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{{Short description|Public place for the washing of clothes}}
{{No footnotes|date=February 2016}}
{{No footnotes|date=February 2016}}
[[Image:Bonnat lavoir 0425.jpg|thumb|The restored lavoir at [[Bonnat, Creuse|Bonnat]] straddling a small stream]]
[[Image:Bonnat lavoir 0425.jpg|thumb|The restored lavoir at [[Bonnat, Creuse|Bonnat]] straddling a small stream]]
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A '''lavoir''' ({{IPA|fr|lavwaʁ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-lavoir.wav}}, wash-house) is a public place set aside for the [[laundry|washing of clothes]]. Communal [[Laundry#Washhouses|washing places]] were common in Europe until [[Washing machine#Social impact|industrial washing]] was introduced, and this process in turn was replaced by domestic washing machines and by [[launderette]]s. The English word is borrowed from the [[French language]], which also uses the expression {{Lang|fr|bassin public}}, "public basin".

==Description==
[[File:Brogi, Carlo (1850-1925) - n. 12182 - Sanremo - Popolane al lavatojo.jpg|thumb|Women doing laundry in San Remo, Italy]]
[[File:Brogi, Carlo (1850-1925) - n. 12182 - Sanremo - Popolane al lavatojo.jpg|thumb|Women doing laundry in San Remo, Italy]]
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Lavoirs were built from the seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. With [[Georges-Eugène Haussmann|Baron Haussmann]]'s redesign of [[Paris]] in the 1850s, a free lavoir was established in every neighbourhood, and government grants encouraged municipalities across France to construct their own.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roddier|first1=Mireille|title=Lavoirs: Washhouses of Rural France|date=2003|publisher=Princeton Architectural Press|location=New York|isbn=9781568983929}}</ref> Lavoirs are more common in certain areas, such as around the [[Canal du Midi]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Visentin|first1=Francesco|last2=Vallerani|first2=Francesco|title=Waterways and the Cultural Landscape book cover Waterways and the Cultural Landscape}}</ref>
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{{See also|Laundry#Washhouses}}
⚫
A '''lavoir''' (wash-house) is a public place set aside for the [[laundry|washing of clothes]]. Communal [[Laundry#Washhouses|washing places]] were common in Europe until [[Washing machine#Social impact|industrial washing]] was introduced, and they in turn were replaced by [[launderette]]s. The English word is borrowed from the [[French language]], which also uses the expression ''bassin publique'', "public basin".


⚫
Lavoirs are commonly sited on a [[spring (hydrosphere)|spring]] or set over or beside a river. Many lavoirs are provided with roofs for shelter. With the coming of piped [[water supply|water supplies]] and modern [[sanitary sewer|drainage]], lavoirs have been steadily falling into disuse although a number of communities have restored ancient lavoirs, some of which date back to the 10th century.
⚫
''Lavoirs'' were built from the seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. With [[Haussman]]'s redesign of Paris in the 1850s, a free ''lavoir'' was established in every neighbourhood, and government grants encouraged municipalities across France to construct their own. <ref>{{cite book|last1=Roddier|first1=Mireille|title=Lavoirs: Washhouses of Rural France|date=2003|publisher=Princeton Architectural Press|location=New York|isbn=9781568983929|accessdate=29 March 2018}}</ref>


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There are also ''{{Lang|fr|bateaux-lavoirs}}'' ("laundry boats") in some towns on the banks of large rivers such as Paris and [[Lyon]].
⚫
Lavoirs are commonly sited on a [[spring (hydrosphere)|spring]] or beside or set over a river. Many lavoirs are provided with roofs for shelter. With the coming of piped [[water supply|water supplies]] and modern [[sanitary sewer|drainage]], lavoirs have been steadily falling into disuse although a number of communities have restored ancient lavoirs, some of which date back to the 10th century.

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There are also ''bateaux-lavoirs'' (laundry boats) in some towns on the banks of large rivers such as Paris and Lyon.

The lavoir in Rives (74 200 Thonon, Haute-Savoie, France) is lit in by the March afternoon slanting sun. Polished stone slabs line around the central pool, which reflects its light against the wall (note the date 1887 on a plaque), and the hall is cool and quiet, while it was a century ago ringing with bat thuds, washing songs and the loud chatter of gossips.
{{clear}}


