • Church of the Visitation, Ein Karem, Franciscans
  • St. John in the Desert, Ein Karem, Franciscans
  • Stella Maris, Haifa, Carmelites
  • Baptism of Our Lord, Jordan River, Franciscans
  • Emmaus Nicoplis, Latrun, Betharram/Beatitudes
  • Duc in Altum, Migdal, Legion of Christ
  • Sermon on the Mount, Mount of Beatitudes, Franciscan Sisters of IHM
  • Sacrifice of Elijah, Muhraqa, Carmelites
  • Church of the Annunciation, Nazareth, Franciscans
  • Church of St. Joseph, Nazareth, Franciscans
  • Synagogue Church, Nazareth, Greek Melkite Catholics
  • Emmaus Qubeibeh, Qubeibeh, Franciscans
  • Church of Nicodemus, Ramleh, Franciscans
  • Multiplication of the Loaves, Tabgha, Benedictines
  • Primacy of Peter, Tabgha, Franciscans
  • Transfiguration, Mount Tabor, Franciscans
  • House of Parables, Taybeh,
  • Church of St. Peter, Tiberias, Koinonia Giovanni Battista

Pilgrimage centers in Jerusalem

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Notre Dame of Jerusalem Center
  • Armenian Guest House
  • Austrian Hospice of the Holy Family
  • Dom Polski (Musrara)
  • Dom Polski (Old City)
  • Ecce Homo, Sisters of Sion
  • Franciscan Missionaries of Mary
  • Knight's Palace
  • Maison d'Abraham
  • Notre Dame of Jerusalem Center
  • Paulus-Haus
  • Rosary Sisters (Mamila)
  • Rosary Sisters (Old City)
  • Saint Charles German Hospice
  • Saint Maroun Guesthouse
  • Saint Thomas Center
  • Tantur Ecumenical Institute

Pilgrim's decorations

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Popes, saints, martyrs

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Saints and Martyrs

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Unnamed martyrs

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  • 33 Martyrs, c.70 (Feast: 16 August)
  • Monks slain by Arab invaders, c.410 (Feast: 28 May)
  • Hermits slain by Saracen invaders, c.509 (Feast: 19 February)
  • 1500 Martyrs of Samaria, c.614 (Feast: 22 June)
  • 44 hermits of St. Sabbas Monastery, c.614 (Feast: 16 May)

Popes

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The Popes who were born in, or first ministered in, the Holy Land:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Statistical Abstract of Israel 2010". Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 2015-09-26. Retrieved 2015-10-31.
  2. ^ "The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. 16 May 2023.
  3. ^ Bailey, Betty Jane; Bailey, J. Martin (2003). Who are the Christians in the Middle East?. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. pp. 150–158. ISBN 0802810209.
  4. ^ Collings, Rania Al Qass; Kassis, Rifat Odeh; Raheb, Mitri (2008). Palestinian Christians: Facts, Figures and Trends. Bethlehem: Diyar Consortium. pp. 6–12.
  5. ^ The ARDA website, retrieved 2023-08-28
  6. ^ a b c d Catholics and Culture website, retrieved 2023-08-28
  7. ^ Vatican New website, article dated June 3, 2021
  8. ^ Times Of Israel website, article dated Sept 13, 2017
  9. ^ "Hebrew-Speaking Christians". Saint James Vicariate for Hebrew Christians.
  10. ^ "Maronite Exarchate of Jerusalem". MaroniteJerusalem. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08.
  11. ^ "Armenian Exarchate of Jerusalem". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  12. ^ "Syriac Exarchate of Jerusalem". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  13. ^ "Chaldean Exarchate". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  14. ^ "Opus Dei". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  15. ^ "Rinunce e nomine, 03.06.2021" (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  16. ^ "Nunciature to Syria". Catholic-hierarchy.org.
  17. ^ "Apostolic Delegate". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  18. ^ "Fundamental Accord". The Holy See.
  19. ^ "Heads of Churches in Jerusalem". Palestine Israel Ecumenical Forum.
  20. ^ "Religious Men". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  21. ^ "Religious Women". Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
  22. ^ "Home Page". Christian Information Center. Archived from the original on 2015-11-08.
  23. ^ "Episcopal Commission for Christian Pilgrimages". Catholic Church of the Holy Land.
  24. ^ "Pilgrims' Office". Basilica of the Annunciation. Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-10-31.
  25. ^ "Pilgrimages". Latin Patriarchate. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  26. ^ "Pilgrim's Shell". Northwest Lieutenancy, EOHSJ.
  27. ^ "Piolgrim's Cross". Custody of the Holy Land. Archived from the original on 2015-11-17.
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