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[[File:CriterionFromTheAir.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Criterion Wind Farm (top) as seen from a commercial airliner. The bottom twelve turbines are part of Fair Wind Wind Farm.]] |
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The '''Criterion Wind Project''' is a [[wind farm]] located on [[Backbone Mountain]] east of [[Oakland, Maryland|Oakland]], [[Maryland]], |
The '''Criterion Wind Project''' is a [[wind farm]] located on [[Backbone Mountain]] east of [[Oakland, Maryland|Oakland]], [[Maryland]], United States. The project has a rated capacity of 70 MW and uses 28 [[Liberty Wind Turbine]]s manufactured by [[Clipper Windpower]]. Each of the wind turbines is about 415 feet tall. The Criterion Wind Project is owned by Criterion Power Partners, LLC, which is a subisiary of [[Exelon]], and interconnected with the transmission system of the Potomac Edison Company (a subsidiary of [[FirstEnergy]]). Electricity and [[renewable energy credit]]s from the project are sold to the [[Old Dominion Electric Cooperative]] under a 20-year supply contract.<ref name="CEG PR">{{Cite press release |title=Constellation Energy Completes Acquisition of Criterion Wind Project in Western Maryland |publisher=Constellation Energy |date=7 April 2010 |url=http://ir.constellation.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=457186 |access-date=11 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726055643/http://ir.constellation.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=457186 |archive-date=26 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The Criterion Wind Project was originally proposed in 2002 by Clipper Windpower as a 101 MW project consisting of 67 1.8 MW. On March 26, 2003, the [[Maryland Public Service Commission]] issued a certificate of public convenience and necessity authorizing the construction of the wind farm. Opponents of the project filed a series of lawsuits which delayed construction of the project.<ref>See {{Cite court |litigants=Clipper WindPower v. Sprenger |vol=924 |reporter=A.2d |opinion=1160 |court=Md. |date=2007 |url=http://mdcourts.gov/opinions/coa/2007/136a05.pdf}} and {{Cite court |litigants=Sprenger v. Public Service Commission |vol=926 |reporter=A.2d |opinion=238 |court=Md. |date =2007 |url=http://mdcourts.gov/opinions/coa/2007/125a06.pdf}}.</ref> In 2007, legislation was enacted by the [[Maryland General Assembly]] to streamline the permitting of wind farms with a capacity up to 70 MW. To meet the new statutory requirements, the Criterion Wind Project was then reconfigured as a 70 MW project consisting of 28 2.5 MW wind turbines. Clipper Windpower then sold the project to Constellation Energy,<ref name="CEG PR"/> which completed the project in December 2010. |
The Criterion Wind Project was originally proposed in 2002 by Clipper Windpower as a 101 MW project consisting of 67 1.8 MW. On March 26, 2003, the [[Maryland Public Service Commission]] issued a certificate of public convenience and necessity authorizing the construction of the wind farm. Opponents of the project filed a series of lawsuits which delayed construction of the project.<ref>See {{Cite court |litigants=Clipper WindPower v. Sprenger |vol=924 |reporter=A.2d |opinion=1160 |court=Md. |date=2007 |url=http://mdcourts.gov/opinions/coa/2007/136a05.pdf}} and {{Cite court |litigants=Sprenger v. Public Service Commission |vol=926 |reporter=A.2d |opinion=238 |court=Md. |date =2007 |url=http://mdcourts.gov/opinions/coa/2007/125a06.pdf}}.</ref> In 2007, legislation was enacted by the [[Maryland General Assembly]] to streamline the permitting of wind farms with a capacity up to 70 MW. To meet the new statutory requirements, the Criterion Wind Project was then reconfigured as a 70 MW project consisting of 28 2.5 MW wind turbines. Clipper Windpower then sold the project to Constellation Energy,<ref name="CEG PR"/> which completed the project in December 2010. |
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==Awards and recognition== |
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As of June 5, 2019, The Criterion Wind Wildlife Program received The Environmental Award at the 2019 Safety Summit in Washington D.C. The award is presented to a team of Exelon employees in recognition of their dedication of continued safety and environmental consciousness throughout the time spent working on their project. The recipients received $7,500. |
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==Concerns regarding birds and bats== |
==Concerns regarding birds and bats== |