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery perrow="6">
<gallery>
Image:Groix-lavoir.jpg|A lavoir at [[Groix]]
Image:Groix-lavoir.jpg|A lavoir at [[Groix]]
Image:Bourgogne_Noyers-sur-Serein_lavoir.jpg|Lavoir at [[Noyers, Yonne|Noyers]]
Image:Bourgogne_Noyers-sur-Serein_lavoir.jpg|Lavoir at [[Noyers, Yonne|Noyers-sur-Serein]]
Image:Lavoir-gunstett.jpg|Lavoir at [[Gunstett]]
Image:Lavoir-gunstett.jpg|Lavoir at [[Gunstett]]
Image:Imm015BateauxLavoirsLavalFrance050105smallGFDLMelusin.jpg|Bateaux-lavoirs at [[Laval (Mayenne)|Laval]]
Image:Imm015BateauxLavoirsLavalFrance050105smallGFDLMelusin.jpg|Laundry boat at [[Laval (Mayenne)|Laval]]
Image:Vellisca (Cuenca) lavadero público (RPS 27-09-2014).png|Lavadero público in [[Spain]] about 1874 at [[Vellisca]] in the [[Province of Cuenca]]
Image:MHNT PHa 912 T144.jpg|Laundry boat in [[Haute-Garonne]], 1901
Image:Vellisca (Cuenca) lavadero público (RPS 27-09-2014).png|Lavadero público in [[Spain]] about 1874 at [[Vellisca]] in the [[Province of Cuenca]]
Image:Tanque das Lavandeiras - comunitario II.jpg|Public wash-pool at [[Cabeção]], [[Portugal]]
Image:Tanque das Lavandeiras - comunitario II.jpg|Public wash-pool at [[Cabeção]], [[Portugal]]
Image:Lavoir San Miguel de Allende.jpg|Public washbasins at [[San Miguel de Allende]] ([[México]])
Image:Lavoir San Miguel de Allende.jpg|Public washbasins at [[San Miguel de Allende]] ([[México]])
Image:Fourneau St-Michel - Lavoir (Saint-Remy).jpg|Fourneau St-Michel - Lavoir (Saint-Remy)
Image:Fourneau St-Michel - Lavoir (Saint-Remy).jpg|Fourneau Saint-Michel - Lavoir (Saint-Remy)
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</gallery>


==See also==
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</gallery>
{{Portal|History|France}}
*[[Baths and wash houses in Britain]]
*[[Bleachfield]]
*[[Dhobi ghat]], an outdoor laundry place in South Asia
*[[Dhobi Ghat]]
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*[[Laundry#Washhouses]]


==References==
==References==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Wash houses in France by department}}
{{Commons category|Wash houses}}
{{External links|date=February 2016}}
{{External links|date=February 2016}}
* {{fr}} [http://www.lavoirsdefrance.com Lavoirs of France]
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.lavoirs.org Les lavoirs de France]
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* {{in lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713191452/http://aube.lavoirsdefrance.com/ Lavoirs in the department Aube]
* {{fr}} [http://www.lavoirs.org Les lavoirs de France]
* {{fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713191452/http://aube.lavoirsdefrance.com/ Lavoirs in the department Aube]
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713191452/http://champagneardenne.lavoirsdefrance.com/ Lavoirs in Champagne-Ardenne]
* {{fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713191452/http://champagneardenne.lavoirsdefrance.com/ Lavoirs in Champagne-Ardenne]
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713191452/http://bourgognefranchecomte.lavoirsdefrance.com/ Lavoirs in Burgundy and Franche-comté]
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* {{fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713191452/http://bourgognefranchecomte.lavoirsdefrance.com/ Lavoirs in Burgundy and Franche-comté]


{{Laundry navbox}}
{{Laundry navbox}}


[[Category:Laundry]]
[[Category:Laundry places]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures by type]]
[[Category:Water]]
[[Category:Water]]
[[Category:French words and phrases]]
[[Category:Women's history]]

Latest revision as of 23:19, 25 August 2024

The restored lavoir at Bonnat straddling a small stream

A lavoir (French pronunciation: [lavwaʁ] ⓘ, wash-house) is a public place set aside for the washing of clothes. Communal washing places were common in Europe until industrial washing was introduced, and this process in turn was replaced by domestic washing machines and by launderettes. The English word is borrowed from the French language, which also uses the expression bassin public, "public basin".

Description

[edit]
Women doing laundry in San Remo, Italy

Lavoirs were built from the seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. With Baron Haussmann's redesign of Paris in the 1850s, a free lavoir was established in every neighbourhood, and government grants encouraged municipalities across France to construct their own.[1] Lavoirs are more common in certain areas, such as around the Canal du Midi.[2]

Lavoirs are commonly sited on a spring or set over or beside a river. Many lavoirs are provided with roofs for shelter. With the coming of piped water supplies and modern drainage, lavoirs have been steadily falling into disuse although a number of communities have restored ancient lavoirs, some of which date back to the 10th century.

There are also bateaux-lavoirs ("laundry boats") in some towns on the banks of large rivers such as Paris and Lyon.

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Roddier, Mireille (2003). Lavoirs: Washhouses of Rural France. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 9781568983929.
  2. ^ Visentin, Francesco; Vallerani, Francesco. Waterways and the Cultural Landscape book cover Waterways and the Cultural Landscape.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wash houses.
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