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A lawsuit was filed in December 2010 against the Criterion Wind Project alleging that the project must obtain an [[Incidental Take Permit]] from the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service|U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]] for any [[Indiana bat]]s killed or injured by the turbine blades.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wheeler |first=Timothy B. |title=Maryland wind project sued over endangered bats |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |
A lawsuit was filed in December 2010 against the Criterion Wind Project alleging that the project must obtain an [[Incidental Take Permit]] from the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service|U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]] for any [[Indiana bat]]s killed or injured by the turbine blades.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wheeler |first=Timothy B. |title=Maryland wind project sued over endangered bats |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |date=December 22, 2010 |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2010/12/22/maryland-wind-project-sued-over-endangered-bats/ |access-date=11 Apr 2011 |archive-date=2011-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713060052/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-12-22/features/bs-gr-wind-lawsuit-20101222_1_rare-bats-indiana-bats-wind-project |url-status=live }}</ref> A pre-construction survey conducted over two years did not find any endangered bats such as the Indiana bat at the project site.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gates |first=J. Edward |author2=Kerns, Jessica |author3=Lott, Keith |author4=Johnson, Joshua B. |title=Bird and Bat Species and Risks to Diurnal Migrants on the Clipper Windpower Criterion Project, Backbone Mountain, Garrett County, Maryland |pages=113, 118 |date=June 2006 |url=http://www.dnr.state.md.us/irc/docs/00013918.pdf |access-date=11 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419183158/http://www.dnr.state.md.us/irc/docs/00013918.pdf |archive-date=19 April 2011 }}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | On July 31, 2012, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service released a draft [[Habitat Conservation Plan]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Criterion Power Partners, LLC |title=Criterion Wind Project, Garrett County, Maryland: Indiana Bat Habitat Conservation Plan |publisher=U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |date=November 29, 2011 |url=http://www.fws.gov/chesapeakebay/EndSppWeb/Criterion%20docs/Draft%20Criterion%20HCP.pdf |access-date =2 August 2012}}</ref> developed for the Criterion Wind Project with proposed measures to protect the Indiana bat for public comments through September 28, 2012.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Maryland energy company requests Endangered Species Act permit from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |publisher=U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |date=July 31, 2012 |url=http://www.fws.gov/chesapeakebay/EndSppWeb/CriterionNewsRelease.html |access-date=2 August 2012}}</ref> After the comment period ends, the Service will determine if the application meets the permit issuance requirements. |
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Not fully addressed, however, was the impact associated with massive clear-cutting of centuries-old old-growth forests in Western Maryland. There were no existing roads for the majority of these turbines, so access roads and cleared areas for the turbines themselves needed to be created. This in turn created runoff, which being on the other side of the Eastern Continental Divide, was not an impact to the Chesapeake Bay, rather is ultimately drained into the Mississippi River feeders like the Yough and Ohio Rivers, thus contributing to increased dangers of flooding and other run-off issues. |
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| ⚫ | On July 31, 2012, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service released a draft [[Habitat Conservation Plan]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Criterion Power Partners, LLC |title=Criterion Wind Project, Garrett County, Maryland: Indiana Bat Habitat Conservation Plan |publisher=U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |date= |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{stack|{{Portal|Maryland|Weather|Renewable energy}}}} |
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* [[Environmental impact of wind power]] |
* [[Environmental impact of wind power]] |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.constellation.com/EnergyMatters/RenewableEnergy/CriterionWindProject/Pages/CriterionWindProject.aspx Criterion Wind Project webpage] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110525111452/http://www.constellation.com/EnergyMatters/RenewableEnergy/CriterionWindProject/Pages/CriterionWindProject.aspx Criterion Wind Project webpage] |
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKi-rvc2tXg Criterion Wind Project Construction] (video) |
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{{Power stations in Maryland}} |
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{{coord|39|25|2.67|N|79|16|41.9|W|region:US-MD_type:landmark|display=title}} |
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Latest revision as of 03:01, 9 October 2024
The Criterion Wind Project is a wind farm located on Backbone Mountain east of Oakland, Maryland, United States. The project has a rated capacity of 70 MW and uses 28 Liberty Wind Turbines manufactured by Clipper Windpower. Each of the wind turbines is about 415 feet tall. The Criterion Wind Project is owned by Criterion Power Partners, LLC, which is a subisiary of Exelon, and interconnected with the transmission system of the Potomac Edison Company (a subsidiary of FirstEnergy). Electricity and renewable energy credits from the project are sold to the Old Dominion Electric Cooperative under a 20-year supply contract.[1]
History
[edit]The Criterion Wind Project was originally proposed in 2002 by Clipper Windpower as a 101 MW project consisting of 67 1.8 MW. On March 26, 2003, the Maryland Public Service Commission issued a certificate of public convenience and necessity authorizing the construction of the wind farm. Opponents of the project filed a series of lawsuits which delayed construction of the project.[2] In 2007, legislation was enacted by the Maryland General Assembly to streamline the permitting of wind farms with a capacity up to 70 MW. To meet the new statutory requirements, the Criterion Wind Project was then reconfigured as a 70 MW project consisting of 28 2.5 MW wind turbines. Clipper Windpower then sold the project to Constellation Energy,[1] which completed the project in December 2010.
Awards and recognition
[edit]As of June 5, 2019, The Criterion Wind Wildlife Program received The Environmental Award at the 2019 Safety Summit in Washington D.C. The award is presented to a team of Exelon employees in recognition of their dedication of continued safety and environmental consciousness throughout the time spent working on their project. The recipients received $7,500.
Concerns regarding birds and bats
[edit]A lawsuit was filed in December 2010 against the Criterion Wind Project alleging that the project must obtain an Incidental Take Permit from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for any Indiana bats killed or injured by the turbine blades.[3] A pre-construction survey conducted over two years did not find any endangered bats such as the Indiana bat at the project site.[4]
On July 31, 2012, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service released a draft Habitat Conservation Plan[5] developed for the Criterion Wind Project with proposed measures to protect the Indiana bat for public comments through September 28, 2012.[6] After the comment period ends, the Service will determine if the application meets the permit issuance requirements.
Not fully addressed, however, was the impact associated with massive clear-cutting of centuries-old old-growth forests in Western Maryland. There were no existing roads for the majority of these turbines, so access roads and cleared areas for the turbines themselves needed to be created. This in turn created runoff, which being on the other side of the Eastern Continental Divide, was not an impact to the Chesapeake Bay, rather is ultimately drained into the Mississippi River feeders like the Yough and Ohio Rivers, thus contributing to increased dangers of flooding and other run-off issues.
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Constellation Energy Completes Acquisition of Criterion Wind Project in Western Maryland" (Press release). Constellation Energy. 7 April 2010. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
- ^ See Clipper WindPower v. Sprenger, 924 A.2d 1160 (Md. 2007). and Sprenger v. Public Service Commission, 926 A.2d 238 (Md. 2007)..
- ^ Wheeler, Timothy B. (December 22, 2010). "Maryland wind project sued over endangered bats". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 11 Apr 2011.
- ^ Gates, J. Edward; Kerns, Jessica; Lott, Keith; Johnson, Joshua B. (June 2006). "Bird and Bat Species and Risks to Diurnal Migrants on the Clipper Windpower Criterion Project, Backbone Mountain, Garrett County, Maryland" (PDF): 113, 118. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Criterion Power Partners, LLC (November 29, 2011). "Criterion Wind Project, Garrett County, Maryland: Indiana Bat Habitat Conservation Plan" (PDF). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
- ^ "Maryland energy company requests Endangered Species Act permit from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service" (Press release). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. July 31, 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2012.